Yanshi

Yanshi
Yanshi; 偃师市
	County-level city
	Yanshi Location in Henan
	Coordinates: 34°43′37″N 112°47′24″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Henan
Prefecture-level city	Luoyang
Population (2003)
• Total	830,000
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)

Yanshi (simplified Chinese: 偃师; traditional Chinese: 偃師; pinyin: Yǎnshī) is a county-level city administered by the prefecture-level city of Luoyang in western Henan province, China. Yanshi lies on the Luo River and is the easternmost county-level division of Luoyang.

History

After the Zhou conquest of Shang in mid-11th century BC, King Wu of Zhou founded a garrison town to the east of modern Yanshi to accommodate some of the campaigning troops. The name "Yanshi" is short of "settling down the Rong army" (息偃戎师). When Qin annexed Zhou in 256 BC, Yanshi County was established. The county's borders underwent several changes over the course of history. In 1993, Yanshi County became the county-level Yanshi City.[1]

Archaeological sites

There are two important archaeological sites in this area.

Erlitou site

The Erlitou culture (1900–1500 BC) was discovered in Yanshi in 1959.[2] Erlitou is the name of the modern village nearby; the traditional name of the settlement was Zhenxun (斟鄩, Zhēnxún).

Yanshi Shang City

In 1983, a walled city dating from 1600 BC was found 6 km (3.7 mi) north-east of the Erlitou site in Yanshi's Shixianggou Township.[2] This city, now known as Yanshi Shang City (偃师商城, Yǎnshī Shāngchéng), had an area of nearly 200 ha (490 acres) and featured pottery characteristic of the Erligang culture.[3] Some scholars—including the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project[3]—identify it with the first Shang dynasty capital, Western Bo (西亳, Xībó) which was traditionally credited to King Tang after his defeat of the Xia dynasty.[4]

References

"历史人文". Yanshi City Government. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
Liu, Li; Xu, Hong (2007). "Rethinking Erlitou: legend, history and Chinese archaeology". Antiquity. 81 (314): 886–901. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00095983. hdl:1959.9/58390.
Lee, Yun Kuen (2002). "Building the chronology of early Chinese history". Asian Perspectives. 41 (1): 15–42. doi:10.1353/asi.2002.0006. hdl:10125/17161.
Schinz, Alfred (1996). The magic square: cities in ancient China. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN 978-3-930698-02-8.

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[1] "历史人文". Yanshi City Government. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[Liu_Xu-2] Liu, Li; Xu, Hong (2007). "Rethinking Erlitou: legend, history and Chinese archaeology". Antiquity. 81 (314): 886–901. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00095983. hdl:1959.9/58390.

[Lee-3] Lee, Yun Kuen (2002). "Building the chronology of early Chinese history". Asian Perspectives. 41 (1): 15–42. doi:10.1353/asi.2002.0006. hdl:10125/17161.

[4] Schinz, Alfred (1996). The magic square: cities in ancient China. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN 978-3-930698-02-8.