Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 湘西土家族苗族自治州; pinyin: Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu;Tujia:Xianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux;Miao:Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoud) is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China. It is located in western Hunan province.[lower-alpha 1] It consists of one city, Jishou, and seven counties: Baojing, Fenghuang, Guzhang, Huayuan, Longshan, Luxi, Yongshun.[lower-alpha 2] The capital is Jishou. Twenty-five nationalities gather here, of the total 2,480,000 population, 66.6 per cent are ethnic minorities, including 860,000 Tujia and 790,000 Miao.[1]
Xiangxi Prefecture 湘西州 | |
|---|---|
湘西土家族苗族自治州 Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Xianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux(Tujia) Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoud(Miao) | |
 Panorama of Furong, a Tujia ancient town in Yongshun County | |
.png) Location in Hunan | |
| Coordinates (Xiangxi Prefecture government): 28.31°N 109.74°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hunan |
| Area | |
| • Total | 15,486 km2 (5,979 sq mi) |
| Population (2004) | |
| • Total | 3,650,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HN-31 |
History
Xiangxi has a long history. The land was sparsely inhabited during the Shang Dynasty, through the Warring States period up to the era of the Sui dynasty and Tang Dynasty. It fell under the influence of the Chu state during the Warring States era. Later, it became part of the Western and Eastern Han dyansty. After the collapse of the Han dynasty, it came under the control of the Shu Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms Period of China. Then the area became a subject of the Jin Dynasty. When the Yuan Dynasty was established, the region became a part of the Hubei province. Soon later, Hubei and Hunan province became one single province called Huguang. The Ming dynasty reestablished the Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and attached it to Hunan province.
Upon the establishment of modern China, the national government gave the region autonomous status and county level status. This meant that the provincial government had less control over the region compared to other counties.
Modern reforms
Ever since the reforms by Deng Xiaoping, the region has developed substantially. The introduction of a large number of advanced production equipment and various types of automated production factories accelerated the growth of industries. In 2008, the total production value totaled 22,666 billion yuan.
Crop production
Agricultural products such as rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, electricity, cement, wood, cigarettes, fertilizers, yarn and cloth became primary products.
Administration
| Map | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English | Chinese | Pinyin | Miao Language transliteration | Tujia Language transliteration | [2] Area |
Subdivisions[3] | ||||
| Subdistricts | Towns | Townships | Districts | Villages | ||||||
| Xiangxi Tujia Miao Autonomous Zone | 湘西土家族 苗族自治州 |
Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoud | Xianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux | 15462.30 | 7 | 69 | 89 | 183 | 1967 |
| Jishou City | 吉首市 | Jíshǒu Shì | Jib Soud | Jirsouv sif | 1062.46 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 38 | 138 |
| Luxi County | 泸溪县 | Lúxī Xiàn | Lioux Kid | Lurqir xianf | 1568.65 | 8 | 7 | 16 | 134 | |
| Fenghuang County | 凤凰县 | Fènghuáng Xiàn | Jib Zhes | Fongrhuanr xianf | 1751.10 | 9 | 15 | 15 | 344 | |
| Huayuan County | 花垣县 | Huāyuán Xiàn | Jib Yox | Huaxyanr xianf | 1111.12 | 8 | 10 | 19 | 288 | |
| Baojing County | 保靖县 | Bǎojìng Xiàn | Jib Yal | Baovjinf xianf | 1745.88 | 10 | 6 | 16 | 198 | |
| Guzhang County | 古丈县 | Gǔzhàng Xiàn | Bloud Nhol | Guvzanf xianf | 1286.23 | 6 | 6 | 18 | 140 | |
| Yongshun County | 永顺县 | Yǒngshùn Xiàn | Mongl Dongs | Yinvsunf xianf | 3809.69 | 12 | 18 | 33 | 291 | |
| Longshan County | 龙山县 | Lóngshān Xiàn | Gheul Rongx | Longrsanx xianf | 3127.16 | 3 | 11 | 20 | 28 | 434 |
Government
The current CPC Party Secretary of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is Ye Hongzhuan and the current Mayor is Long Xiaohua.
Notes
- The name of the prefecture, "湘西", literally means "Hunan west", "湘" (Xiāng) being an abbreviation for Hunan and "西" (xī) meaning "west".
- Until 1988, part of the area that is now the prefecture-level city of Zhangjiajie, specifically Dayong (now, Zhangjiajie) city and Sangzhi County, was part of the autonomous prefecture.
References
- Xiangxi city and Xiangxi River - Xiangxi Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture Is Located in Northwestern Hunan Province.
- 湘西土家族苗族自治州国土资源局 [Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Bureau of Land Resources]. 《湘西土家族苗族自治州土地利用总体规划（2006-2020年）》.
- Ministry of Civil Affairs (1 August 2014). 《中国民政统计年鉴2014》 (in Chinese). China Statistics Press. ISBN 978-7-5037-7130-9.
External links