Timeline of Hanover

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Hanover, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.

Prior to 19th century
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  • 1333 - Kreuzkirche (church) consecrated.
  • 1347 - Aegidienkirche (church) built.
  • 1366 - Marktkirche (church) built.
  • 1369 - Welfs in power.[1]
  • 1382 - Döhrener Tower built near city.
  • 1400 - Public clock installed (approximate date).[2]
  • 1410 - Town Hall building expanded (approximate date).(de)[3]
  • 1440 - Stadtbibliothek Hannover (library) founded.[4][5]
  • 1529 - Hanover Schützenfest established.
  • 1550 - Alter Jüdischer Friedhof an der Oberstraße (cemetery) established.
  • 1670 - Neustädter Kirche (church) built.
  • 1676 - Herrenhausen Palace expansion begins.[1]
  • 1689
    • Population: 11,373.[3]
    • Schlossopernhaus opens with premiere of Steffani's opera Henrico Leone.[6]
  • 1698 - Leibniz house in use.
  • 1720 - Royal Public Library active.[7]
  • 1726 - Herrenhäuser Allee laid out.
  • 1755 - Population: 17,432.[3]
  • 1797 - Hanover Natural History Society founded.[8]
  • 1798 - Adressbuch der Stadt Hannover (city directory) begins publication.[3]

19th century
  • 1810 - Hanover becomes part of the Kingdom of Westphalia.[1]
  • 1815 - City becomes capital of the Kingdom of Hanover.[1]
  • 1821 - Population: 33,255.[3]
  • 1824 - Calenberger Neustadt becomes part of city.[3]
  • 1826 - Gas lighting installed.[9]
  • 1832 - Kunstverein Hannover (art society) formed.
  • 1835 - Historischer Verein für Niedersachsen (historical society) founded.
  • 1838 - Artilleriekaserne am Steintor (military barracks) built.
  • 1844 - Hanover–Braunschweig Railway in operation.
  • 1847
    • Bremen–Hanover railway begins operating.
    • Development of Ernst-August-Stadt area begins.[3]
  • 1851 - Thalia Society founded.[10]
  • 1852
  • 1853 - Hanoverian Southern Railway begins operating.
  • 1854 - Hannoversche Courier newspaper begins publication.
  • 1856 - Museum of Art and Science built.
  • 1861 - Population: 71,170.[12]
  • 1864
    • Hanover–Hamburg railway in operation.
    • Stadtfriedhof Engesohde and Jüdischer Friedhof An der Strangriede (cemeteries) established.
  • 1865 - Hanover Zoo established.[13]
  • 1866
    • Hanover becomes part of Prussia.[1]
    • Hanover Military Riding Institute active.
    • Welfenschloss (palace) built.[1]
    • X Army Corps headquartered in Hanover.
    • Hanover Chamber of Industry and Commerce established.
  • 1870 - New Synagogue, Hanover built.
  • 1871 - Continental rubber manufacturer in business.
  • 1872
    • Horse-drawn tram begins operating.(de)
    • Goethe Bridge built.[14]
  • 1879 - Hannover Hauptbahnhof rebuilt.
  • 1885 - Population: 139,731.[15]
  • 1886 - Cumberlandsche Galerie built.
  • 1888 - Photographischer Verein founded.[16]
  • 1889
  • 1891 - Hainholz, Herrenhausen, List, and Vahrenwald become part of city.[3]
  • 1893
    • Electric tram begins operating.(de)
    • Hannoverscher Anzeiger newspaper begins publication.
  • 1895 - Lister Tower and Flusswasserkunst built.
  • 1896
    • Hannover 96 football club formed.
    • Holzmarkt Fountain installed.
  • 1897 - Music Conservatory established.
  • 1898 - Hannoversche Waggonfabrik (manufacturer) in business.

20th century

1900-1945
  • 1902 - Provincial museum built.[1]
  • 1903 - Vaterländisches Museum opens.
  • 1904 - Bismarck Tower erected.
  • 1907 - Bothfeld, Groß-Buchholz, Klein-Buchholz, Döhren, Kirchrode, Mecklenheide, Stöcken, and Wülfel become part of city.[3]
  • 1908 - Anti-noise society formed.[17]
  • 1911 - Schauburg (theatre) opens.
  • 1913 - New City Hall built in the Maschpark.
  • 1914
    • Stadthalle built.(de)
    • Stadtpark (Hannover) opens.
  • 1916
  • 1918
    • November: German Revolution of 1918–19.
    • Robert Leinert becomes mayor.
  • 1919
  • 1920
    • Linden becomes part of city.[3]
    • Hanover Cavalry School established.
  • 1921
    • Nazi Party branch established.[21]
    • Überlandwerke und Straßenbahnen Hannover AG (public transit entity) active.
    • Hindenburg Villa in use.
  • 1923
  • 1924 - Gustav Fink becomes mayor.
  • 1925
  • 1927 - Botanischer Schulgarten Burg (garden) established.[22]
  • 1936 - Maschsee (lake) created.
  • 1937 - Henricus Haltenhoff becomes mayor.
  • 1938 - November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
  • 1939
  • 1942 - Ludwig Hoffmeister becomes Staatskommissare.(de)
  • 1944
    • August: Hanover-Limmer concentration camp begins operating.
    • September: Hanover-Stöcken (Continental) concentration camp begins operating.
    • November: Hanover-Ahlem concentration camp established.
    • Egon Bönner becomes Staatskommissare.(de)
  • 1945
    • February: Hanover-Mühlenberg concentration camp begins operating.
    • 10 April: Allied forces arrive.
    • April–May: Mayor, Regierungspräsident, and Oberpräsident (local government officials) appointed.[23]

1946-1990s

21st century
  • 2001 - Gehry Tower built.
  • 2002 - Nord/LB headquarters built.
  • 2005 - Regional Lower Saxony State Archives established, including its Hanover office.[27]
  • 2006 - Stephan Weil becomes mayor.
  • 2008
    • Hannover City 2020 + urban planning process begins.[28]
    • Baitus Sami Mosque built.
  • 2013 - Stefan Schostok becomes mayor.
  • 2014 - Population: 523,642.

Images
  • Herrenhäuser Allee, laid out in 1726 (postcard from 1906)
  • Vaterländisches Museum, opened in 1903
  • Crowd outside house of Hindenburg on day he becomes President of Germany, 12 May 1925
  • Bombed wreckage of Old Town Hall, 1943
  • Flood, 1946

See also

Other cities in the state of Lower Saxony:(de)

References
  1. Britannica 1910.
  2. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.
  3. Mlynek 2009.
  4. Julius Petzholdt (1853), "Hannover", Handbuch Deutscher Bibliotheken (in German), Halle: H.W. Schmidt, OCLC 8363581
  5. "Ubersicht uber die Geschichte der Stadt-Bibliothek", Katalog der Stadt-bibliothek zu Hannover (in German), 1901
  6. "Nds. Staatstheater Hannover GmbH (NSH)". NLA Hannover (in German). Niedersächsisches Landesarchiv Hannover. Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  7. "Über uns: Geschichte" (in German). Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Bibliothek. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  8. Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
  9. Chambers 1901.
  10. Lindau 2000.
  11. Fischer 1899.
  12. "Germany: States of North Germany: Prussia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1869.
  13. Vernon N. Kisling, ed. (2000). "Zoological Gardens of Germany (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
  14. Magistrat 1908.
  15. "German Empire". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890.
  16. Königliche Museen zu Berlin (1904). Kunsthandbuch für Deutschland (in German) (6th ed.). Georg Reimer.
  17. Florence Feiereisen; Alexandra Merley Hill, eds. (2011). Germany in the Loud Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-987722-5.
  18. Heine 1994.
  19. Patrick Robertson (2011). Robertson's Book of Firsts. Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-60819-738-5.
  20. "Germany". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
  21. Farquharson 1973.
  22. "Garden Search: Germany". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  23. Marshall 1986.
  24. "March 24-April 6, 1947". Chronology of International Events and Documents. London: Royal Institute of International Affairs. 3. 1947. JSTOR 40545021.
  25. Mlynek 1991.
  26. "Stadtarchiv: Archivgeschichte". Hannover.de (in German). Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  27. "Niedersächsische Landesarchiv: Geschichte des Landesarchivs". Niedersachsen.de (in German). Retrieved 30 November 2015.
  28. "Hannover City 2020 +". Hannover.de (in German). Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Landeshauptstadt Hannover. Retrieved 30 November 2015.

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

in German

published in the 19th century
published in the 20th century
published in the 21st century
  • Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon (in German). 2002.
  • Hannover. Kunst- und Kultur-Lexikon (in German) (4th ed.). 2007.
  • Klaus Mlynek; et al., eds. (2009), Stadtlexikon Hannover (in German), Schlütersche, ISBN 9783842682078 – via Google Books(de)
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