PFC CSKA Moscow

Professional Football Club CSKA (Russian: Профессиональный футбольный клуб – ЦСКА, derived from the historical name 'Центральный спортивный клуб армии', English: Central Sports Club of the Army), commonly referred to as CSKA Moscow outside of Russia, or simply as CSKA [tsɛ ɛs ˈka], is a Russian professional football club. It is based in Moscow, playing its home matches at the 30,000-capacity VEB Arena. The club is the 2nd best known part of the CSKA Moscow sports club, following the hockey club.

"PFC CSKA" redirects here. For the Bulgarian football club, see PFC CSKA Sofia. For other uses, see CSKA.
For the whole sports club, see CSKA Moscow.
CSKA Moscow
Full nameПрофессиональный
футбольный клуб ЦСКА
Nickname(s)Koni (Horses)
Krasno-sinie (Red-blues)
Armeitsy (Militarians)
Founded27 August 1911 (1911-08-27)
GroundVEB Arena
Luzhniki Stadium (UEFA Champions League matches)
Capacity30,457
OwnerVEB.RF
PresidentYevgeni Giner
Head coachViktor Goncharenko
LeagueRussian Premier League
2018–194th
WebsiteClub website
Departments of CSKA Moscow
FootballFutsalBeach soccer
Basketball
(men's)		Basketball
(women's)		Ice hockey
Volleyball
(men's)		Volleyball
(women's)		Bandy
Handball
(men's)		Handball
(women's)		Water polo

Founded in 1911, CSKA is the oldest football club in Russia and it had its most successful period after World War II with five titles in six seasons. It won a total of 7 Soviet Top League championships and 5 Soviet Cups, including the double in the last-ever season in 1991. The club has also won 6 Russian Premier League titles as well as record 7 Russian Cups.

CSKA Moscow became the first club in Russia to win one of the European cup competitions, the UEFA Cup, after defeating Sporting CP in the final in Lisbon in 2005.

CSKA was the official team of the Soviet Army during the communist era. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union it has become privately owned. In 2012, the Ministry of Defence sold all of its shares (24,94%) to Bluecastle Enterprises Ltd,[1] a conglomerate owning 100% of the club since then. On 13 December 2019, state-owned development corporation VEB.RF announced they will take control of over 75% of club shares that were used as collateral by previous owners for the VEB Arena financing.[2] Russian businessman Roman Abramovich's Sibneft corporation was a leading sponsor of the club from 2004 to 2006.

History
Main article: List of PFC CSKA Moscow seasons

Officially, CSKA is a professional club and thus no longer a section of the Russian military's CSKA sports club. The Russian Ministry of Defense is a PFC CSKA shareholder, however, and the central club claims them as their own. The Moscow Army men won their 10th national title back in 2006 and they are one of the most successful clubs in Russian football, having an extensive legacy in Soviet football as well. CSKA won the Soviet championship seven times (1946, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1951, 1970, 1991), silver – 1938, 1945, 1949, 1990, bronze – 1939, 1955, 1956, 1958, 1964, 1965; the Soviet Cup five times (1945, 1948, 1951, 1955, 1991); the Russian Cup in 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013; won the Russian Premier League champions title in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2015–16 finishing second in 1998, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2010 and 2014–15, bronze 1999, 2007, 2012 and the Russian Super Cup in 2004, 2006, 2007, 2009,2012–13. After winning the Soviet championship in 1951, the club started the 1952 championship with 3 wins, but were forced to withdraw from the league as punishment for a disappointing showing of the Soviet Union football team at the Helsinki Olympics.[3] In 2004, the club received a major financial infusion from a sponsorship deal with Sibneft, an oil company owned by Russian billionaire Roman Abramovich. Abramovich did not take an ownership interest in the club, as he was the owner of English Premier League club Chelsea and UEFA rules allow only one club controlled by any one entity (person or corporation) to participate in European club competition in a given season. The partnership with Sibneft lasted until 2006, when VTB became the sponsor of the club. CSKA started 2009 without a shirt sponsor.

СDKA,СDSA

1945,1948,1951,1955 Soviet Cup final.

On 4 November 1992, CSKA qualified for the group stage of the UEFA Champions League which contained only 8 teams after defeating the defending champions FC Barcelona 4–3 on aggregate. They were later eliminated in the Semi-finals after losing to eventual Champions Olympique de Marseille 0–6 at Stade Vélodrome.

2010–present

On 16 March 2010, CSKA qualified for the quarterfinals of the UEFA Champions League after defeating Sevilla FC 3–2 on aggregate. They were later eliminated from competition by Internazionale, losing by 1–0 scorelines in both Milan and Moscow. On 7 December 2011, CSKA qualified for the knockout phase of the UEFA Champions League after winning crucial 3 points by defeating Internazionale with scoreline 1–2 in Milan.

On 6 October 2016, Finland announced that Roman Eremenko had been handed a 30-day ban from football by UEFA,[4] with UEFA announcing on 18 November 2016, that Eremenko had been handed a two-year ban from football due to testing positive for cocaine.[5]

On 6 December 2016, CSKA announced that manager Leonid Slutsky would leave the club after seven years at the club, following their last game of 2016, away to Tottenham Hotspur.[6] On 12 December, Viktor Goncharenko was announced as the club's new manager, signing a two-year contract.[7] On 21 July 2018, Goncharenko extended his contract until the end of the 2019/20 season.[8] During the summer of 2018 CSKA lost many of its leaders: Aleksei and Vasili Berezutski and Sergey Ignashevich finished their careers as professional players; Alexandr Golovin was bought by AS Monaco; Pontus Wernbloom became a PAOK player and Bibras Natkho went to Olympiacos. However, at the start of that season CSKA showed good results, being at the top-three in Russian champions table and beating Real Madrid in Champions League group stage in both home and away matches (1–0 in Moscow and 3–0 in Madrid).

On 13 December 2019, state-owned development corporation VEB.RF announced they will take control of over 75% of club shares that were used as collateral by previous owners for the VEB Arena financing.[2]

European
Main article: PFC CSKA Moscow in European football
CSKA Moscow team in 2011 against PAOK at a UEFA Europa League match
As of match played 7 November 2018
Competition P W D L GS GA %W Notes
European Cup/UEFA Champions League 102 33 24 45 121 153 032.35
UEFA Cup/UEFA Europa League 57 30 13 14 91 50 052.63 Champions (2004–05)
European Cup Winners' Cup / UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 4 2 0 2 5 5 050.00
UEFA Super Cup 1 0 0 1 1 3 000.00 Runners-up (2005)
Total 164 65 37 62 218 211 039.63

CSKA Moscow won their first, and so far only, European competition on 18 May 2005 in Lisbon, Portugal. Sergei Ignashevich lifted the 2005 UEFA Cup after CSKA ran out 3-1 winners over Sporting CP in Sporting's own Estádio José Alvalade stadium. Goals from Aleksei Berezutski, Yuri Zhirkov and Vágner Love saw CSKA become the first Russian club to win a major European title, as well as the first Russian club to complete a treble.

UEFA club coefficient ranking
As of 7 February 2020. Source:
RankTeamPoints
30 Sporting CP48.000
31 Schalke 0446.000
32 CSKA Moscow44.000
33 SC Braga41.000
34 SS Lazio41.000

Nickname

CSKA was nicknamed Horses because the first stadium was built on the old racecourse/hippodromo in Moscow.[9] It was considered offensive, but later it was transformed into The Horses, and currently this nickname is used by players and fans as the name, along with other variants such as Army Men (Russian: армейцы) and Red-Blues (Russian: красно-синие).

Names
  • 1911–22: Amateur Society of Skiing Sports (OLLS) (Russian: Общество Любителей Лыжного Спорта)
  • 1923: Experimental & Demonstrational Playground of Military Education Association (OPPV) (Russian: Опытно-Показательная Площадка Всеобуча)
  • 1924–27: Experimental & Demonstrational Playground of Military Administration (OPPV) (Russian: Опытно-Показательная Площадка Военведа)
  • 1928–50: Sports Club of Central House of the Red Army (CDKA) (Russian: Спортивный Клуб Центрального Дома Красной Армии)
  • 1951–56: Sports Club of Central House of the Soviet Army (CDSA) (Russian: Спортивный Клуб Центрального Дома Советской Армии)
  • 1957–59: Central Sports Club of the Ministry of Defense (CSK MO) (Russian: Центральный Спортивный Клуб Министерства Обороны)
  • 1960–: Central Sports Club of Army (CSKA) (Russian: Центральный Спортивный Клуб Армии)

Stadium
VEB Arena
CSKA Moscow fans

CSKA had its own stadium called "Light-Athletic Football Complex CSKA" and abbreviated as LFK CSKA. Its capacity is very small for a club of its stature; no more than 4,600 spectators. This is one of the primary reasons the club uses other venues in the city. Between 1961 and 2000, CSKA played their home games at the Grigory Fedotov Stadium. In 2007, the Grigory Fedotov Stadium was demolished in 2007, and ground was broken on the club's new stadium Arena CSKA later the same year. During construction of their new stadium, CSKA played the majority of their games at the Arena Khimki and Luzhniki Stadium. After several delays in its construction, Arena CSKA was official opened on 10 September 2016.[10]

On 28 February 2017, CSKA Moscow announced that they had sold the naming rights to the stadium to VEB, with the stadium becoming the VEB Arena.[11]

Supporters

CSKA Moscow Fans maintain good relations with the Polish supporters of Widzew Łódź as well and with the fans of Serbian FK Partizan and russians Dynamo Moscow and Greeks PAOK FC and Bulgarians CSKA Sofia

Famous fans

Players

Current squad
CSKA captain Igor Akinfeev
Alan Dzagoev
As of 1 June 2020[36]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
1 GK Ilya Pomazun
2 DF Mário Fernandes
5 DF Viktor Vasin
7 MF Ilzat Akhmetov
8 MF Nikola Vlašić
9 FW Fyodor Chalov
10 MF Alan Dzagoev
13 DF Nikita Kotin
14 DF Kirill Nababkin (vice-captain)
17 MF Arnór Sigurðsson
20 MF Konstantin Kuchayev
23 DF Hörður Björgvin Magnússon
No. Position Player
25 MF Kristijan Bistrović
27 DF Cédric Gogoua
29 MF Jaka Bijol
35 GK Igor Akinfeev (captain)
42 DF Georgi Shchennikov
62 DF Vadim Karpov
71 DF Nayair Tiknizyan
78 DF Igor Diveyev
87 MF Konstantin Maradishvili
98 MF Ivan Oblyakov
99 FW Ilya Shkurin
MF Khetag Khosonov

Out on loan
As of 1 June 2020[37]

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
FW Takuma Nishimura (at Vegalta Sendai until 1 January 2021)
No. Position Player
FW Timur Zhamaletdinov (at Lech Poznań until 30 June 2020)

Other players under contract

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Position Player
FW Vitali Zhironkin

Retired numbers

CSKA Women
Main article: ZFK CSKA Moscow

CSKA's women's football team was founded in 1990 and competed in Soviet Championship's second level. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union that same year, it registered in the Russian Supreme Division, where it competed for two seasons before it folded.

Following the disbanding of Zorky Krasnogorsk near the end of the 2015 Top Division, FK Rossiyanka filled its vacancy for the next season and the new team was registered as CSKA in the 2016 championship. Its first game, a 1–1 draw against Chertanovo, coincided with the 93rd anniversary of the CSKA's first football match.[38] CSKA ended the championship second-to-last, while Rossiyanka won its fifth title.

In July 2017, during the inter-season summer pause, it became a CSKA official section.[39] Two months later the team won its first title after defeating Chertanovo 1–0 in the Russian Cup final.

Club officials

Coaching history

Honours

Domestic

European

Non-official
1994
2007
2010
2013

Notable players

Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for CSKA.

Club records

Appearances
Igor Akinfeev is CSKA's most capped player with 584 appearances
As of match played 27 May 2019
Name Years League Cup Europe Other1 Total
1 Igor Akinfeev2003–present427 (0)40 (0)120 (0)13 (0)601 (0)[40]
2 Sergei Ignashevich2004–2018381 (35)39 (6)111 (5)9 (0)540 (46)[41]
3 Vasili Berezutski2002–2018376 (9)40 (0)105 (4)10 (0)531 (13)[42]
4 Aleksei Berezutski2001–2018341 (8)46 (0)106 (3)9 (0)502 (11)[43]
5 Vladimir Fedotov1960–1975382 (92)42 (8)3 (0)0 (0)427 (100)
6 Vladimir Polikarpov1962 - 1974341 (75)38 (8)4 (0)0 (0)383 (83)
7 Deividas Šemberas2002-2012254 (1)37 (0)70 (0)6 (1)367 (2)[44]
8 Elvir Rahimić2001–2014240 (6)36 (0)64 (0)7 (0)347 (6)[45]
9 Alan Dzagoev2008–present237 (53)26 (5)74 (17)5 (0)342 (75)[46]
10 Dmitri Bagrich1958-1970313 (1)18 (0)0 (0)0 (0)331 (1)[47]
11 Dmitri Galiamin1981–1991299 (3)29 (3)2 (0)0 (0)330 (6)[48]
12 Sergei Semak1994–2004282 (68)25 (9)21 (6)1 (0)329 (84)[49]
13 Volodymyr Kaplychnyi1966–1975288 (5)35 (1)4 (0)0 (0)327 (6)
14 Dmitri Kuznetsov1984–1991, 1992, 1997–1998292 (49)29 (5)2 (0)0 (0)323 (54)[50]
15 Evgeni Aldonin2004–2013213 (6)31 (5)66 (2)5 (0)315 (13)[51]
16 Georgi Shchennikov2008–present212 (4)24 (1)70 (3)7 (0)308 (8)[52]
17 Albert Shesternyov1959–1972278 (1)23 (0)4 (0)0 (0)305 (1)
18 Aleksey Grinin1939-1952246 (82)34 (18)0 (0)13 (4)293 (104)[53]
19 Yuri Chesnokov1975–1983252 (72)35 (14)2 (1)0 (0)289 (87)
20/ Valeriy Minko1989–2001242 (13)28 (0)15 (1)0 (0)285 (14)[54]

1Includes Russian Super Cup, Russian Premier League Cup and UEFA Super Cup.

Top goalscorers
As of Match played 23 November 2018
Vagner Love scored 124 goals in 259 games during his CSKA career
Name Years League Cup Europe Other1 Total
1 Grigory Fedotov1938–1949128 (160)10 (18)0 (0)18 (23)161 (196)[55]
2 Vágner Love2004–2011, 201385 (169)8 (27)30 (57)1 (6)124 (259)[56]
3 Valentin Nikolayev1940–195281 (201)23 (36)0 (0)14 (16)118 (253)[57]
4 Aleksey Grinin1939-195282 (246)18 (34)0 (0)4 (13)104 (293)
5 Vsevolod Bobrov1945–194984 (79)18 (20)0 (0)0 (0)102 (99)[58]
6 Vladimir Fedotov1960–197592 (382)8 (42)0 (3)0 (0)100 (427)[59]
7 Vladimir Dyomin1941-1952, 195480 (195)15 (35)0 (0)3 (8)98 (238)[60]
8 Seydou Doumbia2010–201466 (108)5 (11)23 (30)1 (1)95 (150)[61]
9 Boris Kopeikin1969-197771 (223)21 (37)2 (4)0 (0)94 (264)
10 Yuri Chesnokov1975–198372 (252)14 (35)1 (2)0 (0)87 (289)
11 Sergei Semak1994–200468 (282)9 (25)6 (21)0 (1)84 (329)[49]
12 Vladimir Polikarpov1962-197475 (341)8 (38)0 (4)0 (0)83 (383)
13 Valeri Masalitin1987-1989, 1990-1992, 199373 (134)5 (20)0 (2)0 (0)78 (156)
14 Alan Dzagoev2008–present53 (237)5 (26)17 (74)0 (5)75 (342)[46]
15 Aleksandr Tarkhanov1976–198461 (249)10 (33)1 (2)0 (0)72 (284)
16 Vladimir Kulik1997-200149 (140)14 (18)0 (4)- (-)63 (162)[62]
17 Ahmed Musa2012–2016, 201848 (135)6 (15)7 (32)0 (2)61 (184)[63]
18 Igor Korneev1985–199148 (144)9 (20)0 (2)0 (0)57 (166)
19 Dmitri Kuznetsov1984–1991, 1992, 1997–199849 (292)5 (29)0 (2)0 (0)54 (323)
20 Yuri Belyayev1951, 1955-196052 (112)2 (10)0 (0)0 (0)54 (122)

1Includes Russian Super Cup, Russian Premier League Cup and UEFA Super Cup.

References
  1. "Акционеры ПФК ЦСКА выкупили у Министерства обороны четверть акций клуба за 353 тысячи долларов". cskainfo.com. Retrieved 2019-04-09.
  2. "Армейцы обрели государственность" (in Russian). Kommersant. 13 December 2019.
  3. "Nordic Nonsense". www.rsssf.com. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
  4. "Roman Eremenko väliaikaiseen pelikieltoon". palloliitto.fi (in Finnish). Palloliitto. 6 October 2016. Archived from the original on 9 October 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2016.
  5. "Roman Eremenko: CSKA Moscow midfielder handed two-year ban for taking cocaine". bbc.co.uk. BBC Sport. 18 November 2016. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
  6. Леонид Слуцкий покидает ПФК ЦСКА. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). CSKA Moscow. 6 December 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
  7. Виктор Ганчаренко возглавил ПФК ЦСКА. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). PFC CSKA Moscow. 12 December 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  8. Виктор Ганчаренко подписал новый контракт с ПФК ЦСКА. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). PFC CSKA Moscow. 19 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
  9. "ПФК ЦСКА, ЗАО".
  10. Арена ЦСКА введена в эксплуатацию!. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). CSKA Moscow. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  11. "PFC CSKA seal naming rights deal with VEB". pfc-cska.com. CSKA Moscow. 28 February 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  12. "Александр Бабаков: Мы выдвигаем последовательность, системность и открытость. - VIPERSON". viperson.ru.
  13. "РОСГОССТРАХ - ЧЕМПИОНАТ РОССИИ. ПРЕМЬЕР-ЛИГА• НЕУЖЕЛИ 62 ГОДА НЕ СТОЯТ 62 ТЫСЯЧ ДОЛЛАРОВ?". www.sport-express.ru.
  14. "Алексей Булдаков: мою любовь к женщинам ценит жена". Ekaterinburg.teleweek.ru. 2011-09-14. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  15. "Игорь Бутман: Джаз молодит". Trud.ru. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  16. "Фарада Семён Львович". ЦСКА Москва.
  17. "Олег Газманов "Гимн спортсменам ЦСКА", Oleg Gazmanov "CS… – слушать онлайн бесплатно,". Archived from the original on 2015-02-11.
  18. В ожидании бульдозеров // Спорт-Экспресс 15 ноября 2002 года
  19. Красно-синий самый сильный! ISBN 978-5-699-33425-4
  20. "Кинчев: болею за ЦСКА, а хочу, чтобы чемпионом стал "Зенит"". Championat.com. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  21. "ЦСКА 100 лет. Леонид Куравлёв". Pfc-cska.com. 2011-08-26. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  22. "Отар Кушанашвили: 2010-й – год ЦСКА!//Футбол России". Rusfootball.info. 2011-10-28. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  23. "Боксёр Денис Лебедев придёт поддержать ЦСКА в игре со "Спартаком"". Championat.ru. 2011-04-29. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  24. "Егор Летов. Ответы на вопросы посетителей официального сайта Гражданской Обороны, 18.04.07". Gr-oborona.ru. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  25. "Леонид Слуцкий: "Совмещать посты годами невозможно"". 9 September 2015.
  26. "Цвета футбольной вражды". cskamoskva.ru.
  27. "Майя Плисецкая: Я обожаю футбол". Новые известия. 2004-11-29. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  28. "Пороховщиков: ЦСКА ох как не хватает Газзаева". Championat.ru. Archived from the original on 2012-01-22. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  29. "Актриса Наталья Селезнева в гостях у Петра Фадеева". Archived from the original on 2012-09-09.
  30. Максим, Шевченко. "Интервью / Максим Шевченко". Эхо Москвы.
  31. "Поэт футбола". Archived from the original on 2008-06-09.
  32. "Варлей Наталья Владимировна". ЦСКА Москва.
  33. "Директор Центра-музея Владимира Высоцкого Никита Высоцкий: "Отец умел поддержать проигравшего"". Sportsdaily.ru. 2009-01-24. Archived from the original on 2012-01-23. Retrieved 2011-12-09.
  34. "Топ-20 знаменитых армейских болельщиков". 27 May 2010.
  35. "Эксклюзивные интервью на Red-Army.Ru: Вячеслав Быков, Валерий Газзаев, Игорь Корнеев, Сергей Семак, Михаил Южный, Игорь Захаркин". www.red-army.ru. Archived from the original on 2016-04-11. Retrieved 2016-06-04.
  36. Основной состав. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 26 June 2018.
  37. Игроки в аренде. pfc-cska.com (in Russian). PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 31 August 2018.
  38. "ZFK CSKA Moscow". Archived from the original on 2018-03-16. Retrieved 2018-10-06.
  39. CSKA Moscow
  40. "Igor Akinfeev". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  41. "Sergei Ignashevich". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  42. "Vasili Berezutski". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  43. "Aleksei Berezutski". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  44. "Deividas Šemberas". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  45. "Elvir Rahimić". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  46. "Alan Dzagoev". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  47. Dmitriy Bagrich - cska-games.ru
  48. Dmitriy Galyamin - cska-games.ru
  49. "Sergei Semak". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  50. Dmitriy Kuznetsov - cska-games.ru
  51. "Evgeni Aldonin". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  52. "Georgi Shchennikov". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 27 May 2019.
  53. "Alexey Grinin". cska-games.ru. cska-games. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
  54. Valeriy Minko - cska-games.ru
  55. Grigory Fedotov's stats in cska-games.ru
  56. "Vagner Love". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  57. Valentin Nikolayev - cska-games.ru
  58. Vsevolod Bobrov - cska-games.ru
  59. Vladimir Fedorov - cska-games.ru
  60. Vladimir Dyomin - cska-games.ru
  61. "Seydou Doumbia". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  62. "Vladimir Kulik". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
  63. "Ahmed Musa". pfc-cska.com. PFC CSKA Moscow. Retrieved 15 August 2018.

Bibliography
  • Marc Bennetts, 'Football Dynamo – Modern Russia and the People's Game,' Virgin Books, (March 2009), 0753513196
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.