Nickel(II) nitrate

Nickel nitrate is the inorganic compound Ni(NO3)2 or any hydrate thereof. The anhydrous form is not commonly encountered, thus "nickel nitrate" usually refers to nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate. The formula for this species is written in two ways: Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and, more descriptively [Ni(H2O)6](NO3)2. The latter formula indicates that the nickel(II) center is surrounded by six water molecules in this hydrated salt. In the hexahydrate, the nitrate anions are not bonded to nickel. Also known are three other hydrates: Ni(NO3)2.9H2O, Ni(NO3)2.4H2O, and Ni(NO3)2.2H2O. Anhydrous Ni(NO3)2 is also known.[2]

Nickel(II) nitrate
Names
IUPAC name
Nickel(II) nitrate
Other names
Nickel nitrate
Nickelous nitrate
Nitric acid, nickel(2+) salt
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.032.774
EC Number
  • 238-076-4
UNII
Properties
Ni(NO3)2
Molar mass 182.703 g/mol (anhydrous)
290.79 g/mol (hexahydrate)
Appearance emerald green hygroscopic solid
Odor odorless
Density 2.05 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)
Melting point 56.7 °C (134.1 °F; 329.8 K) (hexahydrate)
Boiling point 136.7 °C (278.1 °F; 409.8 K) (hexahydrate)
243 (hexahydrate) g/100ml (0 °C)[1]
Solubility soluble in ethanol
+4300.0·10−6 cm3/mol (+6 H2O)
1.422 (hexahydrate)
Structure
monoclinic (hexahydrate)
Hazards
Safety data sheet External MSDS
Oxidant (O)
Carc. Cat. 1
Muta. Cat. 3
Repr. Cat. 2
Toxic (T)
Harmful (Xn)
Irritant (Xi)
Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases (outdated) R49, R61, R8, R20/22, R38, R41, R42/43, R48/23, R68, R50/53
S-phrases (outdated) S53, S45, S60, S61
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flash point Non-flammable
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1620 mg/kg (oral, rat)
Related compounds
Other anions
 Nickel(II) sulfate
Nickel(II) chloride
Other cations
 Palladium(II) nitrate
Related compounds
 Cobalt(II) nitrate
Copper(II) nitrate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

It is prepared by the reaction of nickel oxide with nitric acid:

NiO + 2 HNO3 + 5 H2O → Ni(NO3)2.6H2O

The anhydrous nickel nitrate is typically not prepared by the heating the hydrates. Rather is generated by reaction of hydrates with dinitrogen pentoxide or of nickel carbonyl with dinitrogen tetroxide:[2]

Ni(CO)4 + 2 N2O4 → Ni(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 CO

The hydrated nitrate is often used as a precursor to supported nickel catalysts.

Safety

Like other nitrates, nickel nitrate is oxidizing. It is also irritating to the eyes, skin and, upon inhalation of the dust, respiratory tract. It may cause skin allergy. Nickel nitrate is a carcinogen, along with most other nickel compounds. The nickel ion is also toxic to aquatic organisms.

Uses

Nickel(II) nitrate is used as the precursor for the explosive Nickel Hydrazine Nitrate, which is used as lead-free and safer alternative to Lead Azide and Lead Styphnate.

References
  1. Perry's Chem Eng Handbook, 7th Ed
  2. Keith Lascelles, Lindsay G. Morgan, David Nicholls, Detmar Beyersmann, "Nickel Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_235.pub2
Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitrate ion
HNO3 He
LiNO3 Be(NO3)2 B(NO
3)−
4		 RONO2 NO−
3
NH4NO3		 O FNO3 Ne
NaNO3 Mg(NO3)2 Al(NO3)3 Si P S ClONO2 Ar
KNO3 Ca(NO3)2 Sc(NO3)3 Ti(NO3)4 VO(NO3)3 Cr(NO3)3 Mn(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)3		 Co(NO3)2
Co(NO3)3		 Ni(NO3)2 CuNO3
Cu(NO3)2		 Zn(NO3)2 Ga(NO3)3 Ge As Se Br Kr
RbNO3 Sr(NO3)2 Y(NO3)3 Zr(NO3)4 Nb Mo Tc Ru(NO3)3 Rh(NO3)3 Pd(NO3)2
Pd(NO3)4		 AgNO3
Ag(NO3)2		 Cd(NO3)2 In Sn Sb(NO3)3 Te I Xe(NO3)2
CsNO3 Ba(NO3)2   Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt(NO3)2
Pt(NO3)4		 Au(NO3)3 Hg2(NO3)2
Hg(NO3)2		 TlNO3
Tl(NO3)3		 Pb(NO3)2 Bi(NO3)3
BiO(NO3)		 Po(NO3)4 At Rn
FrNO3 Ra(NO3)2   Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
↓
La(NO3)3 Ce(NO3)3
Ce(NO3)4		 Pr(NO3)3 Nd(NO3)3 Pm(NO3)3 Sm(NO3)3 Eu(NO3)3 Gd(NO3)3 Tb(NO3)3 Dy(NO3)3 Ho(NO3)3 Er(NO3)3 Tm(NO3)3 Yb(NO3)3 Lu(NO3)3
Ac(NO3)3 Th(NO3)4 PaO2(NO3)3 UO2(NO3)2 Np(NO3)4 Pu(NO3)4 Am(NO3)3 Cm(NO3)3 Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.