List of territories occupied by Imperial Japan
This is a list of regions occupied or annexed by the Empire of Japan until 1945, the year of the end of World War II in Asia, after the surrender of Japan. Control over all territories except the Japanese mainland (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku, and some 6,000 small surrounding islands) was renounced by Japan in the Unconditional Surrender after World War II and the Treaty of San Francisco. A number of territories occupied by the United States after 1945 were returned to Japan, but there are still a number of disputed territories between Japan and Russia (the Kuril Islands dispute), South Korea and North Korea (the Liancourt Rocks dispute), the People's Republic of China and Taiwan (the Senkaku Islands dispute).
Maximum extent of the Japanese empire
Japanese colonial empire | |
|---|---|
| 1895–1945[1] | |
.svg.png) | |
.svg.png) The Empire of Japan in 1942.
| |
| Status | Colonial empire |
| Capital | Tokyo |
| Common languages | Japanese Local: |
| History | |
• Established | 1895 |
• Disestablished | 1945[1] |
| Currency | Japanese yen, Japanese military yen, Korean yen, Taiwanese yen |
Pre-World War II
Colony
- Kuril Islands – 1875–1945 (Since the conclusion of Treaty of Saint Petersburg)
- Taiwan – 1895–1945
- Karafuto (South Sakhalin) – 1905–1945
- Kwantung Leased Territory – 1905–1945
- Korea – 1910–1945
- Shandong – formerly of German Empire – 1914–1922
- South Seas Mandate 1919–1945
World War II
| Imperial administraded territory | Japanese name | Date | Population est.(1943) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Sakhalin | Karafuto Prefecture (樺太庁) of Imperial Japan | prewar-1945 | 406,000 | |
| Mainland China | various | 1931–1945 | 200,000,000 (est) | Manchukuo 50 million (1940), Jehol, Kwantung Leased Territory, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, plus parts of : Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Fujian, Guizhou, Inner Mongolia |
| Japan | Naichi (内地) | prewar-1945 | 72,000,000 | Present day Japan, Kuril and Ryukyu Islands |
| Korea | Chosen (朝鮮) | prewar-1945 | 25,500,000 | Both North and South |
| Taiwan | Taiwan (臺灣) | prewar-1945 | 6,586,000 | |
| Hong Kong | Hong kong (香港) | December 12, 1941 – August 15, 1945 | 1,400,000 | Hong Kong (UK) |
| :: East Asia (subtotal) | Higashi azia (東アジア) | – | 306,792,000 | |
| Vietnam | Annan (安南) | July 15, 1940 – August 29, 1945 | 22,122,000 | As French Indochina |
| Cambodia | Kambojia (カンボジア) | July 15, 1940 – August 29, 1945 | 3,100,000 | As French Indochina, Japanese occupation of Cambodia |
| Laos | Raosu (ラオス) | July 15, 1940 – August 29, 1945 | 1,400,000 | As French Indochina, Japanese occupation of Laos |
| Thailand | Tai (タイ) | December 8, 1941 – August 15, 1945 | 16,216,000 | Independent State but Allied with Japan |
| Malaysia | Maraya （マラヤ), Kita Boruneo (北ボルネオ), Malai (マライ) | March 27, 1942 – September 6, 1945 (Malaya), March 29, 1942 – September 9, 1945 (Sarawak, Brunei, Labuan, North Borneo) | 4,938,000 plus 39,000 (Brunei) | As Malaya (UK), British Borneo (UK), Brunei (UK) |
| Philippines | Firipin (フィリピン) | May 8, 1942 – July 5, 1945 | 17,419,000 | Philippines (USA) |
| Dutch East Indies | Higashi Indo (東印度） | January 18, 1942 – October 21, 1945 | 72,146,000 | Dutch East Indies (NL) |
| Singapore | Syonan-to(昭南島) | February 15, 1942 – September 9, 1945 | 795,000 | Singapore (UK) |
| Myanmar | Biruma (ビルマ) | 1942–1945 | 16,800,000 | Burma (UK) |
| East Timor | Higashi Chimoru (東チモール） | February 19, 1942 – September 2, 1945 | 450,000 | Portuguese Timor |
| :: Southeast Asia (subtotal) | Tonan azia (東南アジア) | – | 155,452,000 | |
| New Guinea | Niuguinea (ニューギニア) | December 27, 1941 – September 15, 1945 | 1,400,000 | As Papua and New Guinea (Australia) |
| Guam | Ōmiya Island (大宮島) | January 6, 1942 – October 24, 1945 | from Guam (USA) | |
| South Seas Mandate | Nan'yō Guntō (南洋群島) | 1919–1945 | 129,000 | from German Empire |
| Nauru | Nauru (ナウル) | August 26, 1942 – September 13, 1945 | 3,000 | from United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand |
| Wake Island, US | Ōtori Island (大鳥島) | December 27, 1941 – September 4, 1945 | nil | USA |
| Kiribati | Kiribasu (キリバス) | December 1941 – January 22, 1944 | 28,000 | from Gilbert Islands (UK) |
| :: Pacific Islands (subtotal) | – | – | 1,433,000 | |
| :: Total Population | – | – | 463,677,000 |
Disclaimer: Not all areas were considered part of Imperial Japan but rather part of puppet states, included separately for demographic purposes. Sources: POPULSTAT Asia[3] Oceania[4]
Other occupied World War 2 islands:
- Andaman Islands (India) – March 29, 1942 – September 9, 1945
- Christmas Island (Australia) – March 1942 – October 1945
Areas attacked but not conquered
- Kohima and Manipur (India)
- Dornod (Khalkhin Gol, Mongolia)
- Midway Atoll (United States)
Raided without immediate intent of occupation
- Air raids
- Pearl Harbor (Hawaii, United States)
- Colombo and Trincomalee (Sri Lanka)
- Air raids on Australia, including:
- Dutch Harbor (Alaska, United States)
- Lookout Air Raids (Oregon, United States)
- Naval bombardment by submarine
- British Columbia (Canada)
- Santa Barbara (California, United States)
- Fort Stevens (Oregon, United States)
- Newcastle (New South Wales, Australia)
- Gregory (Western Australia, Australia)
- Midget sub attack
- Sydney (New South Wales, Australia)
- Diego Suarez (Madagascar)
See also
References
- Peattie 1988, p. 217.
- Leonard A. Humphreys (1995). 'The Way of the Heavenly Sword: The Japanese Army in the 1920s. Stanford University Press. p. 26.
- http://www.populstat.info/Asia/asia.html Populstat ASIA
- http://www.populstat.info/Oceania/oceania.html Populstat OCEANIA
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