List of headgear

This is an incomplete list of headgear (that is, anything worn on the head), both modern and historical.

Hermes wearing a hat. Ancient Greek Attic black-figure olpe, 550–530 BC. Louvre Museum, Paris.

Hats

Worn in the past, or rarely worn today
Shapes and styles of beaver hats 1776–1825

Men's
Ancient coins showing possible Persian tiara on Autophradates and Phrygian cap on Orontes I

Women's
Portrait of Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire wearing a Gainsborough hat, Thomas Gainsborough, Chatsworth House
  • Bandeau hat
  • Beaver
  • Beehive
  • Bergère hat
  • Bloomer
  • Bongrace – a velvet-covered headdress, stiffened with buckram – 16th century
  • Breton – originating in 19th-century France, a lightweight hat, usually in straw, with upturned brim all the way round
  • Capeline – 18th–19th century
  • Capotain (and men) – a tall conical hat, 17th century, usually black – also, copotain, copatain
  • Cartwheel hat – low crown, wide stiff brim
  • Cocktail hat
  • Doll hat – a scaled-down hat, usually worn tilted forward on the head
  • Gainsborough hat – a very large hat often elaborately decorated with plumes, flowers, and trinkets
  • Half hat – a millinery design that only covers part of the head and may be stiffened fabric or straw
  • Hennin
  • Kokoshnik
  • Nón lá, Vietnam
  • Nón quai thao, Vietnam
  • Ochipok
  • Pamela hat
  • Pussyhat - a pink, knitted hat created in large numbers by thousands of participants involved with the United States 2017 Women's March
  • Tantour

Unclassified
The traditional bonnet of the Kilwinning Archers of Scotland.
  • Archer's bonnet
  • Balibuntal – straw hat from the Philippines
  • Castor or caster – beaver or rabbit (see beaver hat)
  • Chip hat
  • Cloche
  • Cockle hat
  • Cony or coney
  • Coolie hat
  • Copintank, also copentank, coptank, copitaine
  • Cordies
  • Cossack hat
  • Demicastor hat
  • Directoire
  • Dolly Varden
  • Fan-tail hat
  • Flat
  • Garbo hat
  • Garibaldi hat
  • Gipsy hat
  • Golden hat – from Bronze Age Europe
  • Gossamer hat
  • Grebe hat
  • Halo hat – millinery design in which the headgear creates a circular frame for the face, creating a halo effect.[1]
  • Hat Terrai Gurkha, worn only by Gurkha Contingent officers in Singapore
  • Homburg; a black Homburg was also known as an "Anthony Eden" (after the politician Anthony Eden)
  • Hunting hat
  • Jaapi of Assam, India
  • Jerry
  • Kausia
  • Kevenhuller
  • Kiss-me-quick hat
  • Leghorn hat
  • Mandarin hat
  • Manilla hat
  • Marquis hat
  • Matinée hat
  • Merry Widow hat
  • Moab
  • Montera
  • Mourning hat
  • Mousquetaire
  • Müller hat
  • Mushroom
  • Petasos
  • Pill box hat
  • Quadricorn – a four-cornered hat.[2]
  • Sugar loaf
  • Veiled hat, also bird cage hat.

Caps

Caps worn by men in the past, or rarely worn today

Caps worn by women in the past

Caps worn on ceremonial occasions

Bonnets

Bonnets for women
Old woman in sunbonnet (c. 1930). Photograph by Doris Ulmann
  • Cabriolet
  • Capote – soft crown, rigid brim, nineteenth century
  • Chip bonnet
  • Gypsy bonnet – shallow to flat crown, saucer shaped, and worn by tying it on with either a scarf or sash, under the chin, or at the nape of the neck – nineteenth Century
  • Kiss-me-quick
  • Leghorn bonnet
  • Mourning bonnet
  • Poke bonnet – Early nineteenth century, "Christmas Carol" style, with a cylindrical crown and broad funnel brim
  • Ugly – a kind of retractable visor that could be attached to bonnets for extra protection from the sun, nineteenth century

Bonnets for men

Helmets

See Types of helmet

Hoods
Capirote during procession, exist in various colours
  • Bashlyk
  • Bongrace, the stiffened back of the hood when flipped over the forehead to provide shade; also a separate headdress to provide shade, worn with a hood or coif, Tudor/Elizabethan
  • Bonnet head
  • Capirote, traditionally worn by the Nazarenos of a Spanish Brotherhood during solemn penitence
  • Chaperon (headgear) adaptable late Middle Ages "dead-chicken" hood and hat
  • Flemish hood
  • French hood
  • Gable hood
  • Hood – modern or historical, attached to tops or shirts, overcoats, cloaks, etc.
  • Mary Queen of Scots
  • Medieval hood
  • Mourning hood
  • Riding hood
  • Stuart hood

Headbands, headscarves, wimples
An Iraqi girl wearing a headscarf in downtown Baghdad (April 2005).

Masks, veils and headgear that covers the face
Victor Oladipo wearing some protective headgear
  • See Mask for a fuller list of masks.
  • Balaclava (helmet) or ski mask
  • Battoulah
  • Bongrace – a shade for the face, sometimes part of a hood, or a separate garment worn with a hood or coif; Tudor/Elizabethan
  • Boushiya
  • Burqa, also burka, burga, burqua
  • Diving mask
  • Full-face diving mask
  • Gas mask
  • Orthodontic Facemask
Orthodontic facemask being prepared for fitting to this adolescent female patient - 16 hours daily wear

Other headdress

Women's

Men's
  • Arab headdress
    • A white cap or skullcap: * taqiya, also tagiyah, gahfiah
    • covered by the flowing scarf: ghutrah, also gutra, smagh, shmagh, kaffiyeh, kufiyyeh, keffiyeh, keffiyah, kaffiye, keffiya
    • Kept in place by a band around the cap and scarf: igal, also egal, agal, aqal, ogal
  • Bandana, also bandanna
  • Do-rag
  • Stocking cap
  • Topor – Bengali men's wedding headgear
  • Upe
  • Visor

Jeweled
Ming Dynasty queen's headdress with cloisonné, pearls, gems, and gold

Wigs

Headgear organised by function

Religious

Buddhist
  • Gasa
  • Pan Zva (Hat with the long ears from the Pandita of Nyingma.)

Christian

Hindu
  • Mukut – Crown worn by Hindu deities
  • Pagri – Indian Hindu turban
  • Pheta – Marathi turban
  • Rasam Pagri – religious ceremony of the turban
  • Sarpech – ornament worn with turban

Jewish
  • Havalim (חֲבָליִם) ropes that are referenced in Kings I 20:31. Used as a sign of mourning.
  • Kashket
  • Kippah or yarmulke
  • Kolpik
  • Migba'at was likely a cone-shaped Turban. This turban was likely only worn in the context of the priesthood and is cited in Exodus 27:20–30.
  • Mitznefet was most likely a classic circular turban. This is derived from the fact that Hebrew word Mitznefet comes from the root "to wrap." This turban was likely only worn in the context of the priesthood and is cited in Exodus 27:20–30.
  • Pe’er mentioned in Ezekiel 24: 17;23. In verse 17, Ezekiel commands the Israelites to “wrap their” Pe’ers around their heads. In verse 23, Ezekiel tells the Israelite that their Pe’er's "shall remain on your heads.” ("Pe'er" (which translates into "splendor") is usually used to refer to phylacteries (tefillin))
  • Sheitel is a wig worn by some married women in order to maintain marital modesty in public
  • Shtreimel
  • Spodik
  • Gargush
  • Sudra (סודרא) is a headdress, similar to the keffiyah worn by Jewish men in the ancient near-east.

Muslim

Sikh
  • Sikh turban

Military and police
  • Barretina
  • Bearskin
  • Beefeaters' hat
  • Beret
  • Bersagliere
  • Bicorne
  • Boonie hat
  • Busby
  • Campaign hat, also drill instructor hat, drill sergeant hat, ranger hat, sergeant hat, Smokey Bear hat
  • Cap comforter, a woollen hat associated with British Commandos
  • Caubeen
  • Chapeau-bras, also chapeau de bras – 18th to early-19th-century folding bicorne hat carried under one arm
  • Combination cap, also service cap, combination cover, peaked cap
  • Custodian helmet, headwear of the British police officer, ranks of Sergeant and Constable
  • Envelope Busby or Astrakhan, worn by Officer Cadets of the Royal Military College of Canada
  • Feather bonnet
  • Flying helmet – closely fitting solid helmet designed to resist impacts within the cockpit of military aircraft – colloquially known as a 'bone dome'
  • Garrison cap, also campaign cap, wedge cap, flight cap, garrison hat, overseas cap
  • Glengarry, also Glengarry bonnet, Glengarry cap
  • Hardee hat
  • Helmet
  • Jeep cap
  • Kartus – a peakless cap worn by the Swedish army during the Great Northern War. Called the Kabuds by the Danish and Norwegians and the Kartooze by the Russians, nations which also adopted it
  • Kepi
  • Mirliton – a high tubular concave hat with a "wing", worn by hussars in the 18th and early 19th centuries
  • Mitre
  • Patrol cap
  • Pickelhaube – a spiked German leather helmet.
  • Sailor cap, also known as "white hat" or "dixie cup" in the US Navy
  • Shako
  • Shaguma - Yak-hair headdress used by early Imperial Japanese Army generals
  • Slouch hat – One side of hat droops down as opposed to the other which is pinned against the side of the crown
  • Tarleton helmet – A leather helmet with a large crest. Popular with cavalry and light infantry in the late 18th and early 19th century. Named after British military commander, Banastre Tarleton.
  • Tricorn – Three-cornered hat synonymous with the 18th century. Worn by musketeers, dragoons and cuirassiers of all western armies, also often by French grenadiers (which was uncommon considering that most grenadiers at the time wore mitres or bearskins).
  • War bonnet, the feathered headdress worn warriors and chiefs of Plains Indians.

Officials and civil workers

China (historical)

Other specialist headgear

National dress; association with a country, people and religion
Afghan boys wearing traditional headgear. Kunduz, Afghanistan (June 2003).
A young Albanian wearing Qeleshe (also called Plis).
Ti'i langga, a Rote islander attempt to copy the 16th-century European headgear.

See also

References
  1. Chico, Beverly (2013). Hats and Headwear around the World: A Cultural Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO LLC. pp. 211–12. ISBN 9781610690621. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
  2. Lewandowski, Elizabeth J. (2011). The complete costume dictionary. Lanham, Md.: Scarecrow Press, Inc. p. 243. ISBN 9780810840041.
  3. The Concise Scots Dictionary. Aberdeen University Press. 1987. p. 296. ISBN 0-08-028492-2.
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