List of Spider-Man enemies

Spider-Man is a fictional superhero in the Marvel Universe debuting in the anthology comic book series issue Amazing Fantasy #15 (August 1962) in the Silver Age of Comics published by Marvel Comics. After his debut he would get his own comic book entitled The Amazing Spider-Man. The comic book series would introduce many of what would become his major supervillain adversaries. Spider-Man would then be popular enough for more Spider-Man comic spinoffs (The Spectacular Spider-Man, Marvel Team-Up, Web of Spider-Man, Peter Parker: Spider-Man etc.) which introduced more recurring enemies of the web-slinger.

MorbiusHydro-ManWill o' the WispKingpinCarnageSwarmLizardSandmanScarecrowScorpionTarantulaVultureKraven the HunterHobgoblinGreen GoblinVenomMolten ManElectroHammerheadMysterioDoctor Octopus
Depiction of the many Spider-Man villains in a dream sequence of Spider-Man in The Sensational Spider-Man (vol. 2) #32. Art by Sean Chen. (Click on the character's face to identify the character's name and to learn more about the character.)

As with Spider-Man, the villains' powers originate with scientific accidents or the misuse of scientific technology and also tend to have animal-themed costumes or powers (Vulture, Doctor Octopus, Beetle, Lizard, Rhino, Scorpion, Jackal and Black Cat). There also are supervillains with the powers over the elements (Sandman, Shocker, Electro, Molten Man and Hydro-Man), some that are horror-themed (the Goblins, Morbius, Morlun, and the Symbiotes), some that are crime lords (Kingpin, Tinkerer, Tombstone, Hammerhead, Silvermane and Mister Negative),[1] and some that are masters of trickery and illusion (Chameleon and Mysterio).[2] These villains oftentimes form teams such as the Sinister Six to oppose the superhero.

The rogues gallery of Spider-Man has garnered positive critical acclaim and has been considered as one of the greatest rogues galleries of all time.

Debuting in Spider-Man titles
Stan Lee is responsible with helping create the most villains for the web-slinger and helped pave the way for the fictional rogues gallery.

The majority of supervillains depicted in Spider-Man comics first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man, while some first appeared in spinoff comics such as The Spectacular Spider-Man and Marvel Team-Up and other titles.

The Amazing Spider-Man debuts
See also: List of The Amazing Spider-Man issues

Most of the supervillains of Spider-Man would be introduced in The Amazing Spider-Man comic book starting with the Chameleon.[3] The early villains would be introduced in the 1960s during the Silver Age of Comic Books,[3] and created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko.[3] John Romita Sr. replaced Ditko starting with the Rhino.[4] Gerry Conway later replaced Stan Lee and helped create new adversaries for the web-slinger and also helped pave the way for the Bronze Age of Comic Books with the death of Spider-Man's long time romantic interest, Gwen Stacy.[5][6][7] Many collaborators would soon take over The Amazing Spider-Man title. One of the more popular examples included Todd McFarlane's Venom in the Modern Age of Comic Books.[8]

Note: Alter ego characters who are the most high profile in the supervillain alias but have shared that alias with others are in bold. Alter egos listed having N/A use their real name as the supervillain name. In chronological order.

Name Notable alter ego First appearance issue # Creator Descriptions
Chameleon1 Dmitri Anatoly Nikolayevich Smerdyakov #1 (March 1963)[3][9] Stan Lee[3][9]
Steve Ditko[3][9]		 A master of disguise who can make himself look like anybody.[3][9]
Vulture Adrian Toomes
Blackie Drago		 #2 (May 1963)[10][11] Stan Lee[10][12]
Steve Ditko[10]		 An inventor who created mechanical wings which allowed him to fly and granted superhuman strength.[13]
Tinkerer Phineas Mason #2 (May 1963)[14] Stan Lee
[15] Steve Ditko[15]		 A gifted engineer who specializes in creating gadgets from just about anything.[15]
Doctor OctopusArch1 Doctor Otto Gunther Octavius #3 (July 1963)[9] Stan Lee[16][17]
Steve Ditko[16][17]		 Originally a brilliant scientist, his greatest invention, a set of metallic limbs, became fused to his body by an accident which caused his insanity. He has telepathic control of these arms, which are strong enough to physically hurt Spider-Man.[18]
Sandman2 William Baker / Flint Marko #4 (September 1963)[19][20] Stan Lee[19][20]
Steve Ditko[19][20]		 After being caught in a nuclear accident, his body merged with sand which can manipulate in many ways, such as shapeshifting (he's often shown increasing his size, using his sand to form his limbs into blunt weapons, and forming a near impenetrable wall of sand), increasing his density and strength to lift up to 85 tons, and creating a dust storm from his body.[21]
Lizard Dr. Curt Connors #6 (November 1963)[22][23][24] Stan Lee[22][23][24]
Steve Ditko[22][23][24]		 Dr. Curt Connors injected himself with an experimental serum made from reptile DNA which transformed him into a humanoid lizard. As the Lizard, he has regeneration abilities, along with superhuman strength, speed, and agility. He has sometimes been shown as being able to telepathically command all reptiles within a one-mile radius.[25]
Living Brain[26] N/A #8 (January 1964)[27] Stan Lee[27]
Steve Ditko[27]		 A living robot that is designed to solve any problem.[27]
Electro3 Maxwell Dillon #9 (February 1964)[28][29] Stan Lee[30]
Steve Ditko[30]		 As a lineman for an electric company, he was repairing a power line and holding a wire when lightning struck and altered his nervous system, turning him into him a living electrical capacitor. He gained the power of electric manipulation, such as being able to fire up to one million volts of electricity from his fingertips. He also has superhuman strength, increased speed (while his body is electrically charged), can glide over power lines, and ride lightning bolts.[31]
Big Man Frederick Foswell #10 (March 1964)[32] Stan Lee[32]
Steve Ditko[32]		 A notorious crime lord of New York City.[32]
Mysterio4 Quentin Beck #13 (June 1964)[33][34] Stan Lee[33][35]
Steve Ditko[33][35]		 A master of illusion, Mysterio uses special effects, hypnosis, and an extensive knowledge of chemistry and robotics to trick his enemies.[34]
Green Goblin[36]Arch2 Norman OsbornArch2
Harry Osborn[37][38]		 #14 (July 1964)[36] Stan Lee[36][39]
Steve Ditko[36][39]		 The first Green Goblin, Norman Osborn, is the CEO of Oscorp and has Powers derived from a "Goblin formula" that increases agility, endurance, strength, and reflexes to superhuman levels. The formula has also advances the intelligence while causing insanity as a side effect. he uses an arsenal of weapons created by Oscorp, such as pumpkin bombs and a personal glider.[36]
Kraven the Hunter5 Sergei Kravinoff
Alyosha Kravinoff (son)
Ana Kravinoff (daughter)		 #15 (August 1964)[40] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 Depicted as the world's greatest big-game hunter, Kraven the Hunter is the stepbrother of Chameleon and prefers hand-to-hand combat instead of the weaponry employed by many villains, his physical abilities boosted by a "magic jungle potion" which helps with speed, strength, and game tracking.[41]
Scorpion6 Mac Gargan6 #20 (January 1965) Stan Lee[42]
Steve Ditko[42]		 A former private investigator. Endured a test that made him more powerful than Spider-Man but also insane. It gave him superhuman strength of a scorpion. He was then provided with a scorpion themed suit and weaponry (such as a tail which evolved from a simple club tail to a scythe-like spike capable of shooting lasers, acid among other projectiles). Gargan also gained power when switching to the Scorpion to being one of the characters known as Venom. See Venom's power and abilities below to see that power.[43][44]
Spencer Smythe / Spider-Slayers #25 (June 1965)[32] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 A robotic expert who created the Spider-Slayers.
Crime Master[45] Various #26 (July 1965)[32] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 A professional criminal who was the alias of different people.
Molten Man[46] Mark Raxton[46] #28 (September 1965)[47] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 A scientist who was covered in a liquid metallic alloy that not only gives him super-strength, but also enabled him to generate heat and radiation.
Looter[48][49] Norton G. Fester #36 (May 1966)[47] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 A poor scientist who gains superpowers from meteor gas.
Robot Master / Gaunt Mendel Stromm #37 (June 1966)[32][50] Stan Lee
Steve Ditko		 A former college teacher and partner of Norman Osborn that became a cyborg after being betrayed by Osborn.
Rhino7 Aleksei Mikhailovich Sytsevich #41 (October 1966)[51] Stan Lee[4]
John Romita Sr.[4]		 Although classified as a fictional villain famous for being dimwitted.[52] He has superhuman strength with a rhinoceros modeled armor when undergoing a chemical and radiation treatment which would transform him as being a collective of professional spies.[53]
Shocker Herman Schultz #46 (March 1967)[43][54] Stan Lee[55]
John Romita Sr.[55]		 Wears a battle suit that contains vibro-shock gauntlets.[43][55]
Kingpin8 Wilson Fisk #50 (July 1967) ("Spider-Man No More!")[56][57] Stan Lee[58]
John Romita Sr.[58]		 Depicted as crime lord of New York City. Manipulate henchman to do his bidding. His body consists of mostly muscle (despite looking like he is obese) that has much strength and agility. Enough to grapple and hammer Spider-Man.[59][60]
Finisher Karl Fiers Annual #5 (November 1968)[61] Stan Lee[61]
Larry Lieber[61]
Man Mountain Marko[62] Michael Marko #73 (June 1969)[32] Stan Lee
John Romita Sr.		 A mob lieutenant with super-strength
Silvermane[63] Silvio Manfredi #73 (June 1969)[64] Stan Lee
John Buscema[32]		 An aging crime boss.
Kangaroo[48][65] Frank Oliver[66]
Brian Hibbs		 #81 (February 1970)[32] Stan Lee
John Buscema
Jim Mooney
John Romita, Sr.[65]		 A name given to two kangaroo-themed villains.
Schemer[32] Richard Fisk #83 (April 1970) Stan Lee
John Romita Sr.		 The son of Kingpin.
Morbius[67][68] Michael Morbius #101 (October 1971)9[69] Roy Thomas[69]
Gil Kane[32]		 Has the power of a vampire along with their weaknesses.[67]
Gog N/A #103 (December 1971)[32] Roy Thomas
Gil Kane
Gibbon[70] Martin Blank #110 (July 1972)[32] Stan Lee
John Romita Sr.[70]		 A lesser criminal with gibbon-like abilities.
Hammerhead[67][71][72] Joseph (full name unknown)[73] #113 (October 1972)[74] Gerry Conway
John Romita Sr.[75]		 An amnesica gangster whose skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy.
Man-Wolf[76] John Jameson #124 (September 1973).[32] Gerry Conway[75] When exposed to the Godstone, John Jameson transforms into the werewolf-like creature Man-Wolf.
Jackal[77] Miles Warren #129 (February 1974)10[77] Gerry Conway[77]10
Ross Andru[77]10		 Brilliant professor with the knowledge of cloning and using it to torment Spider-Man emotionally.[67]
Tarantula Various #134 (July 1974)[32][64] Gerry Conway
Ross Andru		 A name given to different tarantula-themed villains.
Mindworm[78] William Turner #138 (November 1974) Gerry Conway[32]
Ross Andru[32]		 A superhuman with telepathic powers.
Grizzly[79] Maxwell Markham #139 (December 1974)[80] Gerry Conway
Ross Andru		 An ex-professional wrestler that wears a grizzly bear-themed outfit.
Human Fly[66] Richard Deacon Annual #10[81] (1976) Len Wein
Bill Mantlo
Gil Kane		 A criminal that was imprinted with the genetic code of a housefly.
Will o' the Wisp[32] Jackson Arvad #167 (April 1977) Len Wein
Ross Andru		 A former Roxxon employee who can manipulate his molecules.
Big Wheel[48] Jackson Wheele[66] #182 (July 1978)[32] Marv Wolfman
Ross Andru
Mike Esposito		 A criminal that rides the Big Wheel vehicle.
Black Cat11 Felicia Hardy #194 (July 1979)[82] Marv Wolfman
Keith Pollard[82]		 Expert burglary skills taught by her father along with carrying a grappling hook for swinging on rooftops.[1] Had bad luck powers off and on.[83]
Calypso Calypso Ezili #209 (October 1980)[84] Dennis O'Neil
Alan Weiss		 A voodoo accomplice of Kraven the Hunter.
Hydro-Man[1] Morris Bench #212 (January 10, 1981)[85][86] Denny O'Neil
John Romita Jr.		 A former crewman who gained aquakinetic abilities following an accident during Spider-Man's fight with Namor.
Hobgoblin Roderick Kingsley
Jason Macendale
Phil Urich[68][87]		 #238 (March 1983) Roger Stern[88][89]
John Romita Sr.[89][90]		 Powers similar to Green Goblin after discovering Norman's lair. Perfecting Green Goblin's strength portion, goblin glider and pumpkin bombs without the insanity that Norman had.[89][91][92]
Rose[93][94] Richard Fisk #253 (June 1984)[84] Tom DeFalco The alias of a gentleman-like crime lord with the alias used by different people most notably Kingpin's son Richard Fisk.
Alistair Smythe Alistair Smythe[92] Annual #19 (November 1985)[95][96] Louise Simonson
Mary Wilshire[50]		 The son of Spencer Smythe.
Slyde[66] Jalome Beacher #272 (January 1986)[97] Tom DeFalco
Sal Buscema		 A chemist whose suit allow him to move at nearly 30 miles per hour (48 km/h). He is almost impossible to grasp and he is incredibly maneuverable
VenomArch3 Eddie BrockArch3
Mac Gargan		 #30012[8][98] Todd McFarlane[99] The symbiote that once merged with Spider-Man as a suit mimics and enhances the abilities of Spider-Man once bonded with Eddie.[99] Also he is undetectable to Spider-Man's spider sense.[100]
Styx and Stone[48] Jacob Eishorn and Gerald Stone #309 (November 1988)[101] David Michelinie
Todd McFarlane		 A mad scientist and homeless man duo who fought Spider-Man. Styx has a disintegrating touch. Stone had two-large weapons on his shoulders and was later mutated into a golem-like creature.
Carnage Cletus Kasady #361 (April 1992)13[102] David Michelinie[103][104]
Erik Larsen[105]
Mark Bagley[103]		 Being an offspring of Venom. Carnage is an even stronger and more powerful character than Venom with his symbiotic powers. He can shapeshift himself such as creating sharp weapons with his symbiote body. He can also plant ideas in people's heads.[102]
Black Tarantula Carlos LaMuerto #419 (January 1997)[50] Tom DeFalco
Steve Skroce		 A tarantula-themed martial artist.
Morlun[67][68] N/A vol. 2 #30 (June 2001)[78] J. Michael Straczynski
John Romita Jr.		 A member of the Inheritors who can drain the life force out of totems.
Shathra N/A vol. 2 #46 (December 2006) J. Michael Straczynski
John Romita Jr.
Scott Hanna		 An insectoid creature from the Astral Plane.
Grey Goblin Gabriel Stacy
Lily Hollister (Menace)[72]		 #509 (August 2004)
#550 (April 2008) (Menace)[106]		 J. Michael Straczynski
Mike Deodato		 A gray-resembling Green Goblin whose alias was used by different people.
Mister Negative[68] Martin Li #546 (January 2008) (full appearance)[107] Dan Slott
Phil Jimenez		 The leader of the Inner Demons who is able to switch between reversed and regular appearance
Overdrive[72] ??? Swing Shift (May 2007)[108] Dan Slott
Phil Jimenez		 A supervillain who can convert any vehicle into a high-powered one.
Screwball ??? #559 (May 2008) Dan Slott
Marcos Martín		 The world's first "live-streaming super-villain"
Massacre[109][110] Marcus Lyman #655 (April 2011)[111][112][113] Dan Slott
Marcos Martín		 A brain-damaged criminal who lacks emotions.
Panda-Mania ??? Vol. 3 #1 Dan Slott
Humberto Ramos		 A giant panda-themed supervillain.
Regent Augustus Roman Vol. 4 #1 Dan Slott
Christos Gage
Paco Diaz		 The CEO of Empire Unlimited whose suit enables him to copy the powers of anyone imprisoned in his stasis tubes. A version of the character from Earth-18119 first appeared in Amazing Spider-Man: Renew Your Vows as part of the "Secret Wars" storyline.
Kindred ??? Vol. 5 #5 Nick Spencer
Ryan Ottley		 An unidentified human-turned-demon who had an as-yet-unrevealed past with Spider-Man.

The Spectacular Spider-Man debuts

Note: In chronological order.

Name Alter ego First appearance Description
Carrion Various The Spectacular Spider-Man #25 (December 1978)[32][78] The first Carrion is a clone of Jackal.
Iguana N/A #32 (July 1979. An accident occurs while Dr. Curt Connors experiments on an ordinary iguana, endowing the iguana with part of Connors' lifeforce and memories, as well as the personality and powers of Connors' alter ego, the Lizard. The Iguana becomes a human-sized semi-humanoid reptile with superhuman strength, hypnotic powers, and the ability to mentally control other reptiles.[114][115] The Iguana encounters and battles Spider-Man, and is turned back into a normal iguana.[116]
Answer[78] Aaron Nicholson 91(June 1984)[117]
Spot[48][118] Jonathan Ohnn #98 (January 1985)[119] A scientist with the ability to create portals that lead to an alternate dimension and instantly cross short distances
Foreigner[78] Kris Keating #115 (June 1986)[120] A master mercenary and assassin.
Sin-Eater[78] Stanley Carter #107 (October 1986)[121] Multiple abilities ranging from artificially heightened physicality, to supernatural energy manipulation and self-healing. Was instrumental in the creation of Venom, and is also a reoccurring villain of Ghost Rider.
Lobo Brothers Carlos and Eduardo Lobo #149 (October 1988) Two brothers who become werewolves
Demogoblin N/A #147 (February 1989) (as Hobgoblin)[32]
Web of Spider-Man #86 (March 1992)[50]		 A demon from Limbo.

Marvel Team-Up debuts

Note: In chronological order.

Name Alter ego First appearance Creator Description
Stegron[48] Vincent Stegron Marvel Team-Up (1st series) #19 (March 1974)[64] Len Wein
Gil Kane		 A scientist who became a humanoid Stegosaurus using the same method that turned Curt Connors into Lizard.
White Rabbit[32] Doctor Lorina Dodson Marvel Team-Up #131 (July 1983)[122] J. M. DeMatteis[122]
Kerry Gammill[122]
Mike Esposito[122]
Black Abbot N/A Marvel Team-Up #147 (November 1984) Cary Burkett
Greg LaRocque		 The Black Abbott was once a monk of Dakoth-Kuru, a sect that had managed to use their teachings to unlock the full potential of their minds, giving them incredible mental powers. The Black Abbot had more powers, the ability to control the twelve others and took control of the entire brotherhood.
Incandescent Man N/A Marvel Team-Up #149 (January 1985) Louise Simonson
Bret Blevins		 Incandescent Man was a product of an experiment by Project Pegasus that will draw electrical energy into one's body.

Debuting in other Spider-Man titles

Note: In chronological order.

Name Alter ego First appearance Creator Description
Tombstone Lonnie Thompson Lincoln Web of Spider-Man #36 (March 1988)[50] Gerry Conway
Alex Saviuk		 An albino mob enforcer.
Shriek Frances Louise Barrison Spider-Man Unlimited #1 (May 1993)[78] Ron Lim
Mark Bagley
Mike W. Barr
Tom DeFalco
Jerry Bingham
Terry Kavanagh		 A sound-manipulating supervillain.

Debuting outside Spider-Man titles
Name Alter ego First appearance Description
Beetle Abner Jenkins Strange Tales #123 (August 10, 1964)[50] A master mechanic who wore a beetle-themed armor.
Boomerang[66] Fred Myers Tales to Astonish #81 (July 10, 1966)[50] A former baseball player who throws boomerangs.
Ringer[123][124] Anthony Davis Defenders #51 (June 1977)[84]|} A supervillain who wields ring-based weapons.
Swarm[48] Fritz von Meyer Champions #14 (July 1977)[32] A former Nazi and beekeeper whose skeleton is surrounded by a swarm of bees.
Jack O'Lantern[68] Jason Macendale Machine Man #19 (February 1981)[50] A jack-o'-lantern-themed villain whose alias was used by different people.
Speed Demon James Sanders Avengers #70 (November 1969) (as the Whizzer)
The Amazing Spider-Man #222 (November 1981)[50]		 A chemist with super-speed and former member of the Squadron Sinister.
Vermin Edward Whelan Captain America #272 (August 1982)[32] A geneticist who was turned into a humanoid rat by Arnim Zola.
Doppelganger Spider-Doppelganger The Infinity War #1 (July 1992)[32] A nearly-mindless duplicate of Spider-Man.
Supercharger Ronald Hiliard Amazing Fantasy #17 (January 1996) A supervillain who is able to absorb and store electricity.
Proto-Goblin Nels van Adder Spider-Man #-1 (July 1997) In a retcon, Norman Osborn tests the incomplete version of the formula on Oscorp employee Nels van Adder, driving van Adder insane and causing him to transform into a red, demon-like being known as the "Proto-Goblin". Killing several people and blaming Norman for his condition, van Adder harasses and later attempts to kill him before being knocked out an Oscorp window by Chief of Security Arthur Stacy and his brother Detective George Stacy. In order to escape conviction for what he had done to van Adder, Norman convinces the police that van Adder had been experimenting on himself and that he had been trying to help him. Van Adder was last seen fleeing into the wilderness and his current fate is unknown.

As well as endowing van Adder with super strength and agility, the prototypical Goblin Formula gave him claws, talons, fangs, glowing green eyes, and near-impenetrable red skin that is capable of withstanding several close range bullet shots.

Hippo An uplifted hippopotamus Dark Reign: The Sinister Spider-Man #1 (August 2009) Hippo was originally a hippopotamus that was uplifted by the High Evolutionary.

Other villains

Coldheart

Coldheart debuted in Spider-Man #49. Not much is known about the history of Kateri Deseronto. She is an expert martial artist and swordsman who wields Cryonic Swords that can freeze anyone in their place.[125]

Delilah
First appearanceThe Amazing Spider-Man #414 (August 1996)
Created byTom DeFalco and Mark Bagley
SpeciesHuman
AbilitiesSkilled at being an assassin.

Delilah first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #414 by Tom DeFalco and Mark Bagley.[32] The Rose's confidante as well as his chief enforcer, Delilah helped battle to maintain control of part of the New York crime scene against the threat of the Black Tarantula.[126][127]

During her career, she had a role in the rebirth of two of Spider-Man's old foes during the Rose's efforts to gain extra muscle: she was the one who threw the switch of the electric chair which gave Electro his powers back, and helped set up the theft of Doctor Octopus's corpse for re-animation from the Hand. She also appears in Loners as an assassin smuggling MGH.[128][129][130][131]

Spidercide
First appearanceThe Spectacular Spider-Man #22 (March 1995)
Created byTom DeFalco and Sal Buscema
SpeciesClone
Abilitiesshapeshifting, molecular manipulation, same abilities of Spider-Man
AliasesPeter Parker
Spider-Man
Freakface

Spidercide was a major antagonist in the "Maximum Clonage" story arc. He first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #222 by Tom DeFalco and Sal Buscema.[78] He is depicted as an evil foil of Spider-Man, Ben Reilly, and Kaine. Introduced as a red herring to suggest the possibility of a third individual that was the original Peter Parker, he is one of the Spider-Man clones created by Jackal, to be Jackal's enforcer and protector. However, Spidercide is actually a clone to Ben Reilly, who is a direct genetic duplicate of Spider-Man.[48]

The Jackal later modified Spidercide's powers, granting him the unique ability to control his physical make-up on a molecular level; he can alter his mass, density, shape and state at will similar to the symbiotes. Despite was create to escort and protect the Jackal, Spidercide betrays him and aligned with the Scrier. He was killed off in Spider-Man: Maximum Clonage: Omega by being thrown off the Daily Bugle.[48][132]

Reformed super villain / anti-hero opponents

Almost all the characters listed first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man with the exception of Kaine and Humbug first appearing in Web of Spider-Man. The Prowler is the oldest character appearing in The Amazing Spider-Man in the 1960s in the Silver Age. Many other anti-heroes were introduced in the 1970s in between the Silver Age and the Bronze Age while Humbug was introduced in the 1980s right around the start of the Modern Age. Kaine is the youngest debuted character while Cardiac is the second youngest. Both Kaine and Cardiac appeared around the 1990s.

Name Alter ego First appearance
Prowler Hobie Brown The Amazing Spider-Man #78 (November 1969)[64]
Punisher14 Frank Castle The Amazing Spider-Man #129 (February 1974)[77]
Rocket Racer Robert Farrell The Amazing Spider-Man #172 (September 1977)[50]
Black Cat11 Felicia Hardy The Amazing Spider-Man #194 (July 1979)[82]
Puma Thomas Fireheart The Amazing Spider-Man #256 (September 1984)[32]
Silver Sable Silver Sablinova The Amazing Spider-Man #265 (June 1985)[32]
Humbug[66] Buck Mitty Web of Spider-Man #19 (October 1986)[50]
Solo[66] James Bourne Web of Spider-Man #19 (October 1986)[50]
Cardiac Elias Wirtham The Amazing Spider-Man #344 (December 1990)[50]
Kaine Kaine Parker Web of Spider-Man #119 (December 1994)[50]

Non-supervillain enemies
See also: List of Spider-Man supporting characters

The Burglar and Flash Thompson both appeared in the first comic book starring Spider-Man appearing in the anthology series Amazing Fantasy. The certain comic book story inspired a comic book series entitled The Amazing Spider-Man which J. Jonah Jameson would appear in the first issue. All three of the characters listed appeared in the 1960s around the Silver Age of Comics.

Name First appearance Detail
Burglar Amazing Fantasy #15 (August 1962) The man who killed Peter's uncle which would inspire Peter Parker to use his powers responsibly and become the superhero known as Spider-Man.[133]
Flash Thompson[133] Amazing Fantasy #15 (August 1962) A sometimes enemy of Peter Parker instead of Spider-Man. Flash's most common depiction is a high school bully of Parker commonly dubbing him "Puny Parker". Despite how he treats Parker he happens to be one of Spider-Man's biggest fans. Later on Flash would be depicted as being good friends to Peter instead. In The Amazing Spider-Man #654, Flash Thompson becomes "Agent Venom"[134]
J. Jonah Jameson The Amazing Spider-Man #1 (March 1963) The editor in chief of The Daily Bugle. He has a strong hatred of Spider-Man so he helps turn the city against the superhero with the publishing of The Daily Bugle newspapers. He was also responsible for the funding of the creation of Scorpion, the Spider-Slayers,[1] and the Human Fly.

Group villains
Cover of The Spectacular Spider-Man #246 (May 1997) depicting Spider-Man's weaker foes (Spot, Gibbon, the second Kangaroo and the third Grizzly) teaming up to try to defeat Spider-Man. Art by Luke Ross

Note: The common leader of the group is in bold.

Group name Original members
Enforcers[135] Montana
Ox
Fancy Dan
Inheritors[136] Solus
Unnamed Matriarch
Daemos
Verna
Karn
Morlun
Brix
Bora
Sinister Six[137] Doctor Octopus
Vulture
Electro
Sandman
Mysterio
Kraven the Hunter
Spider-Man Revenge Squad[138] Spot
Grizzly
Kangaroo II
Gibbon
Sinister Syndicate[139] Beetle
Hydro-Man
Rhino
Boomerang
Speed Demon

Archenemies

Unlike well-known rivalries in comics book depictions where heroes always still have more than one enemy but usually one archenemy (e.g., Joker to Batman and Lex Luthor to Superman in DC Comics, Red Skull to Captain America, Doctor Doom to the Fantastic Four and the Brotherhood of Mutants to the X-Men in Marvel Comics etc.), Spider-Man is known to have three archenemies and it can be debated or disputed as to which one is worse:[140]

  1. ^ Doctor Octopus is regarded as one of Spider-Man's worst enemies. He has been cited as the man Peter might have become if he hadn't been raised with a sense of responsibility.[16][18][141] He is infamous for defeating him the first time in battle and for almost marrying Peter's Aunt May. He is the core leader of the Sinister Six and has also referred himself as the "Master Planner". ("If This Be My Destiny...!")[18][142] Later depictions revealed him in Peter Parker's body where he was the titular character for a while.[141]
  2. ^ Norman Osborn using the alias as Green Goblin is Spider-Man's archenemy.[140][143][144] Mostly after he is responsible for setting up the death of Spider-Man's girlfriend in one of the most famous Spider-Man stories of all time which helped end the Silver Age of Comic Books and begin the Bronze Age of Comic Books.[140] He was thought to be dead after that but writers help bring him back from the 1990s and he returned to plague Spider-Man once more in the comic books (such as being involved of the killing of Aunt May) and other heroes (such as the Avengers[60]). He is also an enemy of Spider-Man sometimes just as Norman and not just only as the Green Goblin.[145]
  3. ^ Another character commonly described as archenemy is Venom. Eddie Brock as Venom is commonly described as the mirror version or the evil version of Spider-Man in many ways.[8][9][140] Venom's goals are usually depicted as ruining Spider-Man's life and messing with Spider-Man's head.[99] Venom is also one of the most popular Spider-Man villains.[146] This popularity has led him to be an established iconic character of his own with own comic book stories, where he is depicted as an antihero.[8][147]

In other media
Main article: List of Spider-Man enemies in other media

Reception

Reaction to Spider-Man's rogues gallery has been overwhelmingly positive with many journalists citing it as one of the greatest comic book rogues galleries of all time,[148][149][150] with Batman's rogues gallery being its most rivaled contender.[151][152] However, editors such as The Hollywood Reporter's Graeme McMillan felt that only Flash's rogues gallery can compete with Spider-Man's rogues.[149] Kyle Schmidlin of What Culture! described the superhero's rogues gallery as "one of the most colorful in comics" explaining that Batman could only be debated as having a great number of enemies as good as Spider-Man.[153] IGN staff editors, Joshua Yehl and Jesse Schedeen, described the Spider-Man villains as "one of the most iconic and well-balanced in comics". They opined that the scope of their schemes, how cool their powers are, and how dramatically they have affected Spider-Man's life is what makes the Spider-Man villains so great.[1] Newsarama ranked Spider-Man's rogues gallery as number one out of ten as the greatest rogues gallery of all time.[152]

Themes

George Marston of Newsarama explaining why he felt that Spider-Man rogues gallery was the best was the thematic elements that the villains of Spider-Man manifested.[152] He explained that just like the superhero they have the same concept of science gone wrong. They are "like him, great men with great minds, great power, and great determination." But instead they fail to use their powers responsibly, separating the thin line between being a hero from being a villain.[152] Alex Wyse of Comic Book Resources felt that a good villain is supposed to challenge the ideals of the hero. For Spider-Man that idea was the famous quote "With great power comes great responsibility", where the superhero is pitted against an antithesis of the hero's motto like the concept of using superpowers for their personal gain.[154]

Me and the Boys

A viral internet meme centering on Spider-Man foes of screenshots from the original Spider-Man animated series that showcases the four supervillains (Green Goblin, Electro, Vulture and a photoshopped addition of Rhino) along with other Spider-Man foes in some variations emerged in 2019 called "Me and the Boys". The meme image parodied and represented a group of friends bonding, hanging out, or engaging in various shenanigans.[155] It originated from Reddit and later Twitter. It was placed as number 35 of best memes of 2019 by Thrillist.[156][157][158]

See also

Notes
  1. ^ The Chameleon is the first member of Spider-Man's rogues gallery in publication date. (Excluding the Burglar.)[9] He is also well known to be related to Kraven the Hunter and Kraven to him. That revealed relationship helped evolve him as a major villain compared to his original depiction of being just a solo villain in the original issue of The Amazing Spider-Man.[162][163][164]
  2. ^ Besides being most notable as a Spider-Man supervillain. He has also been depicted as a Fantastic Four antagonist in Stan Lee and Jack Kirby comics books (mostly due to being introduced as the original Frightful Four[165]) along with being on the heroic side (being an Avengers member[166]) until being introduced as a tragic supervillain in the Spider-Man comics once again.[167]
  3. ^ The character is also known as the member of the Frightful Four battling the Fantastic Four.[31] He is also the first major Marvel villain to be written in publication history as battling Daredevil.[168][169] Even being the founder and leader of the supervillain team that oppose him, the Emissaries of Evil.[170]
  4. ^ Just like Electro. He has crossed over and been a major villain of Daredevil. In the storyline "Guardian Devil" he crossed into Daredevil's territory almost pushing Daredevil to the edge (just like what he is usually depicted as attempted to do in Spider-Man) when Mysterio believes Spider-Man is a clone at one point.[34]
  5. ^ Kraven the Hunter has been a recurring villain since his introduction as a Spider-Man villain. But what makes him stand out as one of the great Spider-Man villains along with being one of the memorable issues about the fictional villain in the Spider-Man comics is the critically acclaimed storyline, "Kraven's Last Hunt".[9][41][164][171]
  6. ^ Not counting any other character in the mainstream Marvel Universe with that name. Only outside of the mainstream Spider-Man comics or in other media is there other Spider-Man villains (that isn't named Mac Gargan) that are antagonists of Spider-Man.[172][173][174] Gargan is cited to be the fourth who is called that in the comic books but is the most iconic villain with that name.[38]
  7. ^ The villain has crossed over with battling other heroes (especially Hulk[67]) even though the fictional character is usually written off in Spider-Man comics.[53] He is a major character in the storyline titled "Flowers for Rhino" (Spider-Man's Tangled Web). An homage to Flowers for Algernon.[175]
  8. ^ Despite first appearing in Spider-Man comic books, the Kingpin is more notable of being a Daredevil adversary. The character that represents the opposite of what Daredevil stands for. Despite this he is a major antagonist of both superheroes in the Marvel comic books just as recurringly.[9][59] He also is a major recurring villain in the rest of the Marvel Universe crossing over as major antagonists to superheroes/antiheroes (such as the Punisher) in certain comic books of the many based universes of Marvel (PunisherMAX, etc.)[176]
  9. ^ "The Six Arms Saga" is the name of the storyline that debuted Morbius.[69]
  10. ^ Miles Warren's technical first appearance was revealed to be in The Amazing Spider-Man #31 (December 1965) created by Stan Lee and Steve Ditko before being revealed as the Jackal.[177]
  11. ^ Although she is listed with the supervillains as she sometimes is depicted in certain portrayals. The Black Cat is more regarded as an antiheroine than fully supervillain. A character that struggles in between deciding good and bad...and the major femme fatale romantic interest for Spider-Man. Her key role of deciding between crime and having complicated relationships of Spider-Man makes her sometimes labeled as part with the rest of the major rogues gallery of Spider-Man. Nonetheless she has been a staple supporting Spider-Man character during her debut.[1]
  12. ^ The Amazing Spider-Man #299 is the first appearance of Eddie Brock as Venom. The alien costume debuted from The Amazing Spider-Man #252 and the symbiote bonded to Spider-Man in Secret Wars #8.[8] Venom's creators are determined by pre-alien costume by not counting the creators/designers of the alien costume, David Michelinie or Mike Zeck, or the Marvel Comics fan who originally though of the concept for the creators.[8][178][179]
  13. ^ Cletus Kasady first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man 344.[103] Carnage is a major character in the popular storyline "Maximum Carnage".[180]
  14. ^ Despite standing out as his own independent character now. The Punisher was originally introduced as an antagonist of Spider-Man.[77]

References
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  2. "Top 25 Spider-Man Villains: Page 3 of 5". IGN. 16 April 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
  3. DeFalco, Tom; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2008). "1960s". Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. Dorling Kindersley. p. 87. ISBN 978-0756641238.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  4. Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). "1960s". Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. Dorling Kindersley. p. 36. ISBN 978-0756692360. Now it was time for [John Romita, Sr.] to introduce a new Spidey villain with the help of [Stan] Lee. Out of their pooled creative energies was born the Rhino, a monstrous behemoth trapped in a durable rhinoceros suit.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  5. Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 62: "[The Amazing Spider-Man #111] marked the dawning of a new era: writer Gerry Conway came on board as Stan Lee's replacement. Alongside artist john Romita, Conway started his run by picking up where Lee left off."
  6. Manning "1970s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 68: "This story by writer Gerry Conway and penciler Gil Kane would go down in history as one of the most memorable events of Spider-Man's life."
  7. David and Greenberger p. 49: "The idea of beloved supporting characters meeting their deaths may be standard operating procedure now but in 1973 it was unprecedented...stan's death took villainy and victimhood to an entirely new level."
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  27. Stan Lee (w), Steve Ditko (p), Steve Ditko (i). "The Terrible Threat Of The Living Brain!" The Amazing Spider-Man 8 (January, 1964), Marvel Comics
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  29. Lee, Stan (w), Ditko, Steve (p), Ditko, Steve (i). "The Man Called Electro!" The Amazing Spider-Man 9 (February 1964)
  30. Manning, Matthew K.; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2012). "1960s". Spider-Man Chronicle Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. Dorling Kindersley. p. 24. ISBN 978-0756692360. Electro charged into Spider-Man's life for the first time in another [Stan] Lee and [Steve] Ditko effort that saw Peter Parker using his brilliant mind to outwit a foe.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
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  33. Lee, Stan (w), Ditko, Steve (p), Ditko, Steve (i). "The Menace of... Mysterio!" The Amazing Spider-Man 13 (June 1964)
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  97. Ryall, Chris; Tipton, Scott (2009). Comic books 101 the history, methods and madness. Cincinnati, Ohio: IMPACT. ISBN 9781440307904. I think Slyde's first appearance (The Amazing Spider-Man #272, January 1986) is pretty goofy (non-stick coating on a super-villain suit? Sure!)
  98. Manning "1980s" in Gilbert (2012), p. 169: "In this landmark installment [issue #298], one of the most popular characters in the wall-crawler's history would begin to step into the spotlight courtesy of one of the most popular artists to ever draw the web-slinger."
  99. "Venom is number 22 on greatest comic book villain of all time". IGN. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  100. David Michelinie (w), Kyle Baker (i). "The Longest Road" Web of Spider-Man 18 (September 1986), Marvel Comics
  101. Claremont, Chris; David, Peter (2014). Wolverine Epic Collection: Madripoor Nights. ISBN 978-0785189039. Issue #309 will culimate the Mary Jane storyline. I am introducing a new duo of bad guys called Styx and Stones. Styx is a mastermind who loves death, adores death, and he's got these plans to bring death in all of its wonderful forms. Stones is his partner who actually carries out these things.
  102. "Carnage is number 90 on greatest comic book villain of all time". IGN. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
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