Huizhou dialect

The Huizhou dialect (simplified Chinese: 惠州话; traditional Chinese: 惠州話; pinyin: Huìzhōuhuà) is a Chinese dialect spoken in and around Huicheng District, the traditional urban centre of Huizhou, Guangdong.[2] The locals also call the dialect Bendihua (simplified Chinese: 本地话; traditional Chinese: 本地話; pinyin: Běndìhuà; lit.: 'local speech') and distinguish it from the dialect spoken in Meixian and Danshui, Huiyang, which they call Hakka (simplified Chinese: 客家话; traditional Chinese: 客家話; pinyin: Kèjiāhuà).[2][3]

For the group of dialects spoken in the historical region of Huīzhōu (徽州), see Huizhou Chinese.
Huizhou dialect
惠州话 / 惠州話
Native toChina
RegionHuizhou, Guangdong
Native speakers
(120,000 cited 1992)[1]
Sino-Tibetan
Language codes
ISO 639-3–
hak-hui Huizhou
Glottologhuiz1243  Huizhou
Linguasphere79-AAA-gai
79-AAA-gaj

Classification

The classification of the Huizhou dialect is disputed because it shows characteristics of both Yue and Hakka. Most scholars classify the Huizhou dialect as a dialect of Hakka, but some scholars, most notably Liu Shuxin, consider it to be a dialect of Yue.[2]

The first edition of the Language Atlas of China puts it into its own subgroup under Hakka known as the Huizhou subgroup (惠州片; Huìzhōu piàn).[4] In the second edition, it is still classified as a dialect of Hakka, but it is placed under the Mei–Hui cluster (梅惠小片; Méi-Huì xiǎopiàn) of the Yue–Tai subgroup (粤台片; 粵臺片; Yuè-Tái piàn).[5]

Liu Shuxin groups it together with other similar dialects spoken around the middle and upper reaches of the Dong River, including the Heyuan dialect, into the Hui–He branch (惠河系; Huì-Hé xì) of Yue.[6] Chang Song-hing and Zhuang Chusheng propose a similar grouping called the Hui–He subgroup (惠河片; Huì-Hé piàn), but they classify the group as Hakka.[7]

Phonology

Tones

The Huizhou dialect has seven tones:

Tone name dark level
(阴平 / 陰平)		 light level
(阳平 / 陽平)		 rising
(上声 / 上聲)		 dark departing
(阴去 / 陰去)		 light departing
(阳去 / 陽去)		 dark entering
(阴入 / 陰入)		 light entering
(阳入 / 陽入)		 ref.
Example 哥人许 / 許 气 / 氣事 急及[8]
Tone letter ˥ (55)˧ (33)˧˥ (35) ˩˧ (13)˥˧ (53) ˦˥ (45)˩ (1)[9]
˧ (33)˩ (11)˧˥ (35) ˩˧ (13)˨˩ (21) ˥ (5)˨ (2)[8]
˦ (44)˨ (22)˧˥ (35) ˩˧ (13)˧˩ (31) ˦˥ (45)˧ (3)[10]
˦ (44)˩ (11)˧˥ (35) ˩˧ (13)˧˩ (31) ˥ (5)˨ (2)[11]

Notes
  1. Liu 2007, p. 9.
  2. Hou 2017, p. 159.
  3. Huang 1987, p. 255.
  4. Chinese Academy of Social Sciences & Australian Academy of the Humanities 1987, B15.
  5. Xie & Huang 2012, p. 117.
  6. Liu 2007, p. 189.
  7. Chang & Zhuang 2008, p. 410.
  8. Liu 2007, p. 41.
  9. Huang 1987, p. 256.
  10. Hou 2008, p. 41.
  11. Yan 2009, pp. 2–3.

References
  • Chang, Song-hing; Zhuang, Chusheng (2008). 廣東方言的地理格局與自然地理及歷史地理的關係 [Geographical Distribution of Guangdong Dialects: Their Linkage with Natural and Historical Geography] (PDF). Journal of Chinese Studies (in Chinese) (48): 407–422.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Australian Academy of the Humanities (1987). 中国语言地图集 [Language Atlas of China] (in Chinese). Hong Kong: Longman Group (Far East). ISBN 0-582-99903-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hou, Xiaoying (2008). 东江中上游本地话研究 [A Study of Bendihua in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Dongjiang Basin] (PhD) (in Chinese). Xiamen University.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Hou, Xiaoying (2017). 惠州话：粤色客底的粤化客方言 [Huizhou Dialect: a Hakka Dialect Greatly Influenced by Yue Dialect]. Academic Research (in Chinese) (7): 159–169.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Huang, Xuezhen (1987). 惠州话的归属. Fangyan (in Chinese) (4): 255–263.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Liu, Shuxin (2007). 东江中上游土语群研究——粤语惠河系探考 [A Study of the Group of Vernaculars Spoken around the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Dong River—An Investigation of the Hui–He Branch of Yue] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Society Publishing House. ISBN 978-7-5087-1716-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Xie, Liuwen; Huang, Xuezhen (2012). B1—17 客家话. 中国语言地图集 [Language Atlas of China] (in Chinese). 汉语方言卷 (2nd ed.). Beijing: Commercial Press. pp. 116–124. ISBN 978-7-100-07054-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Yan, Xiuhong (2009). 河源惠州“本地话”语音概略（一） [A Summary of the Phonology of "Bendihua" in Heyuan and Huizhou] (PDF) (in Chinese). Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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