Family tree of the British royal family

This is the British monarchs' family tree, from James VI & I (whose ascension united the thrones of England and Scotland) to the present monarch, Elizabeth II.

Before James VI/I

See Scottish monarchs' family tree and English monarchs' family tree. This also includes Wales, Scotland and England; all part of the United Kingdom as well as the French Norman invasion.

For a simplified view, see: Family tree of English and British monarchs.

Key

- The red border indicates monarchs
- The bolded border indicates close relatives of monarchs (parents, spouse(s) and children)
- The thin border indicates other relatives
name / title / date - The green font indicates living persons

House of Stuart

Scottish
House of
Stuart
family tree

James VI & I
1566–1625
r. 1567–1625 (Sc)
r. 1603–1625 (En)

m. 1589
Anne
of Denmark
1574–1619

Henry
Frederick
Prince of Wales
1594–1612

Elizabeth
Electress
Palatine
1596–1662

m. 1613
Frederick V
Elector Palatine
1596–1632

Margaret
1598–1600

Charles I
1600–1649
r. 1625–1649

m. 1625
Henrietta
of France
1609–1669

Robert
Duke of
Kintyre
1602

Mary
1605–1607

Sophia
1607

House of
Palatinate
-Simmern

Sophia
of Hanover
Electress of
Brunswick
1630–1714

m. 1658
Ernest
Elector of
Brunswick
1629–1698

m. 1663
Catherine
of Braganza
1638–1705

Charles II
1630–1685
r. 1649–1651(Sc)
r. 1660–1685

Charles
Duke of
Cornwall
1629

Elizabeth
of England
1635–1650

Anne
of England
1637–1640

Henry
Duke of
Gloucester
1640–1660

House of
Hanover

illegitimate
children

m. 1641
William II
Prince of Orange
1626–1650

Mary
Princess
Royal
1631–1660

m1. 1659
Anne
Hyde
1637–1671

James II
& VII
1633–1701
r. 1685–1688

m2. 1673
Mary
of Modena
1658–1718

Henrietta
1644–1670

m. 1661
Philip I
Duke of
Orléans
1640–1701

m. 1683
George
of Denmark
1653–1708

Anne
1665–1714
r. 1702–1714

Charles
Duke of
Cambridge
1660–1661

James
Duke of
Cambridge
1663–1667

Mary II
1662–1694
r. 1689–1694

m. 1677
William III&II
1650–1702
r. 1689–1702

Charles
Duke of
Kendal
1666–1667

Edgar
Duke of
Cambridge
1667–1671

House of
Orléans

William
Duke of
Gloucester
1689–1700

infant
children

Catherine
1675–1676

Charles
Duke of
Cambridge
1677

Isabel
1676–1681

Elizabeth
1678

Charlotte
1682

James
Francis
Prince of Wales
The Old Pretender
1688–1766

m. 1719
Clementina
Sobieski
1702–1735

Louisa
1692–1712

m. 1772
Louise
of Stolberg
-Gedern
1752–1824

Charles
Edward
"Bonnie
Prince Charlie";
"The Young
Pretender"
1720–1788

Henry
Benedict
Cardinal-Duke
of York
1725–1807

House of Hanover

House of
Hanover

Sophia
of Hanover
Electress of
Brunswick
1630–1714

m. 1658
Ernest
Augustus
Elector of
Brunswick
1629–1698

m. 1682–1694
Sophia
Dorothea
of Celle
1666–1726

George I
1660–1727
r. 1714–1727

Ernest
Duke of York
1674–1728

other
siblings

m. 1705
Caroline
of Ansbach
1683–1737

George II
1683–1760
r. 1727–1760

Sophia
Dorothea
of Hanover
1687–1757

m. 1706
Frederick
William I
of Prussia
1688–1740

m. 1736
Augusta
of Saxe-Gotha
1719–1772

Frederick
Prince of
Wales
1707–1751

Anne
Princess
Royal
1709–1759

m. 1734
William IV
Prince of
Orange
1711–1751

Mary
of Great
Britain
1723–1772

m. 1740
Frederick II
Landgrave of
Hesse-Kassel
1720–1785

Louise
of Great
Britain
1724–1751

m. 1743
Frederick V
King of Denmark
1723–1766

Amelia
of Great
Britain
1711–1786

Caroline
of Great
Britain
1713–1757

George
William
of Great
Britain
1717–1718

William
Duke of
Cumberland
1721–1765

Henry
Duke of
Cumberland
1745–1790

m. 1771
Anne
Horton
1748–1808

Edward
Duke of York
1739–1767

Elizabeth
of Great
Britain
1741–1759

Augusta
of Great
Britain
1737–1813

m. 1764
Charles
Duke of
Brunswick
1735–1806

Caroline
Matilda
1751–1775

m. 1766
Christian VII
King of Denmark
1749–1808

William
Duke of
Gloucester
1743–1805

m. 1766
Maria
Walpole
1736–1807

m. 1761
Charlotte
of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz
1744–1818

George III
1738–1820
r. 1760–1820

Louisa
of Great
Britain
1749–1768

Frederick
of Great
Britain
1750–1765

House of
Brunswick-
Bevern

House of
Oldenburg

Sophia
of Gloucester
1773–1844

Caroline
of Gloucester
1774–1775

Elizabeth
1770–1840

m. 1818
Frederick VI
Landgrave of
Hesse-Homburg
1769–1829

Octavius
1779–1783

Alfred
1780–1783

Amelia
1783–1810

Sophia
1777–1848

m. 1816
Mary
1776–1857

William
Duke of
Gloucester
1776–1834

Frederick
Duke of York
1763–1827

m. 1791
Frederica
Charlotte
of Prussia
1767–1820

George IV
1762–1830
regent
1811–1820
r. 1820–1830

m. 1795
Caroline
of Brunswick
1768–1821

Augusta
Sophia
1768–1840

m. 1793–1794
Augusta
Murray
1768–1830

Augustus
Frederick
Duke of Sussex
1773–1843

m. 1831
Cecilia
Underwood
c. 1785–1873

Charlotte
Princess Royal
1766–1828

m. 1780
Frederick
of Württemberg
1754–1816

Adolphus
Duke of
Cambridge
1774–1850

m. 1818
Augusta
of Hesse-
Kassel
1797–1889

Charlotte
Augusta
of Wales
1796–1817

m. 1816
Leopold I
King of
the Belgians
1790–1865

d'Estes

George
Duke of
Cambridge
1819–1904

Augusta
of Cambridge
1822–1916

m. 1843
Frederick
William
of Mecklenburg
1819–1904

Mary
Adelaide
of Cambridge
1833–1897

m. 1866
Francis
Duke of
Teck
1837–1900

William IV
1765–1837
r. 1830–1837

m. 1818
Adelaide
of Saxe-
Meiningen
1792–1849

Edward
Duke of Kent
1767–1820

m. 1818
Victoria
of Saxe-Coburg
-Saalfeld
1786–1861

Ernest
Augustus
King of Hanover
1771–1851

m. 1815
Frederica
of Mecklenburg-
Strelitz
1778–1841

FitzGeorges

House of
Mecklenburg

Teck
family

illegitimate
children

Charlotte
of Clarence
1819

Elizabeth
of Clarence
1820–1821

Victoria
1819–1901
r. 1837–1901

m. 1840
Albert
Prince of Saxe-
Coburg-Gotha
1819–1861

George V
King of Hanover
1819–1878

m. 1843
Marie
of Saxe-
Altenburg
1818–1907

House of
Windsor
formerly
House of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha

Ernest
Augustus
of Hanover
1845–1923

m. 1878
Thyra
of Denmark
1853–1933

Frederica
of Hanover
1848–1926

m. 1880
Alfons
von Pawel-
Rammingen
1843–1932

Marie
of Hanover
1849–1904

House of Hanover

House of
Pawel-
Rammingen

House of Windsor

House of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha

Victoria
1819–1901
r. 1837–1901

m. 1840
Albert
Prince of
Saxe-Coburg
-Gotha
1819–1861

Louise
1848–1939

m. 1871
John
Campbell
Duke of Argyll
1845–1914

m. 1858
Frederick III
German
Emperor
1831–1888

Victoria
Princess Royal
1840–1901

Helena
1846–1923

m. 1866
Christian
of Schleswig-
Holstein
1831–1917

Beatrice
1857–1944

m. 1885
Henry
of Battenberg
1858–1896

Alice
1843–1878

m. 1862
Louis IV
Grand Duke
of Hesse
1837–1892

Alfred
Duke of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1844–1900

m. 1874
Maria
Alexandrovna
of Russia
1853–1920

House of
Hohenzollern

House of
Oldenburg

Battenberg
family

House of
Hesse-
Darmstadt

Alfred
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1874–1899

Marie
of Edinburgh
1875–1938

m. 1893
Ferdinand
King of
Romania
1865–1927

Alexandra
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1878–1942

m. 1896
Ernst II
of Hohenlohe-
Langenburg
1863–1950

Beatrice
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1884–1966

m. 1909
Alfonso
Duke of
Galliera
1886–1975

m. 1905
Cyril
Vladimirovich
of Russia
1876–1938

Victoria
Melita
1876–1936

m. 1894–1901
Ernest
Louis
of Hesse
1868–1937

House of
Hohenzollern-
Sigmaringen

House of
Hohenlohe-
Langenburg

House of
Bourbon

House of
Romanov

House of
Hesse-
Darmstadt

Edward VII
1841–1910
r. 1901–1910

m. 1863
Alexandra
of Denmark
1844–1925

Leopold
Duke of
Albany
1853–1884

m. 1882
Helena
of Waldeck
and Pyrmont
1861–1922

Arthur
Duke of
Connaught
1850–1942

m. 1879
Louise
Margaret
of Prussia
1860–1917

Alice
of Albany
1883–1981

m. 1904
Alexander
Cambridge
1st Earl of
Athlone
1874–1957

Charles
Edward
Duke of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1884–1954

m. 1905
Victoria
Adelaide
of Schleswig-
Holstein
1885–1970

m. 1905
Gustaf VI
Adolf
King of Sweden
1882–1973

Margaret
of Connaught
1882–1920

Patricia
of Connaught
1886–1974

m. 1919
Alexander
Ramsay
1881–1972

m. 1932–1962
Feodora
von der Horst
1905–1991

Johann
Leopold
1906–1972

m. 1962
Maria
Reindl
1908–1996

Caroline
Matilda
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1912–1983

Friedrich
Josias
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1918–1998

Sibylla
of Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1908–1972

m. 1932
Gustaf
Adolf
of Västerbotten
1906–1947

Swedish
royal
family

Albert
Victor
Duke of
Clarence
1864–1892

George V
1865–1936
r. 1910–1936

m. 1893
Mary
of Teck
1867–1953

Maud
of Wales
1869–1938

m. 1896
Haakon VII
King of Norway
1872–1957

Victoria
1868–1935

Alexander
John
of Wales
1871

Louise
Princess Royal
1867–1931

m. 1889
Alexander
Duff
Duke of Fife
1849–1912

m. 1923
Charles
Carnegie
Earl of Southesk
1893–1992

Maud
of Fife
1893–1945

Alexandra
Duchess of Fife
1891–1959

m. 1913
Arthur
of Connaught
1883–1938

m. 1937
Wallis
Simpson
1896–1986

Edward VIII
Duke of Windsor
1894–1972
r. 1936

George VI
1895–1952
r. 1936–1952

m. 1923
Elizabeth
Bowes-Lyon
1900–2002

Mary
Princess Royal
1897–1965

m. 1922
Henry
Lascelles
6th Earl of
Harewood
1882–1947

Henry
Duke of
Gloucester
1900–1974

m. 1935
Alice
Montagu
Douglas
Scott
1901–2004

George
Duke of Kent
1902–1942

m. 1934
Marina
of Greece
and Denmark
1906–1968

John
1905–1919

m. 1947
Philip
Duke of
Edinburgh
1921–

Elizabeth II
1926–
r. 1952–

Margaret
1930–2002

m. 1960–1978
Antony
Armstrong-J.
Earl of Snowdon
1930–2017

Lascelles
family

William
of Gloucester
1941–1972

Richard
Duke of
Gloucester
1944–

m. 1972
Birgitte
van Deurs
1946–

Armstrong-
Jones
family

m. 1961
Katharine
Worsley
1933–

Edward
Duke of Kent
1935–

Alexandra
The Honourable
Lady Ogilvy
1936–

m. 1963
Angus
Ogilvy
1928–2004

Michael
of Kent
1942–

m. 1978
Marie
Christine
von Reibnitz
1945–

Windsor
family

Clan
Ogilvy

Windsor
family

m. 1981–1996
Diana
Spencer
1961–1997

Charles
Prince of Wales
1948–

m. 2005
Camilla
Parker Bowles
1947–

m. 1973–1992
Mark
Phillips
1948–

Anne
Princess Royal
1950–

m. 1992
Timothy
Laurence
1955–

Andrew
Duke of York
1960–

m. 1986–1996
Sarah
Ferguson
1959–

Edward
Earl of Wessex
1964–

m. 1999
Sophie
Rhys-Jones
1965–

William
Duke of
Cambridge
1982–

m. 2011
Catherine
Middleton
1982–

Harry
Duke of
Sussex
1984–

m. 2018
Meghan
Markle
1981–

Phillips
family

Beatrice
of York
1988–

Eugenie
Mrs Jack Brooksbank
1990–

m. 2018
Jack
Brooksbank
1986–

Mountbatten
-Windsor
family

George
of Cambridge
2013–

Charlotte
of Cambridge
2015–

Louis
of Cambridge
2018–