Esmeralda language
Esmeralda, or Esmeraldeño (also called Takame or Atacame), is an extinct language isolate formerly spoken in the coastal region of Ecuador. The only existing data for Atacame was collected by J.M. Pallares in 1877.
| Esmeralda | |
|---|---|
| Atacame | |
| Takame | |
| Native to | Ecuador |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
Esmeralda–Yaruro ?
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | atac1235[1] |
Classification
It has been proposed that the language is connected to the still-spoken Yaruro language of Venezuela. It also has some lexical similarities with the extinct Yurumanguí language,[2] as well with the southern Barbacoan language Tsafiki (especially plant and animal names).[2][3]:457-458
Vocabulary
Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items.[4]
gloss Esmeralda hand di foot taha man ilóm water uivi star muʔxabla earth dula dog kine jaguar mutokine snake piama house kiama boat diala
Further reading
- Seler, E. (1902). Die Sprache der Indianer von Esmeraldas. Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Amerikanischen Sprach- und Alterthumskunde, 1: 49-64. Berlín: A. Asher & co.
References
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Atacame". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- Adelaar, William F. H.; Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge University Press. pp. 156–161.
- Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016). Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.
- Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
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