2016 Philippine general election

A general election in the Philippines took place on May 9, 2016, for executive and legislative branches for all levels of government – national, provincial, and local, except for the barangay officials.

2016 Philippine general election

Logo of the 2016 Philippine general election
Presidency
Winner: Rodrigo Duterte (Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan, 39.01% of the vote)
Vice Presidency
Winner: Leni Robredo (Liberal Party, 35.11% of the vote)
Senate (24 seats; 12 up)
24 senators
House of Representatives (297 seats; all up)
297 representatives
Provincial (81 provinces; all up)
81 governors
81 vice governors
1019 board members
City and municipal (1,634 cities and municipalities; all up)
1,634 mayors
1,634 vice mayors
16,808 councilors
Voter turnout
81.95%
Voter turnout during the election per province.
Philippines
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At the top of the ballot was the election for successors to Philippine President Benigno Aquino III and Vice President Jejomar Binay. There were also elections for:[1]

The regional election for the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) were scheduled for May 9, but that would have changed if the Bangsamoro political entity had replaced the ARMM. The ARMM elections pushed through, as scheduled.

Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections were scheduled for October 2016, but were postponed to 2017. Congress postponed anew to barangay elections to May 2018.

Elections are organized, run, and adjudicated by the Commission on Elections better known as COMELEC with appeals under certain conditions allowed to the Regional Trial Courts, the Congress of the Philippines, or the Supreme Court of the Philippines sitting as the House of Representatives Electoral Tribunal, the Senate Electoral Tribunal, or the Presidential Electoral Tribunal.

Preparation
Instructions on how to vote posted outside polling precincts during the election.

Commission on Elections membership

On May 4, 2015, President Benigno Aquino III appointed Presidential Commission on Good Government chairman Andres D. Bautista as chairman, and former Commission on Audit member Rowena Guanzon and Bangsamoro Business Club's board chairman Sherif Abas as commissioners. Bautista replaced Sixto Brillantes, while Guanzon and Abas replaced Lucenito Tagle and Elias Yusoph, who all retired in February 2015. All appointees will serve until February 2022.[2]

A few days after the announcement, it was revealed that Abas is a nephew of Mohagher Iqbal, the chief negotiator of the Moro Islamic Liberation Front. Bautista said that Abas confirmed to him that he is Iqbal's nephew. Iqbal neither confirmed nor denied their relationship, calling it is a non-issue, and that there's nothing wrong if his nephew is appointed to a sensitive position.[3]

Bautista was confirmed by the Commission on Appointments on September 21; meanwhile, Abas' confirmation was deferred because Senator Alan Peter Cayetano, who was not present when Bautista was confirmed, still had questions to ask Abas.[4]

Voter registration
Main article: Voter registration in the Philippines

The commission started voter registration for the elections on May 6, 2014, to October 31, 2015. Under the law, the 9.6 million registered voters who do not have biometrics attached their registration will not be allowed to vote.[5] Voter registration was suspended from October 12 to 16 to give way to the filing of candidacies. From October 17 to 31, the commission would extend its hours up to 9:00 p.m. to accommodate last minute registrants.[6]

Voter registration was suspended in Puerto Princesa from April 20 to May 17, 2015, because of the 2015 mayoral recall election. The Voters' Registration Act prohibits voter registration during recall elections.[7]

In June 2015, the commission denied reports that some voters' biometrics were lost, saying that they were only "degraded," and that "two thousand" voters would have to have their biometrics taken again.[8] A month later, the commission opened booths in Metro Manila and Luzon to further registration. By that time, there were still 4.3 million voters with incomplete biometrics.[9] The commission, seeing the successful turnout for registration at the malls, mulled holding the elections itself inside such malls.[10] The commission's en banc had already approved "in principle" the mall voting process.[11] Near the end of the month, the commission said that the number of voters without biometrics has decreased to 3.8 million.[12]

By mid-August, the commission announced that they had purged 1.3 million records from the voters' list, including the deceased and voters who did not vote in the two immediate preceding elections, the 2013 general and 2013 barangay, and that voters without biometrics had fallen to 3.5 million.[13] By August 30, the number of registered voters without biometrics data had fallen to 3.1 million; this was after a Social Weather Stations poll came out that as much as 9.7 million people still had not updated their biometrics yet and could be disenfranchised.[14]

The Commission on Elections concluded the 17-month registration on October 31, and offered no extension, except for voters in Cagayan Valley which was devastated by Typhoon Lando, who were given until the next day to finish theirs. This was despite a petition to the Supreme Court by the Kabataan party-list to extend registration until January 8, 2016.[15] Acting on the said petition, the Supreme Court issued a restraining order on the No Bio, No Boto mandatory voters biometrics campaign on December 1.[16] It was later lifted after 16 days.

Counting machines
Main article: Vote counting in the Philippines

The Philippines began using technology to streamline vote counting in 2010 when it automated its general elections. During the 2013 Mid Term elections it used the same technology, processing approximately 760 million votes cast by some 50 million voters. The 2016 general elections represented the largest electronic vote counting exercise in history as 92,509 vote counting machines were used to digitize voter-marked ballots and transmit the results to the Municipal Board of Canvassers.

The counting machines were leased from London-based Smartmatic after the Supreme Court of the Philippines invalidated the 300 million-peso contract between the Commission and the Smartmatic-TIM consortium for diagnostics and repair of 80,000 Precinct Count Optical Scan (PCOS) machines in April 2015. The court said that the commission "failed to justify its resort to direct contracting."[17]

Two months later, the Commission conducted a mock election where a "hybrid" system of manual counting and electronic transmission of results was tested out. Gus Lagman, former elections commissioner and a proponent of the hybrid system, pointed out the system's reliability, as opposed to full automation where the results can be manipulated, and to save money as well.[18] Meanwhile, the Commission overturned its self-imposed disqualification of Smartmatic from bidding on counting machines, but said that the company could only proceed with its bidding once they decided on what counting system to use.[19]

Senator Francis Escudero disapproved of the use of the hybrid system, saying "it brings back memories of the Hello Garci controversy".[20] A few days later, the Commission informed the House of Representatives Committee on Suffrage and Electoral Reforms that they had decided not to use the hybrid system. They also limited their options into two: refurbishing 80,000 counting machines and leasing 23,000 more, or lease all machines.[21]

On a House of Representatives committee hearing held on late July, Elections chairman Andres Bautista told lawmakers that the Commission had decided to award Smartmatic-TIM a 1.7 billion peso contract to lease 23,000 OMR counting machines.[22] Days later, the Commission declared the bidding for the refurbishing 80,000 machines as a failure, after two of the three bidders backed out, while the third was disqualified. The companies that withdrew noted the Commission's tight schedule, citing that the project would be unfeasible at that timeline.[23]

On August 13, the Commission agreed to lease 94,000 new OMR machines for 7.9 billion pesos, while the old machines used for 2010 and 2013 elections would be used for the 2019 elections.[24]

By September, the Commission sought the transfer the site manufacturing the voting machines from China to Taiwan after it received intelligence reports from the military in July that China might sabotage the elections. Smartmatic, the manufacturer of the machines, acquiesced to the request. China, meanwhile, denied any plans of sabotaging the election, calling it "sheer fabrication."[25] Smartmatic also won the contract worth P500 million for the electronic results transmission services of the voting machines.[26]

The Commission partnered with De La Salle University to conduct the source code review starting in October. It was said to be more comprehensive than the 2010 and 2013 reviews, which were done a month and four days before the election, respectively.[27]

The warehouse of the voting machines and the paper bins was moved to the warehouse of a bus company JAM Liner in Sta. Rosa, Laguna. The Commission paid 69 million pesos for renting the warehouse.[28] On March 4, the Commission unanimously voted to disallow the issuance of voting receipt to voters, although onscreen verification was allowed, which would take an additional 15 seconds per voter.[29]

The Commission eventually aborted mall voting and allowed the use of replacement ballots.[30]

Results transmission

Election authorities, with the help of election services provider Smartmatic, created a Virtual private network (VPN) for the secure and reliable transmission of electoral data. To guarantee nationwide coverage, Smartmatic coordinated the main telecom companies in the Philippines.

This VPN was used to transmit the votes of over 44 million citizens from 36.805 polling centres. On election night, 4 hours after the polls closed, 80% vote counting machines had transmitted the election data, setting a new record for the Philippines.[31]

Speed was one of the main reasons why Philippine authorities decided to automate elections. As an archipelago comprising over 7,000 islands, several of which lack a proper communications infrastructure, the transmission of results posed a challenge.

Bans

Gun Ban

The election gun ban was implemented starting from January 9, 2016, the official start of the 90-day election period. Francisco Pobe, regional director of COMELEC-13, also pointed out that the candidate should not bring bodyguards without gun ban exemption.[32] Go Act, a pro-gun group formed by gun owners filed a petition before the Supreme Court to fully stop the implementation of the election gun ban.[33]

Calendar

On August 18, 2015, the commission released the calendar of activities for the May 9, 2016 national and local elections:[34]

Activity Start End Length of time
Voter registration May 6, 2014 October 31, 2015 15.5 months
Holding of political conventions September 12, 2015 September 30, 2015 25 days
Filing of candidacies and nominees of party-list groups October 12, 2015 October 16, 2015 5 days
Election period January 10, 2016 June 15, 2016 6 months
Campaign period for president, vice president, senators and party-lists February 9, 2016 May 7, 2016 3 months
Campaign period for district representatives and local officials March 26, 2016 1.5 months
Campaign ban for Holy Week March 24, 2016 March 25, 2016 2 days
Casting of ballots of overseas absentee voters April 9, 2016 May 9, 2016 1 month
Casting of ballots of local absentee voters April 27, 2016 April 29, 2016 3 days
Campaign ban May 8, 2016 May 9, 2016 2 days
Election Day 6:00 a.m. of May 9, 2016 5:00 p.m. of May 9, 2016 11 hours
Term of office winning candidates for local officials and representatives June 30, 2016 June 30, 2019 3 years
Term of office winning candidates for president, vice president and senators June 30, 2022 6 years
First session day of the 17th Congress and State of the Nation Address July 25, 2016 N/A

Following a request by the Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines, the commission extended the period for holding political conventions to October 8, 2015.[35] The commission did not extend the deadline of filing of candidacies, though.[36]

The commission originally envisioned to release an "almost" final list of candidates on December 15, but postponed it to December 23.[37] The commission did release a "final list" of vice presidential candidates on December 23, but Chairman Andres D. Bautista that disqualification cases on other positions led them to postpone the release to January 20, when the commission is expected to resolve all disqualification cases.[38]

On January 21, the commission released an "initial" list of candidates for all positions. The list is subject to trimming as the disqualification cases on presidential, vice presidential and senatorial cases are to be resolved with finality.[39]

Debates

The Commission on Elections held three debates for presidential candidates—in Mindanao last February 2016, in Visayas last March 2016, and in Luzon last April 2016. A vice-presidential debate was also held in Metro Manila last April 10, 2016.[40]

The commission identified the media entities who had covered the debates: GMA Network (E16: Eleksyon 2016) and Philippine Daily Inquirer (February 21), TV5 (Bilang Pilipino: Boto sa Pagbabago 2016 – English: As a Filipino: Vote for Change 2016) and Philippine Star (March 20), CNN Philippines (The Filipino Votes), Business Mirror, and Rappler (April 10), and ABS-CBN (Halalan 2016: Ipanalo ang Pamilyang Pilipino – English: Election 2016: Winning the Filipino Family) and Manila Bulletin (April 24).[41]

The commission also encouraged non-governmental organizations to hold debates for Senate and local positions.

Results

Rodrigo Duterte of PDP-Laban and Leni Robredo of the Liberal Party won the presidential and vice presidential elections, respectively. The Liberals also won a plurality of seats in both houses of Congress, but several of the Liberal Party members of the House of Representatives jumped ship to Duterte's PDP-Laban, allowing his party to create a supermajority coalition that put Pantaleon Alvarez into the Speakership. The Senate leadership was ultimately won by PDP-Laban's Koko Pimentel, with the Liberals ultimately comprising the minority bloc there. The election of Alvarez and Pimentel meant that PDP-Laban currently holds three of the four elected highest political offices, for the first time since 1986 when the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan held the offices of the presidency, vice presidency, parliamentary speaker and prime minister.

For president
Main article: 2016 Philippine presidential election
Results of the presidential election per province, denoting the provinces and cities won by each candidate.

The winner of the presidential election succeeded President Benigno Aquino III, who was term limited. A separate election was held to determine the Vice Presidency; Jejomar Binay could have defended the vice presidency, but ran for president instead. Both elections were under the plurality voting system.

 Summary of the May 9, 2016 Philippine presidential election results
Candidate Party Votes %
Rodrigo DutertePartido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan
(Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power)		16,601,99739.01%
Mar RoxasLiberal Party9,978,17523.45%
Grace PoeIndependent9,100,99121.39%
Jejomar BinayUnited Nationalist Alliance5,416,14012.73%
Miriam Defensor SantiagoPeople's Reform Party1,455,5323.42%
Total 42,552,835 100%
Valid votes 42,552,835 94.61%
Roy Señeres[p 1]Partido ng Manggagawa at Magsasaka (Workers' and Peasants' Party)25,7790.06%
Total invalid votes 2,426,316 5.39%
Votes cast 44,979,151 81.5%
Registered voters 55,739,911
  1. Withdrew on February 5, 2016, and died three days later. All of his votes were considered as spoiled votes.

For vice president
Results of the vice presidential election per province, denoting the provinces and cities won by each candidate.
 Summary of the May 9, 2016 Philippine vice presidential election results
Candidate Party Votes %
Leni RobredoLiberal Party14,418,81735.11%
Bongbong MarcosIndependent [v 1]14,155,34434.47%
Alan Peter CayetanoIndependent [v 2]5,903,37914.38%
Francis EscuderoIndependent4,931,96212.01%
Antonio TrillanesIndependent [v 3]868,5012.11%
Gregorio HonasanUnited Nationalist Alliance788,8811.92%
Total 41,066,884 100%
Valid votes 41,066,884 91.30%
Invalid votes 3,912,267 8.70%
Votes cast 44,979,151 81.5%
Registered voters 55,739,911
  1. Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Miriam Defensor Santiago's (PRP) guest candidate for vice president
  2. Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; Rodrigo Duterte's (PDP-Laban) guest candidate for vice president
  3. Member of Nacionalista Party, which does not field an official candidate; supported by Magdalo and endorsed Grace Poe for President

Congress

Senate
Main article: 2016 Philippine Senate election
Composition of the Senate on June 30, 2016.
Provincial results of the Senate election, denoting which party won a plurality of votes per province; Metro Manila at the inset. Note that seats are allocated on the nationwide vote.

12 seats of the Senate of the Philippines were up for election. The Philippines uses plurality-at-large voting to determine the winning candidates. With the country as one at-large "district", the twelve candidates with the highest number of votes joined the winners of the 2013 election in the Senate.

 Summary of the May 9, 2016 Philippine Senate election results per party
PartyPopular voteBreakdownSeats
Total%SwingEnteredUpNot upGainsHoldsLossesWonEnd 16th17th+/−
Start%
Liberal (Liberal Party)100,512,79531.30% 19.98%83132154625.0% 2
NPC (Nationalist People's Coalition)32,154,13910.07% 0.08%21111022312.5% 1
UNA (United Nationalist Alliance)24,660,7227.64% 19.33%62310215312.5% 2
Akbayan (Citizens' Action Party)15,915,2134.97% 1.29%1001001014.2% 1
Lakas (People Power-Christian Muslim Democrats)13,056,8454.08% 4.08%2200020200.0% 2
PMP (Force of the Philippine Masses)11,932,7003.73% 3.73%2000000000.0%
Aksyon (Democratic Action)8,433,1682.62% 2.62%2000000000.0%
Makabayan (Patriotic Coalition of the People)6,484,9852.02% 0.58%1000000000.0%
Nacionalista (Nationalist Party)2,775,1910.85% 14.45%1230020534.2% 2
PMM (Workers' and Farmers' Party)2,470,6600.76% 0.76%2000000000.0%
KBL (New Society Movement)1,971,3270.61% 0.61%1000000000.0%
LDP (Struggle of Democratic Filipinos)Not participating010000114.2%
PDP–Laban (Philippine Democratic Party – People's Power)Not participating010000128.3% 1
PRP (People's Reform Party)Not participating100010100.0% 1
Independent100,939,52831.36% 15.12%221230133529.2% 2
Total319,308,507N/A501212939122424100%
Turnout44,979,15180.69% 4.92%
Registered voters55,739,911100%

House of Representatives
Main article: 2016 Philippine House of Representatives elections
Election results in the House of Representatives.
Results of the House of Representative elections. The map refers to congressional district results, with Metro Manila is denoted at the inset, and party-list election results, denoted by boxes to the right.

All seats of the House of Representatives were up for election. There are two types of representatives: the district representatives, 80% of the members, were elected in the different legislative districts via the plurality system; each district elected one representative. The party-list representatives were elected via closed lists, with the parties having at least 2% of the vote winning at least one seat, and no party winning more than three seats. If the winning candidates don't surpass 20% of the members, other parties that got less than 2% of the national vote will get one seat each until all party-lists have been filled up.

District elections
 Summary of the May 9, 2016 Philippine House of Representatives election results for representatives from congressional districts
Party/coalitionPopular voteBreakdownSeats
Total%SwingEnteredUpGainsHoldsLossesVacant winsElected%+/−
Liberal (Liberal Party)15,552,40141.72% 3.41%164111159615411538.7% 4
NPC (Nationalist People's Coalition)6,350,31017.04% 0.32%7742833904214.1%
NUP (National Unity Party)3,604,2669.67% 0.98%392612240237.7% 3
Nacionalista (Nationalist Party)3,512,9759.42% 0.87%462732160248.1% 3
UNA (United Nationalist Alliance)2,468,3356.62% 2.69%4784710113.7% 3
PDP–Laban (Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power)706,4071.90% 0.88%260300031.0% 3
Lakas (People Power–Christian Muslim Democrats)573,8431.54% 3.79%57043041.3% 3
Aksyon (Democratic Action)514,6121.38% 1.03%81101010.3%
KBL (New Society Movement)198,7540.53% 0.19%110000000.0%
Asenso Manileño (Progress for Manilans)184,6020.50% 0.50%40200020.7% 2
Kusog Baryohanon (Force of the Villagers)172,6010.46% 0.46%11000010.3%
PTM (Voice of the Masses Party)145,4170.39% 0.39%21010010.3%
PCM (People's Champ Movement)142,3070.38% 0.38%10100010.3% 1
Bukidnon Paglaum (Hope for Bukidnon)129,6780.35% 0.01%11010010.3%
Lingap Lugud (Caring Love)127,7620.34% 0.34%10100010.3% 1
Padayon Pilipino (Onward Filipinos)127,7590.34% 0.34%20000000.0%
1-Cebu (One Cebu)114,7320.31% 0.23%31001000.0% 1
LDP (Struggle of Democratic Filipinos)111,0860.30% 0.03%22020020.7%
Arangkada San Joseño (Forward San Joseans)83,9450.23% 0.23%11100010.3% 1
PMP (Force of the Filipino Masses)78,0200.21% 0.31%30000000.0%
KABAKA (Partner of the Nation for Progress)72,1300.19% 0.15%21010010.3%
Hugpong (Party of the People of the City)53,1860.14% 0.10%10000000.0%
SZP (Forward Zambales Party)52,4150.14% 0.08%10000000.0%
CDP (Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines)13,6620.21% 0.21%11001000.0% 1
PMM (Workers' and Peasants' Party)7,2390.02% 0.02%50000000.0%
PGRP (Philippine Green Republican Party)4,4260.01% 0.01%20000000.0%
Independent2,172,5625.83% 0.19%1783312041.3% 1
Vacancy————3003—00.0% 3
Total37,275,432100%N/A6342344518945423880.1% 4
Valid votes37,275,43283.97%
Invalid votes7,077,69215.94%
Turnout44,392,37581.66% 5.89%
Registered voters (without overseas voters)54,363,844100% 4.52%
Party-list election
 Summary of the May 9, 2016 Philippine House of Representatives election results for party-list representatives
PartyPopular voteSeats
Total%SwingUpWon+/−
Ako Bicol1,664,9755.14% 2.38%23 1
GABRIELA1,367,7954.22% 1.64%22
1-PACMAN1,310,1974.05% 4.05%02 2
ACT Teachers1,180,7523.65% 2.00%12 1
Senior Citizens988,8763.05% 0.60%02 2
Kabayan840,3932.60% 2.60%02 2
Agri833,8212.58% 1.25%12 1
PBA780,3092.41% 1.64%02 2
Buhay760,9122.35% 2.25%32 1
Abono732,0602.26% 0.52%22
AMIN706,6892.18% 0.80%12 1
Coop-NATCCO671,6992.07% 0.25%22
Akbayan608,4491.88% 1.12%21 1
Bayan Muna606,5661.87% 1.58%21 1
AGAP593,7481.83% 0.31%21 1
An Waray590,8951.82% 0.13%21 1
CIBAC555,7601.72% 0.40%21 1
AAMBIS-Owa495,4831.53% 0.40%11
Kalinga494,7251.53% 0.18%11
A TEACHER475,4881.47% 2.31%21 1
YACAP471,1731.46% 0.13%11
DIWA467,7941.44% 0.21%11
TUCP467,2751.44% 0.11%11
Abang Lingkod466,7011.44% 0.50%11
LPGMA466,1031.44% 0.10%11
Alona434,8561.34% 1.34%01 1
1-SAGIP397,0641.23% 0.18%11
Butil395,0111.22% 0.37%11
ACTS-OFW374,6011.16% 1.16%01 1
Anakpawis367,3761.13% 0.03%11
Ang Kabuhayan348,5331.08% 1.08%01 1
ANGKLA337,2451.04% 0.26%11
Mata331,2851.02% 0.14%01 1
1-CARE329,6271.02% 2.37%21 1
ANAC-IP318,2570.98% 0.11%11
ABS301,4570.93% 0.37%11
Kabataan300,4200.93% 0.31%11
BH299,3810.92% 0.24%01 1
AASENSO294,2810.91% 0.67%01 1
SBP280,4650.87% 0.87%01 1
Magdalo279,3560.86% 1.19%21 1
1-ang Edukasyon278,3930.86% 0.86%01 1
Manila Teachers268,6130.83% 0.83%01 1
Kusug Tausug247,4870.76% 0.76%01 1
Aangat Tayo243,2660.75% 0.00%01 1
Agbiag!240,7230.74% 0.13%11
Ating Guro237,5660.73% 0.04%00
ADDA226,7510.70% 0.70%00
A.I.223,8800.69% 0.69%00
All-Fish220,5990.68% 0.68%00
Append219,2180.68% 0.18%10 1
Ang Nars218,5930.68% 0.21%10 1
ABAKADA216,4050.67% 0.22%10 1
CONSLA213,8140.66% 0.66%00
Tingog Sinirangan210,5520.65% 0.65%00
ABAMIN209,2760.65% 1.04%10 1
OFW Family203,7670.63% 2.09%20 2
Anakalusugan191,3620.59% 0.59%00
Alay Buhay186,7120.58% 0.57%10 1
Abante Retirees166,1380.51% 0.07%00
AAB162,5470.50% 0.50%00
AVE157,7920.49% 0.49%10 1
RAM153,7430.47% 0.47%00
KGB148,8690.46% 0.46%00
AGHAM140,6610.43% 0.04%00
AWAT Mindanao138,0400.43% 0.28%00
Tama136,5550.42% 0.42%00
Asean, Inc.125,0690.39% 0.39%00
Amepa Ofw121,0860.37% 0.37%00
ATING Koop120,3610.37% 0.60%10 1
Ang Kasangga120,0420.37% 0.36%00
UMALAB KA118,1490.36% 0.20%00
Disabled/PWD118,0430.36% 0.36%00
Global117,5520.36% 0.36%00
ALE112,0520.35% 0.21%00
Cancer109,9650.34% 0.34%00
ACT-CIS109,3000.34% 1.03%10 1
AMA102,5830.32% 0.57%10 1
Marino102,4300.32% 0.32%00
1-PABAHAY100,7460.31% 0.11%00
Metro94,5150.29% 0.29%00
PISTON89,3840.28% 0.36%00
Sanlakas87,3510.27% 0.04%00
TGP87,0090.27% 0.27%00
KAP/KAKASA-KA79,1780.24% 0.24%00
Migrante76,5230.24% 0.05%00
Amor-seaman68,2260.21% 0.21%00
1-AALALAY65,4590.20% 0.39%00
Sinag61,3930.19% 0.19%00
Akin56,8090.18% 0.18%00
1-AHAPO54,5500.17% 0.17%00
Ang Prolife53,0780.16% 0.31%00
Samako52,2510.16% 0.16%00
Tricap50,4010.16% 0.16%00
UNIDO49,7420.15% 0.15%00
Clase49,2120.15% 0.15%00
Tinderong Pinoy46,9420.14% 0.14%00
Pbb46,8530.14% 0.14%00
Kamais Pilipinas46,5210.14% 0.14%00
1-GB46,1820.14% 0.14%00
KMM42,9350.13% 0.13%00
PM42,7420.13% 0.13%00
KM Ngayon Na39,7770.12% 0.12%00
FICTAP36,6190.11% 0.11%00
ACP35,2700.11% 0.11%00
Banat31,1850.10% 0.10%00
A Tambay30,1470.09% 0.09%00
Awake28,7270.09% 0.09%00
Nactodap24,4070.08% 0.08%00
Anupa18,7930.06% 0.06%00
Melchora17,0400.05% 0.05%00
1-ABILIDAD16,8050.05% 0.02%00
MTM PHILS9,2000.03% 0.12%00
CWS9,1210.03% 0.03%00
Dumper PTDA6,9410.02% 0.02%00
Total32,377,841100.00%N/A5659 3
Valid votes32,377,84171.98% 3.15%
Invalid votes12,601,31028.02% 3.15%
Total turnout44,980,362*80.70% 4.93%
Registered voters55,739,911100.00% 5.21%

*1,211 votes are unaccounted for.

Local
Main articles: 2016 Philippine local elections and Philippine gubernatorial elections, 2016
Gubernatorial elections result.

Local elections were held in all provinces, cities and municipalities. Executive posts were elected by the plurality system, while elections for the membership of the local legislatures were by plurality-at-large voting.

Each local legislature has three ex officio members. The federation presidents each of Liga ng mga Barangay (barangay chairmen), Sangguniang Kabataan (youth council chairmen), and for Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial boards), the chapter presidents of the Sangguniang Bayan (municipal council) and Sangguniang Panlungsod (city council) (city and municipal councilors). The ex officio presiding officer of each local legislature is the chief executive's deputy, but that person only votes to break ties.

The federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan were elected from the membership who won in the 2016 elections until December 2017, when they were replaced by appointees of the president, who voted among themselves who shall represent them. A barangay election, originally scheduled for October 2016, is postponed until 2018, to replace these appointees starting in December 2018.

Results summary
PartyGovernorVice governorBoard membersMayorVice-mayorCouncilors
Total%+/−Total%+/−Seats%+/−Total%+/−Total%+/−Seats%+/−
Liberal3948.1% 33948.1% 333432.8% 3475946.5% 9470543.1% 785,45132.4% 535
NPC911.1% 51012.3% 210710.5% 520112.3% 4518211.1% 571,5839.4% 183
NUP911.1% 177.6% 3696.8% 51217.4% 71277.8% 158965.3% 74
Nacionalista911.1% 267.4% 5646.3% 381458.9% 141398.5% 271,0476.3% 325
UNA33.7% 156.2%474.6% 31348.2% 51428.7% 121,2237.3% 213
Aksyon11.2% 111.2% 140.4% 3130.8% 5191.1% 141130.7% 85
PDP–Laban00.0% 122.5% 260.6% 2402.4% 19332.0% 161911.1% 59
Lakas00.0%22.5%40.4% 1480.5% 3390.6% 33640.4% 259
Other parties67.4% 322.5% 1717.0% 1719712.1% 671227.5% 121,0956.5% 136
Independent56.2% 166.4% 1656.4% 81076.5% 171589.7% 31,87711.1% 76
Ex officio membersN/A24323.8% 3N/A3,26819.4% 14
Totals81100% 181100% 11,019100% 131,634100% 71,634100% 716,808100% 95

See also

References
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