Vice President of Brazil

Vice President of Brazil
Vice Presidential Standard
Incumbent
Vacant
since 31 August 2016
Residence Palácio do Jaburu
Term length Four years, renewable once
Inaugural holder Marshal Floriano Peixoto
Formation February 26, 1891
Website Vice Presidency
Brazil
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Brazil
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The Vice President of Brazil (Portuguese: Vice-presidente do Brasil), officially the Vice President of the Federative Republic of Brazil (Vice Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil), or simply the Vice President of the Republic (Vice Presidente da República) is the second-highest ranking government official in the executive branch of the Government of Brazil, preceded only by the president. The Vice President's primary role is to replace the president on the event of his or her death, resignation, or impeachment, and to temporarily take over the presidential powers and duties while the President is abroad, or otherwise temporarily unable to carry out his or her duties. The Vice President is elected jointly with the president as his or her running mate.

The office has existed since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, although it was only officially instated as of the 1891 Constitution. It has been in place throughout all of Brazil's republican history, save for the fifteen years of the Vargas Era, when it was abolished.

Requirements

The requirements to run for the office of Vice President are exactly those of the Presidency itself. In addition to the ordinary requirements to run for political office in Brazil, under the terms of article 14 of the Constitution, a candidate for the Vice Presidency must be a natural born citizen of Brazil (which under certain circumstances may include the offspring of one or two Brazilian parents living abroad) and be at least 35 years of age.

Election and tenure

The President and Vice President are elected on a single ticket for a four-year term and are inaugurated on 1 January of the year following that of the election. Both may be re-elected for a subsequent term.

If the Vice President succeeds a sitting President, he or she may be reelected for an additional term. However, he or she is not eligible to run for a second full term, as under Brazilian law any partial term counts toward the limit of two consecutive terms. This limit applies whenever the Vice President serves as Acting President when the President is either abroad or suspended from office as a result of impeachment.

Workplace and official residence

The Vice President works in an annex building of the Palácio do Planalto. The official residence of the Vice President is the Palácio do Jaburu, inaugurated in 1977.

Ascension to the Presidency

Since the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, eight Vice Presidents have been called upon to replace former Presidents: four due to death of the incumbent (Nilo Peçanha, Delfim Moreira, Café Filho, and José Sarney), two due to resignation (Floriano Peixoto and João Goulart), and two due to impeachment conviction[1] (Itamar Franco and Michel Temer).

List of Vice Presidents

#NameHome stateStart of termEnd of termPartyPresident(s) served
1Marshal Floriano PeixotoAlagoasFebruary 26, 1891November 23, 1891Deodoro da Fonseca
VacantNovember 23, 1891November 15, 1894VacantFloriano Peixoto
2Manuel VitorinoBahiaNovember 15, 1894November 15, 1898Prudente de Morais
3Francisco de Assis Rosa e SilvaPernambucoNovember 15, 1898November 15, 1902Campos Sales
▬Francisco Silviano de Almeida BrandãoMinas GeraisPRMRodrigues Alves
4Afonso PenaMinas GeraisJune 17, 1903November 15, 1906PRMRodrigues Alves
5Nilo PeçanhaRio de JaneiroNovember 15, 1906June 14, 1909Afonso Pena
VacantJune 14, 1909November 15, 1910VacantNilo Peçanha
6Venceslau BrásMinas GeraisNovember 15, 1910November 15, 1914PRMHermes da Fonseca
7Urbano Santos da Costa AraújoMaranhãoNovember 15, 1914November 15, 1918Venceslau Brás
8Delfim MoreiraMinas GeraisNovember 15, 1918January 16, 1919PRMRodrigues Alves
VacantNovember 15, 1918July 28, 1919VacantDelfim Moreira
8Delfim MoreiraMinas GeraisJuly 28, 1919July 1, 1920PRMEpitácio Pessoa
9Francisco Álvaro Bueno de PaivaMinas GeraisNovember 10, 1920November 15, 1922PRMEpitacio Pessoa
10Estácio CoimbraPernambucoNovember 15, 1922November 15, 1926Artur Bernardes
11Fernando de Melo VianaMinas GeraisNovember 15, 1926October 24, 1930PRMWashington Luís
▬Vital SoaresBahiaJulio Prestes
The post of Vice President was abolished in the 1934 Constitution and restored in the 1946 Constitution
12Nereu RamosSanta CatarinaSeptember 19, 1946January 31, 1951PSDGaspar Dutra
13Café FilhoRio Grande do NorteJanuary 31, 1951August 24, 1954PSPGetúlio Vargas
VacantAugust 24, 1954January 31, 1956VacantCafé Filho/Carlos Luz/Nereu Ramos
14João GoulartRio Grande do SulJanuary 31, 1956September 7, 1961PTBJuscelino Kubitschek/Jânio Quadros
VacantSeptember 7, 1961April 1, 1964VacantJoão Belchior Marques Goulart
15José Maria AlkminMinas GeraisApril 15, 1964March 15, 1967PSDCastelo Branco
16Pedro AleixoMinas GeraisMarch 15, 1967October 6, 1969ARENACosta e Silva
VacantAugust 31, 1969October 30, 1969VacantBrazilian Military Junta of 1969
17Admiral Augusto Hamann Rademaker GrünewaldGuanabaraOctober 30, 1969March 15, 1974ARENAGarrastazú Medici
18General Adalberto Pereira dos SantosRio Grande do SulMarch 15, 1974March 15, 1979ARENAErnesto Geisel
19Antonio Aureliano Chaves de MendonçaMinas GeraisMarch 15, 1979March 15, 1985ARENAJoão Figueiredo
20José SarneyMaranhãoMarch 15, 1985April 21, 1985PMDBTancredo Neves
VacantApril 21, 1985March 15, 1990VacantJosé Sarney
21Itamar Francoborn at sea between Bahia and Rio de JaneiroMarch 15, 1990December 29, 1992PMDBFernando Collor de Mello
VacantDecember 29, 1992January 1, 1995VacantItamar Franco
22Marco MacielPernambucoJanuary 1, 1995January 1, 2003PFLFernando H. Cardoso
23José AlencarMinas GeraisJanuary 1, 2003January 1, 2011PL, PRBLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva
24Michel TemerSão PauloJanuary 1, 2011August 31, 2016PMDBDilma Rousseff
VacantAugust 31, 2016VacantMichel Temer

See also

References

  1. ↑ President Fernando Collor de Mello was impeached by the Chamber of Deputies, but resigned before being convicted in the Senate, resulting in Itamar Franco becoming President while the trial of Collor continued (eventually resulting in a conviction and his disqualification from public office for eight years).
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