United States Senate elections, 1798 and 1799
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11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections) 17 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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The United States Senate elections of 1798 and 1799 were held at the middle of President John Adams's administration and had no net change in political control of the Senate.
As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.
Results summary
Senate Party Division, 6th Congress (1799–1801)
- Majority Party: Federalist (22)
- Minority Party: Democratic-Republican (9)
- Other Parties: 0
- Total Seats: 31
Change in Senate composition
Before the elections
After the January 19, 1798 election in Delaware.
| DR6 Ran |
DR5 Ran |
DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR7 Ran |
DR8 Ran |
DR9 Unknown |
DR10 Retired |
F22 Retired |
F21 Retired |
F20 Ran |
F19 Ran |
F18 Ran |
F17 |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| F7 | F8 | F9 | F10 | F11 | F12 | F13 | F14 | F15 | F16 |
| F6 | F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | ||||
Results of the elections
| DR6 Re-elected |
DR5 Re-elected |
DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DR7 Re-elected |
DR8 Hold |
DR9 Hold |
DR10 Hold |
F22 Hold |
F21 Hold |
F20 Re-elected |
F19 Re-elected |
F18 Re-elected |
F17 |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| F7 | F8 | F9 | F10 | F11 | F12 | F13 | F14 | F15 | F16 |
| F6 | F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | ||||
Beginning of the next Congress
| DR6 | DR5 | DR4 | DR3 | DR2 | DR1 | ||||
| DR7 | DR8 | DR9 | V1 Died |
F22 | F21 | F20 | F19 | F18 | F17 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Majority → | |||||||||
| F7 | F8 | F9 | F10 | F11 | F12 | F13 | F14 | F15 | F16 |
| F6 | F5 | F4 | F3 | F2 | F1 | ||||
| Key: |
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|---|
Race summaries
Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.
Special elections during the 5th Congress
In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1799; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| New York (Class 1) |
Philip Schuyler | Federalist | 1789 1797 |
Incumbent resigned January 3, 1798 due to ill health. New senator elected January 11, 1798. Federalist hold. Winner later resigned, see below. |
√ John Sloss Hobart (Federalist) 100 John Addison 25 John Armstrong 4 John Taylor 2 James Watson 2 James Cocliram[1] 1[2] |
| Delaware (Class 2) |
John Vining | Federalist | 1792 | Incumbent resigned January 19, 1798. New senator elected January 19, 1798. Federalist hold. Winner died August 11, 1798, see below. |
√ Joshua Clayton (Federalist) 14 James Sykes (Democratic-Republican) 10[3] |
| New York (Class 1) |
William North | Federalist | May 1798 (Appointed) | Interim appointee served until winner qualified. New senator elected August 24, 1798. Federalist hold. |
√ James Watson (Federalist) 87 John Taylor 57[4] |
| South Carolina (Class 2) |
John Hunter | Democratic-Republican | 1796 (Special) | Incumbent resigned November 26, 1798. New senator elected December 6, 1798. Democratic-Republican hold. New senator also elected to next term, see below. |
√ Charles Pinckney (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing.] |
| Tennessee (Class 1) |
Daniel Smith | Democratic-Republican | October 1798 (Appointed) | Interim appointee retired when successor qualified. New senator elected December 12, 1798. Winner qualified upon retirement from other Senate seat on March 3, 1799. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican) 17 William Cocke (Democratic-Republican) 28[5] Daniel Smith (Democratic-Republican) 15 Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican) 1 John Overton 1[6] |
| Delaware (Class 2) |
Joshua Clayton | Federalist | 1798 | Died August 11, 1798. New senator elected January 17, 1799. Federalist hold. Winner also elected to next term, see below. |
√ William H. Wells (Federalist) 14 James Sykes (Democratic-Republican) 12[7] |
| New Jersey (Class 1) |
Franklin Davenport | Federalist | 1798 (Appointed) | Interim appointee served until winner qualified. New senator elected February 21, 1799 on the third ballot. Federalist hold. |
√ James Schureman (Federalist) 26 Thomas Henderson (Federalist) 24 Philemon Dickinson Eliminated in earlier ballot Jonathan Elmer (Federalist) Eliminated in earlier ballot[8] |
Races leading to the 6th Congress
In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1799; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Delaware | Joshua Clayton | Federalist | 1798 | Died August 11, 1798. New senator elected January 17, 1799. Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above. |
√ William H. Wells (Federalist) 14 James Sykes (Democratic-Republican)[9] |
| Georgia | Josiah Tattnall | Democratic-Republican | 1796 | [Data unknown/missing.] New senator elected January 18, 1799. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Abraham Baldwin (Democratic-Republican) 42 Thomas P. Carnes (Federalist) 37[10] |
| Kentucky | John Brown | Democratic-Republican | 1792 (New seat) 1792 |
Incumbent re-elected November 30, 1798. | √ John Brown (Democratic-Republican) 36 Benjamin Logan 23 Stephen Ormsby 11[11] |
| Massachusetts | Theodore Sedgwick | Federalist | 1796 | Incumbent retired to run for the U.S. House of Representatives. New senator elected June 14, 1798. Federalist hold. |
√ Samuel Dexter (Federalist) 102 Others 54[12] |
| New Hampshire | Samuel Livermore | Federalist | 1792 | Incumbent re-elected December 21, 1798. | √ Samuel Livermore (Federalist) 8 Nay 4[13] |
| New Jersey | Richard Stockton | Federalist | 1796 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected November 1, 1798. Federalist hold. |
√ Jonathan Dayton (Federalist) 26 Jonathan Elmer 22[14] |
| North Carolina | Alexander Martin | Democratic-Republican | 1792 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected December 12, 1798 on the ninth ballot.[15] Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) 89 Alexander Martin (Democratic-Republica) 78 Benjamin Smith Eliminated in earlier ballot Blake Baker Jr. Eliminated in earlier ballot[16] |
| Rhode Island | Ray Greene | Federalist | 1797 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected November 1, 1798. | √ Ray Greene (Federalist) Unanimous[17] |
| South Carolina | Charles Pinckney | Democratic-Republican | 1798 | Incumbent re-elected December 6, 1798. | √ Charles Pinckney (Democratic-Republican) [Data unknown/missing.] |
| Tennessee | Joseph Anderson | Democratic-Republican | 1797 (Special) | Incumbent retired when elected to the Class 1 seat (see above). New senator elected December 12, 1798. Democratic-Republican hold. |
√ William Cocke (Democratic-Republican) 28 Joseph Anderson (Democratic-Republican) 17 Daniel Smith (Democratic-Republican) 15 Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican) 1 John Overton 1[6] |
| Virginia | Henry Tazewell | Democratic-Republican | 1794 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1798. Incumbent died January 24, 1799 before the term began. |
√ Henry Tazewell (Democratic-Republican) 117 James Madison (Democratic-Republican) 28 John Marshall (Federalist) 13 James Breckenridge (Federalist) 10 Others 9[18] |
Special elections during the 6th Congress
In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1799, the beginning of the next Congress.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Virginia (Class 2) |
Vacant | Incumbent Henry Tazewell (DR) had been re-elected in 1798 but died January 24, 1799 before the term began. New senator elected December 5, 1799 on the second ballot. Democratic-Republican gain. |
√ Wilson C. Nicholas (Democratic-Republican) 111 John Page 49 Ludwell Lee 1 George K. Taylor 1 James Wood 1[19] | ||
See also
References
- Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
- ↑ May be "James Cocliran"
- ↑ "New York 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). January 24, 1798.
- ↑ "Delaware 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1798. 36.
- ↑ "New York 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). August 29, 1798.
- ↑ Elected instead to other seat.
- 1 2 "Tennessee 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved January 31, 2018. , citing White, Robert Hiram. Messages of the Governors of Tennessee, 1796-1821. Vol. 1. Nashville: The Tennessee Historical Commission, 1952.
- ↑ "Delaware 1799 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1799.
- ↑ "New Jersey 1799 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The Genius of Liberty (Morristown, NJ). February 21, 1799.
- ↑ "Delaware 1799 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1799.
- ↑ "Georgia 1799 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). February 5, 1799.
- ↑ "Kentucky 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The Palladium: A Literary and Political Weekly Repository (Frankfort, KY). December 4, 1798.
- ↑ "Massachusetts 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). June 20, 1798.
- ↑ "New Hampshire 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Journal of the New Hampshire Senate, 1799. 38-45, 50-51. Journal of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, 1799. 42-45.
- ↑ "New Jersey 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The Centinel of Freedom (Newark, NJ). November 6, 1798. The Genius of Liberty (Morristown, NJ). November 8, 1798.
- ↑ "Our Campaigns - NC US Senate Race - Dec 12, 1798". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ↑ "North Carolina 1798 U.S. Senate, Ballot 9". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Legislative Papers for 1798. Box 157. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.
- ↑ "Rhode Island 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The Newport Mercury (Newport, RI). November 6, 1798.
- ↑ "Virginia 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing Samuel Shield to Henry Tazewell. December 13, 1798.
- ↑ "Virginia 1799 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018. , citing The Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 13, 1799. Raleigh Register, and North-Carolina Weekly Advertiser (Raleigh, NC). December 17, 1799.
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