Tokyo proportional representation block

The Tōkyō proportional representation block (Hirei [daihyō] Tōkyō burokku (比例[代表]東京ブロック)) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) "blocks", multi-member constituencies for the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan. It consists solely of the prefecture of Tokyo making it one of two blocks covering only one prefecture, the other being Hokkaido. Following the introduction of proportional voting Tokyo elected 19 representatives by PR in the 1996 general election, and 17 since the election of 2000 when the total number of PR seats was reduced from 200 to 180.

Summary of results

Beyond remote parts of Western Tokyo on the mainland and the Izu and Ogasawara islands, Tokyo's population is concentrated in urban and suburban areas. Reformist and left-of-center parties have usually won a majority of votes and seats. In the landslide "postal privatization" election of 2005 though, the LDP won a record 2.6 million votes in Tokyo; it would have received eight seats but hadn't nominated enough candidates: Of its 30 PR list candidates, 24 concurrently ran in districts; 23 won their district races, leaving only a total of seven list candidates to be elected by PR. One seat went to the SDP as it would have been assigned a hypothetical, 18th seat under the d'Hondt method.

general election	LDP			DPJ			Komeito			JCP			SDP			NFP ('96)/LP ('00)/ TPJ ('12)/PLP ('14)			YP			JRP ('12)/JIP ('14)			Others
general election	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats
1996	1,398,791	27.0	5	1,213,677	23.4	5	–			923,764	17.8	3	280,391	5.4	1	1,275,432	24.6	5	–			–			94,073	1.8	0
2000	1,110,177	19.5	4	1,653,045	29.0	6	726,203	12.7	2	817,045	14.3	2	377,230	6.6	1	776,018	13.6	2	–			–			236,919	4.2	0
2003	1,867,544	32.5	6	2,291,124	39.9	8	805,640	14.0	2	532,376	9.3	1	247,103	4.3	0	–			–			–			–
2005	2,665,417	40.2	(8→)7	1,962,225	29.6	6	820,126	12.4	2	586,017	8.8	1	300,782	4.5	(0→)1	–			–			–			290,027	4.4	0
2009	1,764,696	25.5	5	2,839,081	41.0	8	717,199	10.4	2	665,462	9.6	1	299,032	4.3	0	–			419,903	6.1	1	–			222,094	3.2	0
2012	1,626,057	24.9	5	1,008,011	15.4	3	662,743	10.1	2	484,365	7.4	1	136,889	2.1	0	448,689	6.9	1	762,730	11.7	2	1,298,309	19.9	3	109,814	1.7	0
2014^[1]	1,847,986	32.1	6	939,795	16.3	3	700,127	12.1	2	885,927	15.4	3	129,992	2.3	0	156,170	2.7	0	–			816,047	14.2	3	287,352	5.0	0

Party names are abbreviated as follows (format: abbreviation, translated name, Japanese name, English name):

DPJ "Democratic Party", Minshutō, Democratic Party of Japan
LDP Liberal Democratic Party, Jiyūminshutō
Kōmeitō "Justice Party", Kōmeitō, Komeito
JCP Japanese Communist Party, Nihon Kyōsantō
SDP Social Democratic Party, Shakaiminshutō
NFP New Frontier Party, Shinshintō
LP Liberal Party, Jiyūtō
YP "Everybody's Party", Minna no Tō, Your Party
NSP New Socialist Party, Shin-shakaitō
LL Liberal League, Jiyū-rengō
IC "Assembly of Independents", Mushozoku no Kai, Independents' Club
SP Socialist Party, Shakaitō
CP Conservative Party, Hoshutō
NPN New Party Nippon, Shintō Nippon
PNP People's New Party, Kokumin Shintō
HRP Happiness Realization Party, Kōfuku-jitsugen-tō

List of representatives

Note: Party affiliations as of election day.

Years	Elected Representatives
1996–	Tetsuzō Fuwa	Mutsumi Sasaki	Taketoshi Nakajima	Nobuto Hosaka	Eiko Ishige	Sadao Yamahana died 1999, replaced by Osamu Shibutani	Banri Kaieda
	Yukihisa Fujita	Kōki Ishii	Masamitsu Jōjima	Shōzō Azuma	Otohiko Endō	Akihiro Ōta	Keiichi Ishii
	Takashi Fukaya	Hyōsuke Kujiraoka	Ichirō Takahashi	Kiyoshi Ozawa	Michio Ochi	–
2000–	Tetsuzō Fuwa	Tomio Yamaguchi	Nobuto Hosaka	Tetsundo Iwakuni	Masamitsu Jōjima	Muneaki Samejima	Kazuo Inoue
	Eiko Ishige	Hirosato Nakatsugawa	Shōzō Azuma	Yoshio Suzuki	Akihiro Ōta	Yōsuke Takagi	Midori Matsushima
	Kunio Hatoyama	Tatsuya Itō	Ichirō Takahashi	–
2003–	Tomio Yamaguchi	Yukihiko Akutsu	Yukihisa Fujita	Kazuo Inoue	Muneaki Samejima	Hisashi Shimada	Hirosato Nakatsugawa
	Eiko Ishige	Noboru Usami	Yōsuke Takagi	Michiyo Takagi	Eita Yashiro	Kunio Hatoyama	Tatsuya Itō
	Kaoru Yosano	Ichirō Kamoshita	Takashi Kosugi	–
2005–	Akira Kasai	Nobuto Hosaka	Yoshinori Suematsu	Kōichi Katō	Yōko Komiyama	Akihisa Nagashima	Akira Nagatsuma
	Jin Matsubara	Yōsuke Takagi	Michiyo Takagi	Kuniko Inoguchi	Yamatada Tsuchiya	Kazuo Aichi	Jun'ichirō Yasui
	Kenji Wakamiya	Taku Ōtsuka	Seiichirō Shimizu	–
2009–	Akira Kasai	Kumiko Hayakawa	Mitsuaki Takeda	Eiko Ichige	Kōki Kobayashi	Kōichi Yoshida	Tomotarō Kawashima
	Hirosato Nakatsugawa	Kōichirō Watanabe	Mito Kakizawa	Yōsuke Takagi	Michiyo Takagi	Ichirō Kamoshita	Masaaki Taira
	Kaoru Yosano	Yuriko Koike	Isshū Sugawara	–
2012–	Akira Kasai	Ai Aoki	Banri Kaieda	Jin Matsubara	Naoto Kan	Toshiaki Ōkuma	Hidehiro Mitani
	Shintarō Ishihara	Hirofumi Imamura	Hiroshi Yamada	Yōsuke Takagi	Michiyo Takagi	Kiyoshi Odawara	Tsukasa Akimoto
	Fumiaki Matsumoto	Tsuneo Akaeda	Tsuyoshi Tabata	–
2014–^[1]	Akira Kasai	Tōru Miyamoto	Saori Ikeuchi	Akihisa Nakajima	Jin Matsubara	Naoto Kan	Takayuki Ochiai
	Akihiro Hatsushika	Takatane Kiuchi	Yōsuke Takagi	Michiyo Takaki	Tsukasa Akimoto	Fumiaki Matsumoto	Hayato Suzuki
	Megumi Maekawa	Masaru Wakasa resigned 2016, replaced by Tsuyoshi Tabata	Tsuneo Akaeda

Election result 2009

Tokyo block results in the 2009 general election^[2]^[3]
#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio" (sekihairitsu)	Elected	#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected	#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
LDP: 1,764,696 votes (25.5%), 5 seats					DPJ: 2,839,081 votes (41.0%), 8 seats					Kōmeitō: 717,199 votes (10.4%), 2 seats
1	Ichirō Kamoshita	Tokyo 13	97.3%	Elected	1	Kumiko Hayakawa	Tokyo 17	77.1%	Elected	1	Yōsuke Takagi	PR only		Elected
	Masaaki Taira	Tokyo 4	93.5%	Elected		Banri Kaieda	Tokyo 1	Won district		2	Michiyo Takagi			Elected
	Kaoru Yosano	Tokyo 1	91.7%	Elected		Yoshikatsu Nakayama	Tokyo 2	Won district		3	Tomio Yoshida			–
	Yuriko Koike	Tokyo 10	91.6%	Elected		Jin Matsubara	Tokyo 3	Won district		4	Isoroku Endō			–
	Isshū Sugawara	Tokyo 9	89.9%	Elected		Norihiko Fujita	Tokyo 4	Won district		JCP: 665,462 votes (9.6%), 1 seat
	Nobuteru Ishihara	Tokyo 8	Won district			Yoshio Tezuka	Tokyo 5	Won district		#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
	Hakubun Shimomura	Tokyo 11	Won district			Yōko Komiyama	Tokyo 6	Won district		1	Akira Kasai	PR only		Elected
	Katsuei Hirasawa	Tokyo 17	Won district			Akira Nagatsuma	Tokyo 7	Won district		2	Tomoyuki Tanigawa	PR only		–
	Shinji Inoue	Tokyo 25	Won district			Takatane Kiuchi	Tokyo 9	Won district		3	Mariko Ikeda	Tokyo 20	(23.1%)	–
	Midori Matsushima	Tokyo 14	84.6%	–		Takako Ebata	Tokyo 10	Won district		4	Michinobu Tokutome	Tokyo 11	(31.1%)	–
	Kōichi Hagiuda	Tokyo 24	81.9%	–		Ai Aoki	Tokyo 12	Won district		SDP: 299,032 votes (4.3%), no seat
	Yukari Satō	Tokyo 5	81.0%	–		Tairō Hirayama	Tokyo 13	Won district		#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
	Ben Kimura	Tokyo 15	76.1%	–		Taketsuka Kimura	Tokyo 14	Won district		1	Nobuto Hosaka	Tokyo 8	(79.1%)	–
	Tatsuya Itō	Tokyo 22	75.7%	–		Shōzō Azuma	Tokyo 15	Won district		2	Ikkei Ikeda	PR only		–
	Hirotaka Ishihara	Tokyo 3	74.3%	–		Akihiro Hatsushika	Tokyo 16	Won district		YP: 419,903 votes (6.1%), 1 seat
	Seiji Kihara	Tokyo 20	70.2%	–		Naoto Kan	Tokyo 18	Won district		#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
	Kōsuke Itō	Tokyo 23	64.4%	–		Yoshinori Suematsu	Tokyo 19	Won district		1	Mito Kakizawa	Tokyo 15	(36.9%)	Elected
	Yōhei Matsumoto	Tokyo 19	62.0%	–		Kōichi Katō	Tokyo 20	Won district		NPN: 100,381 votes (1.4%), no seat
	Takao Ochi	Tokyo 6	59.0%	–		Akihisa Nagashima	Tokyo 21	Won district		#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
	Yūichi Ogawa	Tokyo 21	55.9%	–		Ikuo Yamahana	Tokyo 22	Won district		1	Yoshifu Arita	Tokyo 11	(97.0%)	–
	Masatada Tsuchiya	Tokyo 18	54.0%	–		Mari Kushibuchi	Tokyo 23	Won district		2	Yūichi Gotō	PR only		–
	Fumiaki Matsumoto	Tokyo 7	47.4%	–		Yukihiko Akutsu	Tokyo 24	Won district		HRP: 35,667 votes (0.5%), no seat
23	Kenji Wakamiya	PR only		–	23	Mitsuaki Takeda	PR only		Elected	#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected
24	Jun'ichirō Yasui			–	24	Eiko Ishige			Elected	1	Zuishō Motochikawa	PR only		–
25	Kazuo Aichi			–	25	Kōki Kobayashi			Elected	2	Dr. NakaMats			–
26	Masaaki Kuniyasu			–	26	Kōichi Yoshida			Elected	3	Juninosuke Kawaguchi			–
27	Hideo Ōnishi			–	27	Tomotarō Kawashima			Elected	4	Fumiya Satō			–
28	Kazuo Ishida			–	28	Hirosato Nakatsugawa			Elected	5	Tadahiko Saitō			–
PNP: 86,046 votes (1.2%), 0 seats					29	Kōichirō Watanabe			Elected	6	Kōji Shirotori			–
#	Candidate	District	"Loss ratio"	Elected	30	Shigeko Shinohara			–	7	Jikidō Aeba			–
1	Keiichirō Nakamura	PR only		–	–
2	Tarō Masago	Tokyo 25	(45.5%)	–	–

References

1 2 Yomiuri Shimbun: 2014 House of Representatives election results, proportional representation, Tokyo block (in Japanese)
↑ Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Results of the 2009 general election
↑ Yomiuri Shimbun: Election feature 2009

JANJAN, The Senkyo: Results of general and by-elections for the House of Representatives 1890–2010

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[yomiuri_2014-1] 1 2 Yomiuri Shimbun: 2014 House of Representatives election results, proportional representation, Tokyo block (in Japanese)

[2] Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Results of the 2009 general election

[3] Yomiuri Shimbun: Election feature 2009

Tokyo's electoral districts for the Diet of Japan
FPTP "small" districts (1996–present) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 PR Tokyo PR block House of Councillors At-large (25 Representatives (PR block: 19→17), 8→10 Councillors)
SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1947–1993) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (43 Representatives, 8 Councillors)
Limited voting "large" districts (1946) 1 2 (22 Representatives)
SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1928–1942) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (31 Representatives)
FPTP/SNTV "small" districts (1920–1924) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 (25 Representatives)
SNTV "large" districts (1902–1917) Tokyo city counties (gunbu) (16 Representatives)
FPTP/bloc voting "small" districts (1890–1898) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (12 Representatives)

First-past-the-post (FPTP) districts and proportional representation (PR) "blocks" for the Japanese House of Representatives since 1996
Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Tadamori Ōshima, Aomori-3rd Vice Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Hirotaka Akamatsu, Aichi-5th
Hokkaidō (8 PR block seats, 12 FPTP district seats)	Hokkaidō 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (7) 8 9 10 11 12 (13)
Tōhoku (13 PR block seats, 23 FPTP district seats)	Aomori 1 2 3 (4) Iwate 1 2 3 (4) Miyagi 1 2 3 4 5 6 Akita 1 2 3 Yamagata 1 2 3 (4) Fukushima 1 2 3 4 5
Kita- (North) Kantō (19 PR block seats, 32 FPTP district seats)	Ibaraki 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tochigi 1 2 3 4 5 Gunma 1 2 3 4 5 Saitama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Minami- (South) Kantō (22 PR block seats, 33 FPTP district seats)	Chiba 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Kanagawa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Yamanashi 1 2 (3)
Tokyo (17 PR block seats, 25 FPTP district seats)	Tokyo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Hokuriku-Shin'etsu (11 PR block seats, 19 FPTP district seats)	Niigata 1 2 3 4 5 6 Toyama 1 2 3 Ishikawa 1 2 3 Fukui 1 2 (3) Nagano 1 2 3 4 5
Tōkai (21 PR block seats, 32 FPTP district seats)	Gifu 1 2 3 4 5 Shizuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (9) Aichi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mie 1 2 3 4 (5)
Kinki (28 PR block seats, 47 FPTP district seats)	Shiga 1 2 3 4 Kyoto 1 2 3 4 5 6 Osaka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Hyōgo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nara 1 2 3 (4) Wakayama 1 2 3
Chūgoku (11 PR block seats, 20 FPTP district seats)	Tottori 1 2 Shimane 1 2 (3) Okayama 1 2 3 4 5 Hiroshima 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Yamaguchi 1 2 3 4
Shikoku (6 PR block seats, 11 FPTP district seats)	Tokushima 1 2 (3) Kagawa 1 2 3 Ehime 1 2 3 4 Kōchi 1 2 (3)
Kyūshū (20 PR block seats, 35 FPTP district seats)	Fukuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Saga 1 2 (3) Nagasaki 1 2 3 4 Kumamoto 1 2 3 4 (5) Ōita 1 2 3 (4) Miyazaki 1 2 3 Kagoshima 1 2 3 4 (5) Okinawa 1 2 3 4
(in parentheses): districts eliminated in the 2002, 2013 and 2017 reapportionments