Timeline of Mashhad

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mashhad, Iran.

Prior to 20th century

Part of a series on the
History of Iran
Mythological history Pishdadian dynasty Kayanian dynasty
Ancient period BC Prehistory of Iran Ancient Times–4000 Kura–Araxes culture 3400–2000 Proto-Elamite 3200–2700 Jiroft culture c. 3100 – c. 2200 Elam 2700–539 Akkadian Empire 2400–2150 Kassites c. 1500 – c. 1155 Neo-Assyrian Empire 911–609 Urartu 860–590 Mannaeans 850–616
Imperial period Median Empire 678–550 BC (Scythian Kingdom) 652–625 BC Neo-Babylonian Empire 626 BC–539 BC Achaemenid Empire 550–330 BC Kingdom of Armenia 331 BC – 428 AD Atropatene 320s BC – 3rd century AD Kingdom of Cappadocia 320s BC – 17 AD Seleucid Empire 312–63 BC Kingdom of Pontus 281–62 BC Frataraka dynasty 3rd-century BC – c. 222 AD Parthian Empire 247 BC – 224 AD Suren Kingdom 119 BC – 240 AD Sasanian Empire 224–651 Zarmihrids 6th century – 785 Qarinvandids 550s – 11th century
Medieval period Rashidun Caliphate 632-661 Umayyad Caliphate 661–750 Abbasid Caliphate 750–1258 Dabuyids 642–760 Bavandids 651–1349 Masmughans of Damavand 651–760 Paduspanids 665–1598 Justanids 791 – 11th century Alid dynasties 864 – 14th century Tahirid dynasty 821–873 Samanid Empire 819–999 Saffarid dynasty 861–1003 Ghurid dynasty pre-879 – 1141 Sajid dynasty 889–929 Sallarid dynasty 919–1062 Ziyarid dynasty 930–1090 Ilyasids 932–968 Buyid dynasty 934–1062 Ghaznavid dynasty 977–1186 Kakuyids 1008–1141 Nasrid dynasty 1029–1236 Shabankara 1030–1355 Seljuk Empire 1037–1194 Khwarazmian dynasty 1077–1231 Eldiguzids 1135–1225 Atabegs of Yazd 1141–1319 Salghurids 1148–1282 Hazaraspids 1155–1424 Mihrabanids 1236–1537 Kurt dynasty 1244–1396 Ilkhanate Empire 1256–1335 Chobanid dynasty 1335–1357 Muzaffarid dynasty 1335–1393 Jalairid dynasty 1337–1376 Sarbadars 1337–1376 Injuids 1335–1357 Afrasiyab dynasty 1349–1504 Marashis 1359–1596 Timurid Empire 1370–1507 Karkiya dynasty 1370s–1592 Kara Koyunlu 1406–1468 Aq Qoyunlu 1468–1508
Early modern period Safavid dynasty 1501–1736 (Hotak dynasty) 1722–1729 Afsharid dynasty 1736–1796 Talysh Khanate 1747–1826 Zand dynasty 1751–1794 Qajar dynasty 1789–1925
Modern period Pahlavi dynasty 1925–1979 Interim Government 1979 Islamic Republic 1979–present
Related articles Name Monarchs Heads of state Economic history Military history Wars
Timeline Iran portal

• 818 - Death of Ali al-Ridha (8th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam) at Sanābādh; Imam Reza shrine established.^[1]
• 970s-990s - Imam Reza shrine demolished "in an act of fanaticism" by Ghaznavid Nāṣer-al-dawla Sübüktigin.^[2]
• 1009 - Imam Reza shrine rebuilt.^[2]
• 1121 - Town wall built.^[1]
• 1161 - Mashhad sacked by Ghuzz Turks.^[1]
• 1389 - Nearby Tus besieged and "left a heap of ruins" by forces of Timurid Miran Shah; refugees flee to Mashhad.^[1]
• 1418 - Goharshad Mosque built.^[3]
• 1426 - Bala-yi sar madrasa built at the Imam Reza shrine.^[3]
• 1439 - Du-dar madrasa built at the Imam Reza shrine.^[3]
• 1501 - Twelver Shia Islam declared official state religion in Iran, a development beneficial to Mashhad as a holy city (approximate date).^[1][4]
• 1507 - Mashhad taken by forces of Uzbek Muhammad Shaybani.^[1]
• 1544 - Mashhad sacked by Uzbek forces.^[1]
• 1589 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Shaybanid Abd al-Mumin.^[1]
• 1598 - Mashhad taken by forces of Abbas I of Persia; Uzbeks defeated.^[1]
• 1722 - Afghan Abdalis in power.^[1]
• 1726 - Mashhad besieged by Persian forces.^[1]
• 1753 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Afghan Ahmad Shah Durrani.^[1]
• 1803 - Mashhad besieged by forces of Fath Ali Shah.^[1]
• 1849 - Mashhad taken by forces of Husam al-Saltana.^[5]
• 1876 - Palace of Abbas Mirza built.^[5]

20th century

• 1912 - 29 March: Bombing of city by Russians.^[5]
• 1918
  • Mashhad municipality (administrative entity) formed.^[6]
  • Kashef al-molk becomes mayor.^[6]
• 1920 - Population: 70,000-80,000 (approximate estimate).^[7]
• 1925 / 1304 SH - 31 March: Solar Hijri calendar legally adopted in Iran.
• 1949 - Razavi University established.
• 1959 - Nader Shah Mausoleum erected.^[8]
• 1963 - Population: 312,186 (estimate).^[9]
• 1964 - Astan Quds Razavi Central Museum inaugurated.
• 1966 - Mashhad railway station opens.
• 1968 - سینما هویزه (cinema) established.
• 1970 - سینما قدس (مشهد) (cinema) established.
• 1971 - سینما آفریقا (مشهد) (cinema) established.
• 1980 - باغ‌وحش وکیل‌آباد (zoo) established.
• 1982 - Population: 1,120,000 (estimate).^[10]
• 1983 - Samen Stadium opens.
• 1995 - Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi new building opens.
• 1996 - Population: 1,887,405.^[11]

21st century

• 2004
  • Proma Hypermarket in business.
  • City becomes part of the newly formed Razavi Khorasan Province.
• 2011
  • Mashhad Urban Railway begins operating.
  • Siah Jamegan Aboumoslem Khorasan F.C. (football club) formed.
  • پیست دوچرخه‌سواری مشهد (velodrome) opens.
  • Imam Reza Stadium construction begins.
  • Population: 2,766,258.^[12]
• 2013 - 14 June: Local election held.
• 2014
  • Sowlat Mortazavi becomes mayor.^[6]
  • City becomes part of newly formed national administrative Region 5.

See also

• History of Mashhad
• List of mayors of Mashhad
• Timelines of other cities in Iran: Bandar Abbas, Hamadan, Isfahan, Kerman, Qom, Shiraz, Tabriz, Tehran, Yazd

References

This article incorporates information from the Persian Wikipedia.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mashhad.

• Items related to Mashhad, various dates (via Qatar Digital Library)
• "(Mashhad)". Women's Worlds in Qajar Iran. Harvard University. Primary-source materials related to the social and cultural history of women's worlds in Qajar Iran
• Items related to Mashhad, various dates (via Europeana)
• Items related to Mashhad, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
• "(Mashhad)", Asnad.org: Digital Persian Archive, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Image Database of Persian Historical Documents from Iran and Central Asia up to the 20th Century