Kfar Abida

Kfar Abida
Kfarabida
كفرعبيدا
Village
Country  Lebanon
Governorate North Governorate
District Batroun District
Elevation 700 ft (200 m)
Population (2007)
 • Total 9,613
Kfar Abida
Shown within Lebanon
Location 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of Batroun, Lebanon
Region North Governorate
Coordinates 34°13′35″N 35°39′36″E / 34.226389°N 35.66°E / 34.226389; 35.66
History
Periods Heavy Neolithic, Neolithic
Cultures Qaraoun culture
Site notes
Condition Ruins
Public access Yes
Heavy Neolithic flint tools of the Qaraoun culture found at Mtaileb I - Massive nosed scraper on a flake with irregular jagged edges, notches and "noses".

Kfar Abida is a village located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of Batroun in the Batroun District of North Governorate in Lebanon.[1]

Archaeological sites

Tell Kfarabida

Tell Kfarabida is a tell that was first reported on by R. Wetzel and J. Haller in 1945 above the cemented beach deposits at 6 metres (20 ft).[2] A few Levallois flint flakes were found in part of the site on top of a dune.[3] Recent studies by Hermann Genz and Hélène Sader from the American University of Beirut have shown that the tell was inhabited up until the Early Bronze Age when it was abandoned in the late third millennium BCE.[4][5] Ralph Pederson from the University of Marburg also conducted a study in the maritime archaeology of the coast around Tell Kfarabida. Pederson suggested that the locale of "Tell Kfarabida " could have been used as harbourage by Bronze Age fishermen, as attested to by remains of fish and seashells found at the tell. He also found a neolithic flint blade in the shallows at Tell Kfarabida .[6]

Kfarabida Sud

Kfarabida Sud is a Heavy Neolithic site of the Qaraoun culture located south of the tell, some 300 metres (980 ft) south of the village. It was discovered by Maurice Tallon in 1957 between the sea and the road. The site was found to extend east of the road in 1966 by W.E. Wendt, when material was recovered and the site examined by Lorraine Copeland and Henri Fleisch . The large site covers the 400 metres (1,300 ft) either side of the main road up to the side of a wadi.[7]

Kfarabida Sud proved to be an enormous Heavy Neolithic flint factory site with finds forming a wide-ranging assemblage in grey flint and cream chert that included large cores and flakes as well as scrapers, rabots, long blades, end scrapers, racloirs and a group of triangular flakes. Material from the beach had a whiter patina than that found nearer the road. The assemblage showed distinct similarities to that of the Heavy Neolithic type site at Qaraoun II and was classed as Neolithic. The finds were stored with the Saint Joseph University.[7] A new study of this lithic site south of Tell Kfarabida was carried out in 2005 by Dörte Rokitta-Krumnow.[8]

References

  1. ↑ Robert Boulanger (1966). The Middle East, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran, p. 178. Hachette. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  2. ↑ Wetzel, R. & Haller, J., Le Quartinaire de la région de Tripoli. Notes et Mémoires de la Délégation Générale de France au Liban. Section Géologique, No. 4, Beirut, 1945.
  3. ↑ Lorraine Copeland; P. Wescombe (1965). Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, p. 85,. Imprimerie Catholique. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
  4. ↑ Genz, H. and Sader, H. 2007 Excavations at the Early Bronze Age Site of Tell Kfarabida  : Preliminary Report on the 2007 Season of Excavations. Bulletin d’Archéologie et d’Architecture Libanaises 11: 7-16., 2007.
  5. ↑ Riehl, S. and Deckers, K. (2007). Plant Remains. In: H. Genz. (ed) Tell Kfarabida (Lebanon). Baal 9, 84-88.
  6. ↑ Kfarabida Pederson, Ralph., The Underwater survey at Tell Kfarabida , pp. 17-23, BAAL 11, 2007.
  7. 1 2 L. Copeland; P. Wescombe (1966). Inventory of Stone-Age Sites in Lebanon: North, South and East-Central Lebanon, p. 158. Impr. Catholique. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
  8. ↑ Rokitta D., A lithic site southeast of Tell Kfarabida: Preliminary observations. Baal 9 (2005) 100-101.
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