Spring Grove Cemetery
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Spring Grove Cemetery | |
 The Gothic Revival Dexter Memorial at Spring Grove Cemetery & Arboretum | |
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| Location | Cincinnati, Ohio |
|---|---|
| Built | 1845 |
| Architect | Adolph Strauch et al. |
| Architectural style | Gothic Revival |
| NRHP reference # | 76001440[1] |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | May 13, 1976 |
| Designated NHLD | March 29, 2007 |
Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum (733 acres) is a nonprofit garden cemetery and arboretum located at 4521 Spring Grove Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio. It is the second largest cemetery in the United States[2] and is recognized as a US National Historic Landmark.
History
The cemetery dates from 1844, when members of the Cincinnati Horticultural Society formed a cemetery association. They took their inspiration from contemporary rural cemeteries such as Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, and Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts.[3] The numerous springs and groves suggested the name "Spring Grove".[4] On December 1, 1844 Salmon P. Chase and others prepared the Articles of Incorporation. The cemetery was designed by Howard Daniels[5] and formally chartered on January 21, 1845. The first burial took place on September 1, 1845.
In 1855, Adolph Strauch, a renowned landscape architect, was hired to beautify the grounds.[6] His sense and layout of the "garden cemetery" made of lakes, trees and shrubs, is what visitors today still see. He created a more open landscape by setting limits on private enclosures and monument heights.[7] The results of the redesign earned Strauch praise in the U.S. and abroad,[8] including from Frederick Law Olmsted and the French landscape architect Edouard André.[9] On March 29, 2007, the cemetery was designated a National Historic Landmark.[10] The Spring Grove Cemetery Chapel is listed separately on the National Register of Historic Places.
On October 23, 2013, cemetery staff removed a large and potentially disturbing SpongeBob SquarePants headstone from the grave of U.S. Army Corporal Kimberly Walker and another for her still-living sister a day after her funeral. The family believed they had permission from a worker, whom management said had erred.[11] In February 2014, both parties agreed to replace the statues with granite slabs largely hiding them from passersby.[12]
Description
Spring Grove encompasses 733 acres (2.97 km2) of which 400 acres (1.6 km2) are currently landscaped and maintained. Its grounds include 12 ponds,[13] many fine tombstones and memorials, and various examples of Gothic Revival architecture.
As of 2005, its National Champion trees were Cladrastis kentukea and Halesia diptera; its State Champion trees included Abies cilicica, Abies koreana, Cedrus libani, Chionanthus virginicus, Eucommia ulmoides, Halesia parvifolia, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Phellodendron amurense, Picea orientalis, Picea polita, Pinus flexilis, Pinus griffithi, Pinus monticola, Quercus cerris, Quercus nigra, Taxodium distichum, Ulmus serotina, and Zelkova serrata.
Notable burials
See also Category:Burials at Spring Grove Cemetery.
- Jacob Ammen, Civil War general[14]
- Nicholas Longworth Anderson, Civil War colonel[14]
- Joshua Hall Bates, Civil War general[14]
- Charles Elwood Brown, Civil War Brevet Brigadier General and U.S. Representative[14]
- George K. Brady, United States Army officer. Briefly commander of the Department of Alaska
- Sidney Burbank, Civil War colonel[14]
- Jacob Burnet, US Senator[15]
- Samuel Fenton Cary, Congressman, prohibitionist[16]
- Salmon P. Chase, Chief Justice of the United States[17]
- Kate Chase, daughter of Salmon Chase and Washington, D.C. Civil War socialite
- Henry M. Cist, Civil War brevet brigadier general[14]
- Levi Coffin, Quaker abolitionist[18]
- Arthur F. Devereux, Brevet Brigadier General during the Civil War; from Salem, Massachusetts[14]
- Daniel Drake, physician and writer[19]
- Joseph Benson Foraker, Governor of Ohio, U.S. Senator, Judge, American Civil War Captain
- Manning Force, Civil War Brevet Brigadier General, Medal of Honor recipient[14]
A swan off the shore of Geyser Lake, one of the small bodies of water located within the cemetery. - Charles L. Fleischmann, yeast manufacturer
- James Gamble, co-founder of Procter & Gamble Company[20]
- Kenner Garrard, Civil War general[14]
- Heinie Groh, Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame third baseman[21]
- Theodore Sommers Henderson, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church
- Andrew Hickenlooper, Civil War general[14]
- Joseph Hooker, Civil War general and commander of the Army of the Potomac at the Battle of Chancellorsville[17]
- Waite Hoyt, professional baseball player; Hall of Fame pitcher[22]
- Miller Huggins, Hall of Fame baseball manager of New York Yankees during Babe Ruth era[22]
- Isaac M. Jordan, one of the seven founders of Sigma Chi Fraternity[23]
- Bernard Kroger, founder of Kroger supermarkets[20]
- Alexander Long, Congressman
- Nicholas Longworth (winemaker), Father of American grape culture
- Nicholas Longworth, American politician, Speaker of the US House of Representatives, grandson of Nicholas Longworth (winemaker)
- William Haines Lytle, 19th century Ohio, general, politician, poet
- Joseph Mason, artist, who was an uncredited assistant to John James Audubon in illustrating the Birds of America
- Alexander McDowell McCook, Union army general
- Charles Pettit McIlvaine, Episcopal bishop, author, educator and twice Chaplain of the United States Senate
- John McLean, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- Stanley Matthews, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
- George Hunt Pendleton, Congressman and US Senator
- William Procter, co-founder of Procter and Gamble[20]
- Skip Prosser, Wake Forest University men's basketball head coach at the time of his death, former assistant and head men's basketball coach at Xavier University
- Henry Stanbery, Attorney General of the United States
- Dudley Sutphin, Cincinnati attorney, judge and French Legion of Honor medal winner
- Alphonso Taft, politician, father of President of the United States William Howard Taft
- Charles Phelps Taft II, Mayor of Cincinnati and son of President William Howard Taft
- Louise Taft, second wife of Alphonso Taft and mother of William Howard Taft
- John Morgan Walden, Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church
- Godfrey Weitzel, Civil War general
- Frances Wright, pioneering feminist, abolitionist, and freethinker
- Adolph Strauch, landscape architect, designer of Spring Grove Cemetery
See also
Notes
- ↑ National Park Service (2007-01-23). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110728050627/http://www.springgrove.org/Cemeteries.shtm. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2011. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ The Cincinnati Cemetery of Spring Grove, Report for 1857. C. F. Bradley, printers. 1857. p. 3.
- ↑ Picturesque Cincinnati. John Shillito Company. 1883. p. 194.
- ↑ "A Walk in the Park: Spring Grove Cemetery". Cincinnati.com. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ Stradling, David (1 October 2003). Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis. Arcadia Publishing. p. 35. Retrieved 2013-05-25.
- ↑ "Spring Grove Cemetery | The Cultural Landscape Foundation". tclf.org. Retrieved 2018-03-22.
- ↑ Ratterman, Heinrich (1905). Spring Grove and Its Creator. Edited by Don H. Tolzmann. Cincinnati: [Reprint 1988] Ohio Book Store.
- ↑ André, Édouard (1879). L'art des jardins / traité général de la composition des parcs et jardins (in French). Paris: G. Masson. p. 868.
- ↑ "National Historic Landmarks Designated". National Park Service. 13 April 2007. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
- ↑ "Ms Walker's family are furious with the graveyard's U-turn after paying $13,000 (£8,000) for the headstone and getting copyright approval from Nickelodeon". Metro.co.uk. 23 October 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
- ↑ "Family, cemetery reinstall SpongeBob headstones but with changes". Cincinnati: Hearst Television Inc. 14 February 2014. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ Rolfes, Steven (Oct 29, 2012). Cincinnati Landmarks. Arcadia Publishing. p. 43. Retrieved 2013-05-19.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Judge Civil War Generals" (PDF). The Spring Grove Family. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ "Judge Jacob Burnet". The Spring Grove Family. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ Spencer, Thomas E. (1998). Where They're Buried: A Directory Containing More Than Twenty Thousand Names of Notable Persons Buried in American Cemeteries, with Listings of Many Prominent People who Were Cremated. Genealogical Publishing Com. p. 264. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
- 1 2 "Judge Jacob Notable Burials". The Spring Grove Family. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ "Levi Coffin". National Park Service. Retrieved July 17, 2014.
- ↑ Juettner, Otto (1909). 1785-1909: Daniel Drake and his followers; historical and biographical sketches. Harvey Publishing Company. p. 70. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
- 1 2 3 "Spring Grove Cemetery". Cincinnati.com. Archived from the original on July 25, 2014. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
- ↑ "Heinie Groh Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
- 1 2 Cook, William A. (2004). Waite Hoyt: A Biography of the Yankees' Schoolboy Wonder. McFarland. p. 209. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
- ↑ "Isaac M. Jordan". Sigma Chi Fraternity. Retrieved July 18, 2014.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Spring Grove Cemetery, Cincinnati. |
- Spring Grove Cemetery and Arboretum
- Forty Civil War generals buried in Spring Grove Cemetery
- Spring Grove Entrance
Coordinates: 39°09′52″N 84°31′22″W / 39.164559°N 84.522672°W