Silphium (genus)

Silphium
Silphium integrifolium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Asterids
Order:Asterales
Family:Asteraceae
Subfamily:Asteroideae
Supertribe:Helianthodae
Tribe:Heliantheae
Genus:Silphium
L.
Type species
Silphium asteriscus

Silphium is a genus of North American plants in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family.[1][2]

Members of the genus, commonly known as rosinweeds, are herbaceous perennial plants growing to 0.2 m (8 in) to more than 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) tall, with yellow (rarely white) flowerheads that resemble sunflowers. In the rosinweeds, the outer florets in the head are fertile and the inner florets are sterile;[3] in the sunflowers, the reverse is true.[4]

The name of the genus comes from the Ancient Greek word for a North African plant whose identity has been lost, though it is known its gum or juice was prized by the ancients as a medicine and a condiment.[3]

Species

Species in the genus include:[5][3][6][7][8][9]

Formerly included

Numerous species are now regarded as members of the genera Berlandiera and Verbesina.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Linnaeus, Carl (1753). Species Plantarum (in Latin). 2. pp. 919–920.
  2. ↑ "Silphium L.". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  3. 1 2 3 Clevinger, Jennifer A. "Silphium". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). New York and Oxford. Retrieved 2008-06-24 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  4. ↑ Schilling, Edward E. (2006). "Helianthus". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee. Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). 21. New York and Oxford – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. 1 2 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Archived 2014-11-06 at Archive.is
  6. ↑ International Organization for Plant Information (IOPI). "Plant Name Search". International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
  7. ↑ "Silphium". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 2008-06-24.
  8. ↑ "Silphium". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 2011-02-16.
  9. ↑ "Silphium". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  • Media related to Silphium (category) at Wikimedia Commons
  • Data related to Silphium at Wikispecies
  • "Silphium". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA.


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