Sam Spiegel

Sam Spiegel
Born Samuel P. Spiegel
November 11, 1901
Jarosław, Austrian Poland
Died December 31, 1985(1985-12-31) (aged 84)
Saint Martin, in the Caribbean[1]
Alma mater University of Vienna
Occupation film producer
Years active 1927–1983
Notable work On the Waterfront, The Bridge on the River Kwai, Lawrence of Arabia
Spouse(s) Lynn Baggett (divorce)
Rachel Agranovich (m. 1920)
Betty Spiegel (m. 1958–1985, his death)
Children 2
Awards Irving Thalberg Memorial Award

Samuel P. Spiegel (November 11, 1901 – December 31, 1985) was a Austro-Polish-born American independent film producer. He was the first to win the Academy Award for Best Picture three times, and the only one to be the sole producer on all three winning films.[2]

Early life

Spiegel was born to a Jewish family[3] in Jarosław, Galicia, Austria-Hungary (now in Poland). His parents were Regina and Simon Spiegel (a tobacco wholesaler).[4] He received his education at the University of Vienna. His brother was Shalom Spiegel, a professor of medieval Hebrew poetry.

Career

Spiegel worked briefly in Hollywood in 1927 following a stint serving with Hashomer Hatzair in Palestine. He then went to Berlin to produce German and French adaptations of Universal films until 1933 when he fled Germany. As an independent producer, Spiegel helped produce a number of European films.

In 1938, he immigrated to Mexico and subsequently the United States.

Between 1935 and 1954, Spiegel billed himself as S. P. Eagle; after that he used his real name. His nickname was the "velvet octopus" after his propensity to entwine himself with women in the back of taxis and manage Hollywood with a velvet touch according to Billy Wilder. He loved London and admired the British, as is reflected in his films The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) and Lawrence of Arabia (1962), both of which won seven Academy Awards including Best Picture. Starting with the 1951 film The African Queen, he produced films through his British-based production company Horizon Pictures.

In a review in Variety of a Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni's biography of Spiegel, Wendy Smith notes: "It's all here: the sleazy financial maneuvers and creepy taste for underage girls that make Spiegel a decidedly flawed protagonist, as well as the wit, sophistication, and Old World charm that make him a titanic figure the likes of which the movie industry will not see again"[5]

Awards

Spiegel won the Academy Award for Best Picture for Elia Kazan's On the Waterfront and a further two times for his two collaborations with British director David Lean, The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) and Lawrence of Arabia (1962). In 1963, he was awarded the Irving Thalberg Memorial Award at that year's Academy Awards for his many contributions to cinema.

Sexual misconduct allegations

American actress Theresa Russell alleged that she was sexually propositioned by Spiegel during her first casting session for his 1976 film The Last Tycoon.[6] In another interview, Russell recalled: "I was 16 years old and still living at home, and he took me to the Bistro and tried to stick his tongue down my throat."[7] After she refused to sign a contract with Spiegel, Russell "was completely left out of the publicity for [The Last Tycoon]", and Spiegel threatened that he would prevent Russell from working again in Hollywood.[7][8]

Personal life

Spiegel maintained a connection with Israel throughout his life, particularly with such personalities as Golda Meir, Ariel Sharon, Jerusalem Foundation president Ruth Cheshin (mother of Mishael Cheshin), and his close friend, then Jerusalem Mayor Teddy Kollek. Spiegel also contributed to various Zionist causes. He spoke seven languages fluently: English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Hebrew and Polish.[9]

Legacy

Relatives of Sam Spiegel with the sign that marks the lane named after him in Jerusalem

Spiegel's heirs and the administrators of his estate, son Adam Spiegel, daughter Alisa Freedman, niece Judge Raya Dreben, and Adv. David Bottoms, decided to transfer Spiegel's impressive art collection to the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. Since 1996, they have made an annual contribution, through the Jerusalem Foundation, to the film school in Jerusalem bearing his name since that time — the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem. This annual contribution is the largest in the history of Israeli cinema.

In 2005, the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, the Jerusalem Municipality complied with a request from the school's founder-director Renen Schorr to mark the occasion by declaring the lane in the Talpiot industrial section where the school is located "The Sam Spiegel Alley." The street sign's inscription: "Sam Spiegel – Jewish-American Film Producer and Oscar-winner. Pioneer. Lover of Zion."

Filmography - producer

  1. Invisible Opponent (1933)
  2. The Oil Sharks (1933)
  3. Mariage à responsabilité limitée (1933)
  4. The Invader (1935) (co-producer)
  5. Derrière la façade (1939)
  6. Tales of Manhattan (1942) (as S. P. Eagle)
  7. The Stranger (1946) (as S.P. Eagle)
  8. We Were Strangers (1949) (as S.P. Eagle)
  9. When I Grow Up (1951) (as S.P. Eagle)
  10. The Prowler (1951) (as S.P. Eagle)
  11. The African Queen (1951) (as S. P. Eagle)
  12. Melba (1953)
  13. On the Waterfront (1954)
  14. The Strange One (1957)
  15. The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957)
  16. Suddenly, Last Summer (1959)
  17. Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
  18. The Chase (1966)
  19. The Night of the Generals (1967)
  20. The Happening (1967)
  21. Nicholas and Alexandra (1971)
  22. The Last Tycoon (1976)
  23. Betrayal (1983)

References

  1. ↑ The New York Times
  2. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-21. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  3. ↑ Erens, Patricia (1998). The Jew in American Cinema. Indiana University Press. p. 392. ISBN 978-0-253-20493-6.
  4. ↑
  5. ↑ Smith, Wendy (2003-04-13). "Review: 'Sam Spiegel'". Variety. Retrieved 2016-10-12.
  6. ↑ Wasson, Sam (22 June 2011). "A Conversation with Theresa Russell". The Criterion Collection. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  7. 1 2 Ebert, Roger (21 September 1988). "INTERVIEW WITH THERESA RUSSELL". RogerEbert.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  8. ↑ Smith, Giles (6 June 1995). "Mistress of the disturbed". The Independent. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  9. ↑ Sam Spiegel appearance on What's My Line?, episode 818. Originally aired January 30, 1966 on CBS. Viewed on October 3, 2007.
  • Sam Spiegel on IMDb
  • Sam Spiegel at the BFI's Screenonline
  • The Making of Lawrence of Arabia, Digitised BAFTA Journal, Winter 1962-3
  • U.S. Holocaust Museum: Sam Spiegel
  • Sam Spiegel Film & Television School
  • Fraser-Cavassoni, Natasha (2003). Sam Spiegel. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 465.
  • Sam Spiegel at Find a Grave
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