SM Entertainment

SM Entertainment Co., Ltd.
Native name
 에스.엠. 엔터테인먼트
SM 엔터테인먼트
Formerly
 SM Studio (1989–1995)
Public
Traded as KRX: 041510
KRX 100 Component
Industry
Genre
Founded 1989 (1989)
(as SM Studio)
1995 (1995)
(as SM Entertainment)
Founder Lee Soo-man
Headquarters Seoul, South Korea
Key people
 Kim Young-min (General Manager)[1] Han Se-min (CEO)
Nam So-young (CEO)[2]
Services
  • Record Distribution
  • Licensing
  • Publishing
Revenue
  • Increase US$ 350.3 million (2017)
  • US$ 313 million (2016)
  • US$ 280 million (2015)
  • Increase US$ $26.5 million (2017)
  • US$ 21 million (2016)
  • US$ 15 million (2015)
Owner (As of March 2018:[3])
Divisions
  • SM Entertainment Japan Inc. (2001)
  • SM Entertainment USA Inc. (2008)
  • SM Brand Marketing (2008)
  • SM F&B Development (2008)
  • SM Amusement (2008)
  • SM True Co., Ltd (2011)
  • Dream Maker Entertainment (2012)
  • SM Entertainment Beijing Co., Ltd (2012)
  • SM Mobile Communications (2015)
  • galaxiaSM (Since 2015)
  • ESteem (Since 2015)
  • Mystic Entertainment (Since 2017)
  • SM Planner (2017)
  • everysing (2017)
  • Million Market (Since 2018)
Subsidiaries
Website www.smtown.com
www.smentertainment.com

SM Entertainment Co., Ltd. (Hangul: SM엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment company established in 1995 by Lee Soo-man. It is currently one of the largest entertainment companies in South Korea.[5][6] The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house.

The label is home to prominent K-pop artists such as Kangta, S.E.S., BoA, TVXQ!, TraxX, CSJH The Grace, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, J-Min, Shinee, f(x), Zhou Mi, Exo, Red Velvet, NCT, and formerly to artists like H.O.T., Fly to the Sky, Shinhwa, and Henry Lau. It also manages a number of actors, including Kim Min-jong and Lee Yeon-hee. In Japan, SM Entertainment co-publishes Avex Trax releases for artists including Ayumi Hamasaki, Namie Amuro, and Koda Kumi, as well as Johnny's Entertainment artists such as Arashi and KAT-TUN.[7]

In 2015, SM Entertainment had reported revenues of KR₩325 billion (approximately US$287 million) and a net income of KR₩21.7 billion (US$19 million).[8]

History

1989–2000: Creation and first generation artists

After graduating from California State University, Northridge in the United States, Lee Soo-man returned to Korea and established 'SM Studio' in Apgujeong-dong, Gangnam, Seoul in 1989. The business changed its name to SM Entertainment and set up its capital fund in February 1995[9] with Jung Hae-ik as CEO.[10] The agency developed an 'in-house' production system and produced a string of successful artists including boy group H.O.T. in 1996, girl group S.E.S. in 1997, Shinhwa in 1998, and R&B duo Fly to the Sky in 1999 and BoA in 2000. Kim Kyung-wook became CEO of the company in 1998.

2000–2005: Affiliations and second generation artists

The early 2000s saw the disbandment of both H.O.T (in 2001) and S.E.S (in 2002).[11] As well as the departure of Shinhwa to a new agency, and in the following years, new groups such as duo Isak N Jiyeon and boy group Black Beat failed to attain the popularity of previous SM artists.[11] In December 2000, SM Entertainment establishes an affiliate company called Fandango Korea.[12] In January 2001, the company founded an overseas division, SM Entertainment Japan.[13] Around the same time, the company was approved for listing on KOSDAQ, and an affiliation was established between SM and Avex Trax. The subsidiaries BM Entertainment and Cid. K Entertainment (under which the girl groups M.I.L.K. and Shinvi were signed respectively) were also formed, but later became defunct as the groups disbanded.

In late 2002, SM was awarded the Grand Prix of Ministry of Culture and Tourism for the Culture Contents for Export Award in music.[14]

In 2003, SM became affiliated with Starlight Corporation Ltd. and C-Cube Entertainment Corporation. The same year, the company debuted five-member boy group TVXQ. The following years saw the debuts of artists such as TRAX (2004), The Grace (2005), and Super Junior (2005).

2005–2010: Expansion and international artists

In 2005, Kim Young-min became the company's third CEO,[15] under whom several artists debuted with a view to promoting outside of South Korea. Artists debuting under SM at this time were solo singer of Chinese descent Zhang Liyin (2006), Japanese-language soloist J-Min (2007), Girls' Generation (2007), Shinee (2008), and f(x) (2009). In April 2008, a Mandarin-language subunit of Super Junior was formed, Super Junior-M. In October 2008, SM announced plans for a debut in the United States for BoA under subsidiary label SM Entertainment USA.

In May 2008 the SM Art Company was formed with Pyo In-bong as co-CEO, aiming to produce musical and theatre works. Its first production was of Xanadu, which starred Super Junior members Heechul and Kangin.[16]

2010–2012: Joint and further ventures

In February 2010, after two decades on the board of directors, founder Lee Soo-man resigned from his position in order to "focus more energy on SM's overseas business, new business management and artist development".[17] In March, KMP Holdings was established as a joint venture between SM Entertainment, YG Entertainment, JYP Entertainment, Star Empire, Medialine, CAN Entertainment and Music Factory.[18] The firm's first release from SM was Super Junior's fifth studio album, Mr. Simple, which marked the end of SM's self-distribution. In May, SM announced its highest ever first quarter operating profits, at KR₩10.4 billion, up 471% from the same period the previous year. Gross revenue was reported at KR₩22.7 billion, a 58% increase on the previous year.[19]

In April 2011, SM Entertainment, YG Entertainment, JYP Entertainment, KeyEast, AMENT, and Star J Entertainment joined to create ‘United Asia Management'. In August, SM joined with Thai media company TrueVisions Group to create 'SM True'.[20]

Super Junior at the MTV Exit Hanoi Concert in 2010.

In 2012, SM debuted boy group Exo in two units to promote in both Korea and China.[21] In February, SM acquired Hawaiian travel firm Happy Hawaii and launched a new business initiative specialising in travel and tourism, SMTown Travel, with Kang Jung-hyun as CEO.[22][23] SMTown Travel offered concert packages for overseas fans attending Super Junior's Super Show 4 Tour encore concerts in Seoul.[24] In March, 47 of SM's artists including Kangta, BoA, TVXQ, CSJH The Grace, Super Junior, Zhang Li Yin, Girls' Generation, Shinee, f(x), Go Ara, Isak, and Lee Yeon Hee became stockholders of SM Entertainment. Kangta, BoA, and most of the Super Junior and Girls’ Generation members received 680 shares each (with a value of around US$27,200 for each person), while Shinee and f(x) members received 340 shares each (value of around US$13,600 for each person).[25] In August, SM held the SM ART EXHIBITION at the COEX Convention & Exhibition Center[26] and signed contracts with Visa and KB Card to begin printing SM artist cards.[27] Korean TV personalities Kang Ho-dong and Shin Dong-yup announced that they had signed exclusive contracts with SM's broadcast sector, SM Culture & Contents (SM C&C), seen as a move by SM to expand into television.[28][29] In September, SM C&C merged with AM Entertainment (which represents actors such as Jang Dong-gun, Kim Ha-neul, and Han Ji-min)[30] and two other TV personalities, Lee Su-geun and Kim Byung-man, announced that they had also signed with SM.[31] In November, KMP Holdings was acquired by KT Music, and in June 2013, KT Music absorbed KMP's distribution network.[32]

2013–present: Third generation artists and International K-pop academy

Company logo until October 2017

In 2013, SM C&C acquired Hoon Media (a production company led by Lee Hoon-hee, responsible for KBS serials 1 vs 100, Heroines 6, Qualifications of Men, and Music Bank) and Woollim Entertainment, a record label responsible for artists such as Infinite.[33] In January 2014, the seven talent agencies behind KMP Holdings formed a collective bond partnership and bought 13.48% of KT Music's stocks, leaving parent KT Corporation with 49.99%.[34] In February, SM acquired a share in Baljunso, an indie record label founded in 1991 by Kang Byung-yong.[35] On August 1, SM debuted Red Velvet, its first girl group since f(x) five years prior.

In August 2015, SM partnered with sports marketing company IB Worldwide to create Galaxia SM, responsible for golfer Park In-bee, gymnast Son Yeon-jae, and Choo Shin-soo, right fielder for the Texas Rangers.[36] On November 6, the 10th anniversary of Super Junior's debut, SM announced the creation of the group's own sub-label, Label SJ.[37] In late 2015, SM partnered with modeling company ESteem to promote self-owned content and network,[38] it later expanded its acting division through the acting debuts of models Ki Do-hoon and Lee Cheol-woo.

In January 2016, Lee Soo-man held a conference at the SM Coex Artium, speaking about plans for a new boy group, NCT ("Neo Culture Technology"), with "unlimited members".[39][40] The first unit of this group, NCT U, released its first singles in April 2016.[41] In late-January, the company established a restaurant SMT Seoul.[42] and also established a series of stores selling branded foods under the name 'SUM Market' in February.[43]

On February 11, 2016, the Chinese e-commerce giant Alibaba Group acquired a 4 percent minority stake in SM Entertainment for $30 million USD.[44]

On May 5, 2016, SM released the first single under their newly established EDM label ScreaM Records, "Wave", featuring f(x) members Amber and Luna and produced by Xavi & Gi and E-mart’s Electro Mart.[45][46] ScreaM Records is part of SM's New Culture Technology 2016 project, under which the company has also begun the digital music channel SM Station and a number of mobile apps.[47] In late 2016, SM began organizing a League of Legends tournament called "2016 SM Super Celeb League", where their representatives Heechul and Baekhyun participate in matches with both professional players and fans from South Korea and China.[48]

On February 16, 2017, a source from the task force in charge of the international K-pop academy has plans to open this upcoming September. The Gangnam-based academy is a collaborative venture with the private Jongro Sky Academy. Plans for the school to be certified as an alternative program for domestic Korean middle and high school education, as well as US secondary school education, are also underway.[49]

SM Entertainment's YouTube channel, SMTOWN, has 10 million subscribers. It's the most number of subscribers for a music label from all of Asia, second to Big Hit Entertainment as of 2018.[50]

In March 2017, SM acquired the independent record label Mystic Entertainment, becoming the label's largest shareholder.[51]

Controversies

Contractual disputes

JYJ (TVXQ)

In late July 2009, three of the members of SM Entertainment boy group TVXQ- Kim Jaejoong, Park Yoochun, and Kim Junsu- applied to the Seoul Central District Court to investigate the validity of their contract with SM,[52][53] as they felt the thirteen-year contract was excessively long and that earnings were not fairly distributed to the members;[54] but contract destruction, they shall be compensated to the Employer by three times the total investment amount and two times the ordinary profit during the remaining contract period.[55] The news of this dispute caused SM Entertainment's KOSPI stock price to drop by 10.06%.[56] In addition, 120,000 fans of TVXQ filed a petition against SM's long-term contracts to the Seoul Central District Court, also filing for compensation for an SMTown Live Concert that was canceled a week before its scheduled date.[57]

Their statement read, "(They) have had health problems and finally reached their physical limits, but SM Entertainment continued to send them abroad and plan excessive activities. Thus, the three members have started to hope they will be able to continue their careers as they wish, instead of being used as tools for the agency's profits."[58]

The court ruled in the favour of the three members. In response, SM held a press conference claiming that the lawsuit was fraudulent, and filed an injunction.[59][60] In early May 2010, it was announced that the three members, Jaejoong, Yoochun and Junsu, would return to stage as JYJ under a new management agency, C-JeS Entertainment.[61] The injunction was dismissed by the Seoul Central District Court on February 17, 2011, and the final decision on the case was postponed indefinitely for mediation under the justice department.[62][63]

On November 28, 2012, during a voluntary arbitration at the Seoul Central District Court, SM Entertainment and JYJ reached a mutual agreement to terminate all contracts between the two parties and not to interfere with each other's activities in the future, concluding the lawsuit.[64] SM reportedly stated that they had decided to end the litigation "to avoid bringing additional harm to U-Know Yunho and Max Changmin, who are active as TVXQ, and to avoid making any more unneeded issues".[65][66]

Han Geng

On December 21, 2009, five months after the three TVXQ members filed their lawsuit and while the dispute was ongoing, Han Geng, the only Chinese member of Super Junior, also filed a lawsuit against SM for similar reasons of unfair profit distributions and having signed an unfair thirteen-year contract that contained provisions in SM's favour and that he was not allowed to revise or end.[67] Han Geng's friend and current manager Sun Le also submitted a statement to Korean courts citing SM Entertainment's violation of Han Geng's rights, which was later leaked via the internet.[68] The statement argued that SM had discriminated against Han Geng financially as well as in terms of management.

On September 27, 2011, Han Geng's departure from Super Junior was made official when legal representatives of both Han Geng and SM released a joint statement saying that "Han Geng and SM Entertainment have amicably settled on a mutual agreement, and the lawsuit was able to come to a close after Han Geng submitted his 'Notice of Withdrawal of Appeal'."[69][70]

Kris Wu

On May 15, 2014, Kris Wu, a Chinese-Canadian member of EXO, filed a lawsuit to terminate his contract with SM, as first reported by Chinese news portal Sina.[71][72] He was represented by Cho Bum-suk, the same lawyer that handled Han Geng 's case. Kris, whose real name is Wu Yifan, was quoted as saying, "The company has treated me like a machine part or as an object of control rather than presenting a vision as an entertainer."[73] He left the group in the same month that the lawsuit was made public, while the rest of the group continued to promote its single 'Overdose'. On July 21, 2016, Kris, officially parted ways with EXO, however, the contract with SM is valid until 2022.[74]

Jessica Jung

On September 29, 2014, Girls' Generation member Jessica claimed on a Weibo post that she had been forced out of the group, writing:

I was excited about our upcoming fan events only to shockingly be informed by my company and 8 others that as of today, I'm no longer a member. I'm devastated - my priority and love is to serve as a member of GG, but for no justifiable reason, I am being forced out.[75]

The following day, Jessica released a statement claiming that while in August 2014 her company and fellow members had been positive about the launch of her fashion business, Blanc and Eclare, as of early September, they had changed their stance, and she was directed to either close the business or cease promotions as a member of Girls' Generation. She claimed to have received the day before a "one-sided notice" asking her to leave the group.[76]

However, according to SM, Jessica had informed management in the early spring that she would leave the group after one more album, but before agreements could be made she had set up her independent business, which caused problems for the group's schedules. This prompted management to begin promoting Girls' Generation as eight members rather than nine, with the intention to announce the news; however, Jessica had already "posted her own perspective". The company then stated that the group would henceforth continue as eight, while they would still manage Jessica's individual schedule.[77] In the days immediately after this news came to light, company stocks dropped by KR₩3,350 per share, from KR₩40,750 to KR₩37,400, losing SM a total of KR₩69 billion (approximately US$65 million).

On August 6, 2015, Jessica and SM Entertainment reached an agreement to terminate her contract, with Jessica stating "This release is to confirm that SM Entertainment (“SM”) and I have officially parted ways. I will cherish the many years we spent and I wish SM the best of luck in all of its endeavors."[78]

Lu Han

On October 10, 2014, Lu Han was the second Chinese member of EXO to file to nullify his contract with SM Entertainment and leave the group, just over four months after Kris.[79][80][81] His lawsuit included the claim that SM had favoured Korean division EXO-K over Chinese division EXO-M. Within 15 minutes of the announcement, company stocks had dropped by 9.41%, from KR₩37,000 to KR₩33,250 per share. The stock's worth contracted by 15%, hitting the maximum decrease in price KOSDAQ allows for a day, and falling to a more-than-one-year low.[82] On July 21, 2016, Lu Han, officially parted ways with EXO, however, the contract with SM is valid until 2022.[74]

No Min-woo

In April 2015, No Min-woo, a former member of TRAX, filed a lawsuit against SM for subjecting him to an unlawful seventeen-year contract.[83] No alleged that S.M. had also interfered with his career after he had left the company and sought KR₩100 million in damages.[84] Noh Min-woo lost lawsuit against SM Entertainment on July 21, 2016.[85]

Huang Zitao

On August 24, 2015, Tao was the third Chinese member of EXO to file against SM and leave the group, being represented by the same legal team that represented former members Kris and Lu Han. On the 5th of January 2016, SM entertainment won one of their counter-lawsuits against Tao following the ruling of the Intermediate People's Court in the Qingdao, Shandong, in China.The agency sued Tao over his failure to repay the company after his departure. They released an official statement saying "SM has ongoing lawsuits against Exo members Wu Yifan (Kris), Luhan, and Tao for violating their exclusive contracts and partaking in illegal promotions in China. Among these lawsuits, SM filed a lawsuit against Tao for failing to repay SM on October 13, 2015. An intermediate court in Qingdao, China made the verdict that Tao is to repay SM Entertainment as well as interest for the delayed payment."[86][87]

2009 MAMA Awards boycott

On November 21, 2009, SM Entertainment boycotted the Mnet Asian Music Awards event, claiming reservations regarding the standard of fairness and the criteria used in Mnet's selections for award recipients.[88] The company specifically cited Girls' Generation, who had topped Korean music charts for nine consecutive weeks and had won numerous awards for their newest single "Genie", but had never won on Mnet's weekly M! Countdown show, and had only appeared on their charts a month after the album release. SM also cited the fact that voters had to pay a fee, saying that they did "not want to see fans suffer any damage from the poll which has commercial intentions."[89]

Fair Trade Commission scrutiny

In 2010, the Korean Fair Trade Commission (FTC) undertook an investigation into SM Entertainment policy, especially regarding their artists' contract terms, and concluded that they were unfair. Artist contracts were subsequently reduced by a length of three years, and there was a reduction in the penalties for breach-of-contract violations. All the artists signed under SM at the time re-contracted with the agency under the new terms.[90]

SM was also one of fifteen companies fined and sued by the FTC for price rigging in 2011.

In 2012, SM was accused of colluding with music distributors, but was cleared of the charge. On August 16 the Seoul High Court revealed their verdict on the issue: "The FTC (Fair Trade Commission) has canceled all corrective orders against SM Entertainment, and the lawsuit costs will be paid by the defendant."[91]

Red Velvet music video controversy

In August 2014, after the release of the Red Velvet's music video for "Happiness," Japanese media reported that images referencing the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, as well as the 9/11 attacks, were seen in the background of the video. SM Entertainment responded to the reports, stating that "after questioning the director, we found that he simply used a collage source for the images, and there was no intention behind it." The representative added, "As SM wasn't able to catch it before, we will remove the material that caused the misunderstanding as soon as possible. We will make sure not to let this kind of thing happen in the future." SM later uploaded a new version of the music video without the controversial images.[92]

Artists

All artists under SM Entertainment are collectively known as SMTown.[93]

Recording artists

SM Entertainment

Subsidiaries

Label SJ

Actors/Actresses

Studio artists

Trainees

Former artists

Former recording artists

Note

  • 2In 2003 SM Entertainment's five-year contract with Shinhwa ended, thus allowing the band to either sign another contract or switch label. Lee Soo Man, the head of SM Entertainment, only wanted to sign on Eric Mun, Shin Hye-sung, Andy Lee, Jun Jin, and Lee Min-woo, but they rejected it. Eric as a leader and the most popular and had the most highly amount of the contract at that time made a decision that they wanted to stick together as a group with all members present as Shinhwa and not go solo. Thus, the band rejected the offer and switched over to the fairly new management at the time, Good Entertainment. The movement sparked controversy when Lee denied their permission to use the name Shinhwa with the different company. However, after the argument was taken to court, Shinhwa won, allowing them to hold the rights to use the name "Shinhwa".
  • 3M.I.L.K were formed under SM Entertainment's sister label, BM Entertainment in 2001. They disbanded when Bae Yu-mi left the group in 2003. Seo Hyun-jin remained as actress until 2007. Now each member has gone off to do their own individual projects such as acting, singing, MCing, VJing, and Modeling.
  • 4Sugar were formed under SM Entertainment's sister label, Star World in 2001. They disbanded when Park So-jin left the group in 2006. Ayumi Lee was moved to SM Entertainment in 2007. In 2008, Ayumi Lee later signed Avex to pursue her career in Japan. Now each member has gone off to do their own individual projects such as acting, singing and Modeling.
  • 5After Isak N Jiyeon disbanded in 2004, Jiyeon took the stage name of Lina and became a member of The Grace, formed in 2005. Isak became a VJ and radio DJ for Arirang.
  • 6In 2009, Jaejoong, Yoochun, and Junsu filed an injunction against SM Entertainment, subsequently leaving TVXQ. In 2010, the trio formed JYJ.
  • 7Hangeng left Super Junior in 2009 after filing for contract termination.
  • 8Jessica was removed from the group in September 2014. In August 2015, it was announced that she had officially parted ways with SM Entertainment.
  • 9Kibum temporarily left the Super Junior in 2009 to pursue acting career. In August 2015, it was announced that he had officially parted ways with SM Entertainment.
  • 10On May 15, 2014, Kris filed a lawsuit against the agency to terminate his contract.
  • 11On October 10, 2014, Luhan filed a lawsuit against SM Entertainment to nullify his contract and effectively left Exo.
  • 12On August 24, 2015, Tao filed a lawsuit against SM Entertainment to terminate his contract.
  • 13Although still members of Girls' Generation, Tiffany, Sooyoung, and Seohyun left SM Entertainment in October 2017, and their future activities with the group remains in discussion.
  • 14Shinee's Jonghyun died on December 18, 2017.

Former actors/actresses

Discography

Filmography

References

  1. ↑ http://www.smentertainment.com/Investors/OperateInfo?info=directorate. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ↑ "SM Entertainment". www.smentertainment.com.
  3. ↑ Han Ae-ran, Min Kyung-won (March 15, 2018). "배용준 회사 사들인 K팝 대부 … SM, 종합엔터기업 꿈꾼다". joins.com.
  4. ↑ "FNC, SM과 전략적 제휴…'SM라이프디자인그룹'으로 사명 변경(공식)".
  5. ↑ ": The big 3 of Korean pop music and entertainment:The DONG-A ILBO". english.donga.com. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  6. ↑ Forbes Staff (31 July 2013). "Korea's S.M. Entertainment: The Company That Created K-Pop". Forbes.
  7. ↑ "SMTOWN J-POP ZONE". S.M. Entertainment.
  8. ↑ "041510.KQ Income Statement | S.M. Stock - Yahoo! UK & Ireland Finance". uk.finance.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
  9. ↑ Friedrichsen, Mike; Mühl-Benninghaus, Wolfgang (2013). Handbook of Social Media Management: Value Chain and Business Models in Changing Media Markets. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media. p. 553. ISBN 978-3-642-28896-8.
  10. ↑ "소년공화국 "이름 때문에 북한 아이돌 아니냐더라"". Daum 연예. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  11. 1 2 "SM Black History". news.donga.com (in Korean). 2015-11-11. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  12. ↑ "SM Entertainment merged with Fandango Korea". No-Cut News (in Korean). Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  13. ↑ "Searching for entertainment industry power ②. SM entertainment". 이투데이 (in Korean). 2013-04-12. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  14. ↑ "Lee Soo-man SM Group Leader - Leader of popular culture industry moving entertainment industry". people.incruit.com. Retrieved 2018-05-11.
  15. ↑ "After 20 years, SM Entertainment to expand overseas base". koreatimes. 2015-12-07. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  16. ↑ Koh Young-aah "Super Junior members set to make move into musicals" Korea Herald. 30 May 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
  17. ↑ Kun-ouc, Park (25 February 2010). "Lee Soo-man steps down from SM board of directors". 10 Asia. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
  18. ↑ "Korean Music Power: KMP Holdings Co. Ltd. Launched!" Maeil Kyungje. 18 March 2010. Retrieved 2012-10-06 (in Korean)
  19. ↑ Kim, Lynn (13 May 2010). "SM Entertainment records biggest Q1 profit". 10 Asia. Retrieved 4 May 2012.
  20. ↑ "SM 엔터, 태국서 첫 해외 합작법인 'SM True' 설립" [SM Entertainment establishes joint venture company with Thailand’s True Visions Group, ‘SM True’]. Naver News (in Korean). 17 August 2011. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  21. ↑ "SM 새 그룹 EXO, 30일 프롤로그 싱글 공개". 네이트뉴스 (in Korean). Retrieved 2016-04-21.
  22. ↑ Mun, Wan-Sik (27 February 2012). "SM Entertainment takes over travel agency". Star News. Archived from the original on 24 August 2012. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
  23. ↑ "SM Global Package On Sale!". www.smtowntravel.com. Retrieved 2016-04-21.
  24. ↑ Ho, Stewart (23 April 2012). "Super Junior to Hold Encore Concert in Seoul in May". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
  25. ↑ Kim, JiYeon "SM Artists Take on SM Stock" Mnet News. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  26. ↑ Kim, Hyung-eun (10 August 2012). "Fantasies come true at the high-tech SM ART exhibit". Joongang Daily. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  27. ↑ "SM 체크카드 나온다, VISA-KB국민카드와 MOU체결" [SM Entertainment to make MOU contract with VISA and KB Card]. Daum (in Korean). 26 July 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  28. ↑ Lee, JinHo (17 August 2012). "Kang Ho Dong Announces Return by Signing with SM C&C". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
  29. ↑ Choi, Eunhwa (18 August 2012). "Three Reasons Why Kang Ho Dong Signed with SM". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Retrieved 18 August 2012.
  30. ↑ Ho, Stewart (19 September 2012). "SM C&C Takes Over AM Entertainment – Home to Jang Dong Gun, Kim Ha Neul and Others". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  31. ↑ Ho, Stewart (19 September 2012). "Lee Su Geun, Kim Byung Man Join Kang Ho Dong at SM C&C?". enewsWorld. CJ E&M. Retrieved 6 October 2012.
  32. ↑ "(kt PR room) KT to acquire KMP Holdings to strengthen its music businesses". KT Corporation. November 23, 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2013.
  33. ↑ Aysohmay (9 August 2013). "SM Entertainment Acquires Woollim Entertainment, Creates New Sublabel". Jpopasia. Jpopasia. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  34. ↑ Cho Seung-hoon (January 24, 2014). "SM, YG, JYP lead 7 companies as KT Music's new stakeholders". Gaon Music Chart. Korea Music Content Industry Association. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  35. ↑ "KPOP NEWS - SM Entertainment Invests in Indie Label Baljunso to Spotlight Nonmainstream Music | Mwave". mwave.interest.me. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  36. ↑ Korea Times: SM, IB Worldwide ink deal to create 'sportainment'
  37. ↑ "KPOP NEWS - Exclusive Super Junior Label ′Lable SJ′ [sic] Established for 10th Anniversary". Mwave. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  38. ↑ Kukinews 2015/02
  39. ↑ "SM Entertainment's next boy band to have 'unlimited' members". kpopherald.koreaherald.com. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  40. ↑ "S. Korea firm unveils K-pop band with limitless members". www.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  41. ↑ "SM's new K-pop band NCT U to debut this week". koreatimes. 2016-04-04. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  42. ↑ "SM Entertainment opens up-scale restaurant SMT Seoul - Pulse by Maeil Business News Korea". pulsenews.co.kr. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  43. ↑ "[단독] SM엔터, 본사에 '엑소 편의점' 연다…지난해 말 이수만-정용진 만나 밑그림". news.joins.com. 2016-02-17. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  44. ↑ Kang, John. "Why Alibaba Bought $30M Stake In K-Pop Giant SM Entertainment, Home To EXO And Girls' Generation". Forbes.
  45. ↑ "SM's EDM label to drop first track". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
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