Rigifilida

Rigifilida
Scientific classification
Phylum:Apusozoa
Order:Rigifilida
Cavalier-Smith 2012
Families

Rigifilida is a group of non-ciliate phagotrophic eukaryotes. It consists on two families: Micronucleariidae and Rigifilidae.

Characteristics

Cells of rigifilids are covered with either a single or a double-layered submembrane pellicular lamina that makes them rigid in consistence. Slender branching filopodia emanate from a ventral aperture of the cell and are employed to collect bacteria upon which they feed and to attach the organism to the substratum. Around this aperture, the pellicle is reflexed around forming a peristomial collar. Other notable features are flat and irregular shaped mitocondrial cristae, a single dorsal nucleus and the lack of centrioles and cilia.[1]

Phylogenetic affinities and classification

Although Rigifilida is currently classified within the class Hilomonadea in the phylum Apusozoa, both of those higher taxa have not been recovered as monophyletic, natural groups in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Apusozoa is a polyphyletic grouping whose members are scattered through the base of the Unikonta.[2][3][4] The position of Rigifilida may even lie outside of Unikonta, as in the only molecular analysis it has been included so far, it clusters with Collodictyonidae/Diphylleidae in possibly paraphyletic Varisulca with a very weak branch support.[5]

  • Class Hilomonadea Cavalier-Smith 2008 emend. 2012[6]
    • Order Rigifilida Cavalier-Smith 2012
      • Family Rigifilidae Yabuki & Cavalier-Smith 2012
        • Genus Rigifila Yabuki & Cavalier-Smith 2012
          • Species Rigifila ramosa Yabuki & Cavalier-Smith 2012
    • Order Micronucleariida Cavalier-Smith 2008

References

  1. ↑ Yabuki, A., Ishida, K-I., Cavalier-Smith, T. (2013) Rigifila ramosa n. gen., n. sp., a Filose Apusozoan with a Distinctive Pellicle, is Related to Micronuclearia. Protist 164, 75-88.
  2. ↑ Brown, M.W., Sharpe, S.C., Silberman, J.D., Heiss, A.A., Lang, B.F., Simpson, A.G.B., Roger, A.J. (2013) Phylogenomics demonstrates that breviate flagellates are related to opisthokonts and apusomonads. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280, 20131755
  3. ↑ Glücksman, E., Snell, E.A., Berney, C., Chao, E.E., Bass, D., Cavalier-Smith, T. (2010) The novel marine gliding zooflagellate genus Mantamonas (Mantamonadida ord. n.: Apusozoa). Protist 162, 207-221.
  4. ↑ Paps, J., Medina-Chacón, L.A., Marshall, W., Suga, H., Ruiz-Trillo, I. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of unikonts: new insights into the position of apusomonads and ancyromonads and the internal relationships of Opisthokonts. Protist 164, 2-12.
  5. ↑ Yabuki, A., Ishida, K-I., Cavalier-Smith, T. (2013) Rigifila ramosa n. gen., n. sp., a Filose Apusozoan with a Distinctive Pellicle, is Related to Micronuclearia. Protist 164, 75-88.
  6. ↑ Cavalier-Smith, Thomas. "Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa". European Journal of Protistology. 49 (2): 115–178. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2012.06.001.
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