Ancoracysta twista

Ancoracysta twista
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
(unranked): Diaphoretickes
(unranked): Haptista
Subphylum: Alveidia Cavalier-Smith 2018[1]
Class: Alveidea
Order: Alveida
Family: Ancoracystidae
Genus: Ancoracysta
J. Janouškovec et al., 2017
Species: A. twista
Binomial name
Ancoracysta twista
J. Janouškovec et al., 2017

Ancoracysta twista is a eukaryotic microorganism. It is a predatory protist that is not closely related to any known lineage.[2]

Description

Ancoracysta twista was first described in November 2017 in Current Biology. It was found in a sample collected from the surface of a tropical aquarium brain coral. It actively feeds on Procryptobia sorokini, probably immobilising its prey through discharging a previously unknown type of extrusome named an ancoracyst.[2]

Genetic analysis shows that it is not closely related to any known lineage, but it may be most closely related to a grouping of haptophytes and centrohelids. It is notable for having a gene-rich mitochondrial genome, the largest known outside the jakobids or Diphylleia rotans. Uniquely, it appears to contain both the nucleus-encoded holocytochrome c synthase system III and the mitochondrion-encoded bacterial cytochrome c maturation system I.[2]

Taxonomy

A new study from Cavalier-Smith, Chao & Lewis 2018 created a new subphylum and subsequent lower taxonomic ranks for Ancoracysta twista. Also they created a new combination for Colponema marisrubri Mylnikov & Tikhonenkov 2009, which is shown to be ultrastructurally similar and phylogenetically sister to Ancoracysta twista, thus renaming it Ancoracysta marisrubri (Mylnikov & Tikhonenkov 2009) Cavalier-Smith 2018.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 Cavalier-Smith, T.; Chao, E. E.; Lewis, R. (17 April 2018), "Multigene phylogeny and cell evolution of chromist infrakingdom Rhizaria: contrasting cell organisation of sister phyla Cercozoa and Retaria", Protoplasma: 1–58
  2. 1 2 3 Janouškovec J, Tikhonenkov DV, Burki F, Howe AT, Rohwer FL, Mylnikov AP, Keeling PJ. "A New Lineage of Eukaryotes Illuminates Early Mitochondrial Genome Reduction", Current Biology 2017, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.051
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