Psalm 100

Psalm 100
Hymn psalm
Miniature of David, in the 8th-century psalter Cassiodorus Durham, Northumbria
Other name
  • Mizmor le-Toda
  • Psalm 99 (Vulgate)
  • Jubilate
  • Old 100th
  • "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands"
Language Hebrew (original)

Psalm 100 is the 100th psalm of the Book of Psalms, generally known in English by its first verse, in the King James Version: "Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands". The Book of Psalms is the third section of the Hebrew Bible,[1] and a book of the Christian Old Testament. In the Greek Septuagint version of the bible, and in its Latin translation Vulgate, this psalm is Psalm 99 in a slightly different numbering system. In Latin, it is known as "Jubilate Domino omnis terra".[2] The psalm, a hymn psalm, is a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Anglican and Protestant liturgies. It is also known as Old 100th, Mizmor le-Toda (מִזְמוֹר לְתוֹדָה) and "Psalm of gratitude confession",[3]

The psalm was paraphrased in hymns, and has been set to music often, being a regular part of Catholic Vespers services. In the Anglican church, it may be used as a canticle in the Anglican liturgy of Morning Prayer, when it is referred to by its incipit as the Jubilate or Jubilate Deo, and has been set in Te Deum and Jubiate compositions, such as Handel's Utrecht Te Deum and Jubilate in English. Max Reger composed a choral symphony on the German translation by Martin Luther, Der 100. Psalm, in 1909. The psalm, sung in Hebrew, constitutes the bulk of the first movement of Leonard Bernstein's Chichester Psalms.

Text

Hebrew Bible version

Following is the Hebrew text and English translation of Psalm 100:[4]

Verse Hebrew English
1 מִזְמ֥וֹר לְתוֹדָ֑ה הָרִֽיעוּ לַֽ֜יהֹוָ֗ה כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ A song for a thanksgiving offering. Shout to the Lord, all the earth.
2 עִבְד֣וּ אֶת־יְהֹוָ֣ה בְּשִׂמְחָ֑ה בֹּ֥אוּ לְ֜פָנָ֗יו בִּרְנָנָֽה Serve the Lord with joy, come before Him with praise.
3 דְּע֗וּ כִּ֥י יְהֹוָה֘ ה֚וּא אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים ה֣וּא עָ֖שָׂנוּ וְלֹ֣א (קריאה וְל֣וֹ) אֲנַ֑חְנוּ עַ֜מּ֗וֹ וְצֹ֣אן מַרְעִיתֽוֹ Know that the Lord is God; He made us and we are His, people and the flock of His pasture.
4 בֹּ֚אוּ שְׁעָרָ֨יו | בְּתוֹדָ֗ה חֲצֵֽרֹתָ֥יו בִּתְהִלָּ֑ה ה֥וֹדוּ ל֜֗וֹ בָּֽרְכ֥וּ שְׁמֽוֹ Come into His gates with thanksgiving, [into] His courtyards with praise; give thanks to Him, bless His name.
5 כִּי־ט֣וֹב יְ֖הֹוָה לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְעַד־דֹּ֥ר וָ֜דֹ֗ר אֱמֽוּנָתֽוֹ For the Lord is good; His kindness is forever, and until generation after generation is His faith.

King James Version

  1. Make a joyful noise unto the Lord, all ye lands.
  2. Serve the Lord with gladness: come before his presence with singing.
  3. Know ye that the Lord he is God: it is he that hath made us, and not we ourselves; we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.
  4. Enter into his gates with thanksgiving, and into his courts with praise: be thankful unto him, and bless his name.
  5. For the Lord is good; his mercy is everlasting; and his truth endureth to all generations.

Uses

Judaism

Scroll of the Psalms

Psalm 100, known by its first two words, Hebrew: מזמור לתודה, Mizmor le Toda, "Song of Thanksgiving", is part of the daily prayer service, being recited as part of the Songs of thanksgiving (Pesukei dezimra).[5][6] Psalm 100 is representative of the Thanksgiving offering, which thanks God for having been saved from dangers we face every day. A person always faces danger in his daily routine, even though he may be unaware of it.

Psalm 100 is omitted on Shabbat and festivals because the Thanksgiving offering was not offered on these days in the Temple. Only communal offerings were brought on these days. It is also omitted on the day before Pesach and during Chol HaMoed Pesach because the Thanksgiving offering is composed of a loaf of bread, which is chametz that may not be consumed during Pesach. It also is omitted the day before Yom Kippur because no food is consumed at all on Yom Kippur.[7][8]

Catholicism

Traditionally, this psalm was chanted in abbeys during the celebration of matins on Fridays,[9][10] according to the schema of St. Benedict of Nursia.[11] As one of the most important psalm, Psalm 100 (99) was similarly sung for the solemn office of Lauds on Sunday.[12]

In the 1970 reform of the Liturgy of the Hours, Psalm 100 is one of four Invitatory psalms which can introduce the daily office hours. It is recited at Lauds on Friday of the first[13] and third weeks of the Psalter. Psalm 100 is also present among the readings of the office of the Mass: found on January 5 after the Octave of Christmas, and on the fourth Sunday of Eastertide. It also appears six times in Ordinary Time: Thursday of the 8th week, the Friday of the 22nd week, Tuesday and Friday of the 24th week, the Monday of the 29th week, and on Thursday of the 34th week of Ordinary Time.

Because of its text and its subject, this psalm is still one of the most important liturgical chants, during the celebration of the Jubilee every 25 years in Rome.[14] It is sung when the bishop opened the Door of Mercy.[15]

Anglicanism

Psalm 100 can be used as a hymn in the morning prayer of the Anglican liturgy.

Musical settings

Melody for Psalm 100 from 1628

Traditionally, Psalm 100 has been set to music frequently for vespers services, sometimes even several times by the same composer.

In classical music
Among contemporary classical composers

Hymns paraphrasing Psalm 100 include "Nun jauchzt dem Herren, alle Welt" by David Denicke (1646).

See also

References

  1. ↑ Mazor 2011, p. 589.
  2. ↑ Parallel Latin/English Psalter / Psalmus 99 (100) Archived 7 May 2017 at the Wayback Machine. medievalist.net
  3. ↑ Samson Raphael Hirsch: Sidur tefilot Yisrael, Israels Gebete, (סדור תפלות ישראל). I. (Kauffmann, Frankfurt a.M. 1921), OCLC 18389019, p. 55.
  4. ↑ "Tehillim - Psalms - Chapter 100". Chabad.org. 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  5. ↑ B. Posen: Die Schabbos-Vorschriften. Hilchos Schabbos. Morascha, Basel 2005, OCLC 694996857, p.55:„An Schabbat und Feiertagen, an Erew Jom Kippur und Pesach, sowie an Chol Hamo'ed Pessach wird der Psalm nicht gesprochen.“
  6. ↑ Hochspringen ↑ Raw B. Posen: Die Schabbos-Vorschriften. Hilchos Schabbos. Morascha, Basel 2005, OCLC 694996857, p. 53 (s. Google Books). Ps. 100. מזמור לתודה: „Todah ist sowohl Bekenntnis einer Dankverpflichtung, als eines Schuldbewusstseins
  7. ↑ The Complete Artscroll Siddur page 64
  8. ↑ Raw B. Posen: Die Schabbos-Vorschriften. Hilchos Schabbos. Morascha, Basel 2005, OCLC 694996857, S. 53 (auch einsehbar bei Google Books). Ps. 100. מזמור לתודה: „Todah ist sowohl Bekenntnis einer Dankverpflichtung, als eines Schuldbewusstseins“.
  9. ↑ Psautier latin-français du bréviaire monastique, p. 355, 1938/2003
  10. ↑ "La distribution des Psaumes dans la Règle de Saint Benoît | Mont de Cats". abbaye-montdescats.fr. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
  11. ↑ Règle de saint Benoît, chapitre XVIII, traduction de Prosper Guéranger, p. 46, Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Solesmes, réimpression 2007
  12. ↑ Psautier latin-français du bréviaire monastique, p. 117.
  13. ↑ Le cycle principal des prières liturgiques se déroule sur quatre semaines.
  14. 1 2 "Don Fernando de Las Infantas, teólogo y músico. Estudio crítico biobibliográfico". archive.org. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
  15. ↑ Tablettes historiques du Velay. 1872. p. 449. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
  16. ↑ Jean-Baptiste Lully: [http://data.bnf.fr/14815830/jean-baptiste_lully_jubilate_deo__lwv_77_16/ Jubilate Deo . LWV 77/16 motet]
  17. ↑ Bach Digital Work 1471 at www.bachdigital.de

Cited soureces

  • Mazor, Lea (2011). Berlin, Adele; Grossman, Maxine, eds. Book of Psalms. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-973004-9.
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