Neuzelle

Neuzelle
Neuzelle brewery (left) and abbey church

Coat of arms
Neuzelle
Location of Neuzelle within Oder-Spree district
Coordinates: 52°04′59″N 14°37′59″E / 52.08306°N 14.63306°E / 52.08306; 14.63306Coordinates: 52°04′59″N 14°37′59″E / 52.08306°N 14.63306°E / 52.08306; 14.63306
Country Germany
State Brandenburg
District Oder-Spree
Municipal assoc. Neuzelle
Government
 • Mayor Dietmar Baesler (FDP)
Area
 • Total 135.00 km2 (52.12 sq mi)
Elevation 43 m (141 ft)
Population (2017-12-31)[1]
 • Total 4,276
 • Density 32/km2 (82/sq mi)
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes 15898
Dialling codes 033652
Vehicle registration LOS
Website www.neuzelle.de

Neuzelle (Lower Sorbian: Nowa Cala) is a municipality in the Oder-Spree district of Brandenburg, Germany, the administrative seat of Amt (municipal federation) Neuzelle. It is best known for Cistercian Neuzelle Abbey and its Neuzeller Kloster Brewery.

Geography

Neuzelle is situated in the north of the historic Lower Lusatia region near the border with Poland, about 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Eisenhüttenstadt. The municipal area along the Dorche creek, a tributary of the Oder River, since 2001 also comprises the villages of Bahro, Bomsdorf, Göhlen, Henzendorf, Kobbeln, Möbiskruge, Ossendorf, Schwerzko, Steinsdorf, Streichwitz, and Treppeln. In the west, it stretches up to the Schlaube Valley Nature Park.

History

Abbey Church
Abbey Church interior

The abbey was established as Nova Cella on 12 October 1268 by the Wettin margrave Henry III of Lusatia in remembrance of his deceased wife Agnes of Bohemia. Henry had acquired the strip of former Lubusz Land up to Fürstenberg (today's Eisenhüttenstadt) from the Silesian duke Bolesław II Rogatka in turn for his mediation in the duke's conflict with his Piast brother Henry III the White.

Neuzelle was a filial monastery of the Cistercian Altzella Abbey (Cella) near Nossen in Henry's Margraviate of Meissen. A first convent of brothers took residence here in 1281. From about 1300, a monastery complex was laid out, including a Brick Gothic hall church, which soon became the spiritual centre of the region. The monks were granted large estates, up to Fürstenberg am Oder in the north and Szydłów (Schiedlo) beyond the Oder River in the east.

In 1367, Neuzelle with Lower Lusatia was purchased by the Luxembourg Emperor Charles IV in his capacity as King of Bohemia. The premises were devastated during the Hussite Wars in 1429 and the monks killed or abducted. Rebuilt afterwards, the monastery and its extended possessions with the Lands of the Bohemian Crown became part of the Habsburg Monarchy in 1526. It remained Catholic during the Protestant Reformation, even after the Lutheran Electorate of Saxony had acquired the Lusatias from the Habsburg Emperor Ferdinand II by the 1635 Peace of Prague. Heavily demolished in the Thirty Years' War, the church was again rebuilt in a Baroque style including rich interior decorations quite unique in Northern Germany.

By the Final Act of the 1815 Vienna Congress, Lower Lusatia fell to Prussia and was incorporated into the Province of Brandenburg. The abbey was finally securalised by the order of King Frederick William III two years later. The buildings were later used as an orphanage and a teachers' seminary institution. Nevertheless, while the Neuzelle parish church turned Protestant, the abbey church remained Catholic and in 1947 was consecrated as Blessed Virgin Mary pilgrimage church. Today the monastery complex is held by a public foundation run by the State of Brandenburg.

Demography

Development of population since 1875 within the current boundaries (Blue line: Population; Dotted line: Comparison to population development of Brandenburg state; Grey background: Time of Nazi rule; Red background: Time of communist rule)
Neuzelle: Population development
within the current boundaries (2013)[2]
YearPop.±% p.a.
1875 5,271—    
1890 5,055−0.28%
1910 4,782−0.28%
1925 4,625−0.22%
1933 4,824+0.53%
1939 4,616−0.73%
1946 6,296+4.53%
1950 6,279−0.07%
1964 5,279−1.23%
1971 4,758−1.47%
1981 4,355−0.88%
1985 4,179−1.03%
1989 4,040−0.84%
1990 3,975−1.61%
1991 3,973−0.05%
1992 4,163+4.78%
1993 4,344+4.35%
1994 4,424+1.84%
1995 4,418−0.14%
1996 4,488+1.58%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1997 4,552+1.43%
1998 4,402−3.30%
1999 4,501+2.25%
2000 4,662+3.58%
2001 4,616−0.99%
2002 4,563−1.15%
2003 4,623+1.31%
2004 4,680+1.23%
2005 4,641−0.83%
2006 4,592−1.06%
2007 4,582−0.22%
2008 4,539−0.94%
2009 4,497−0.93%
2010 4,471−0.58%
2011 4,404−1.50%
2012 4,344−1.36%
2013 4,319−0.58%
2014 4,315−0.09%
2015 4,302−0.30%
2016 4,281−0.49%

Twin town

Sons and daughters of the community

János Donát was born in Neuzelle
  • Ignaz Bernhard Mauermann (1786-1841), Catholic bishop
  • Julius Fräßdorf (1857-1932), politician (SPD), Saxon President of the Landtag 1919-1923
  • Klaus Grebasch (* 1947), soccer player, born in Bahro
  • János Donát (1744 – 1830), German-born Hungarian painter

References

  1. ↑ "Bevölkerung im Land Brandenburg nach amtsfreien Gemeinden, Ämtern und Gemeinden 31. Dezember 2017 (Fortgeschriebene amtliche Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011)". Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (in German). 2018.
  2. ↑ Detailed data sources are to be found in the Wikimedia Commons.Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons
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