Mount Salak

Mount Salak
Mountain of Salak
Seen from the Northeast.
Highest point
Elevation 2,211 m (7,254 ft) [1]
Prominence 1,678 m (5,505 ft) [2]
Listing Ultra
Ribu
Coordinates 6°43′S 106°44′E / 6.72°S 106.73°E / -6.72; 106.73Coordinates: 6°43′S 106°44′E / 6.72°S 106.73°E / -6.72; 106.73 [1]
Geography
Mount Salak
Location on the island of Java
Location Java, Indonesia
Geology
Mountain type Stratovolcano
Last eruption January 1938[1]

Mount Salak (Indonesian: Gunung Salak, Sundanese: Gunung Salak) is an eroded volcano in West Java, Indonesia. It has several satellite cones on its southeast flank and the northern foot, along with two additional craters at the summit. Mount Salak has been evaluated for geothermal power development.[1]

According to a popular belief, the name "Salak" derived from salak, a tropical fruit with scaly skin; however, according to Sundanese tradition, the name was derived from the Sanskrit word Salaka which means "silver". Mount Salak can be translated to "Silver Mountain" or "Mount Silver".

Climbing routes

Mount Salak offers several routes for climbing. The route most often climbed is Curug Nangka, in the northern part of the range. Peak I is visited via easier routes from the east, through Cimelati and Cicurug. Peak I also can be reached by more challenging routes, from Peak II via Sukamantri and Ciapus. An additional alternate route is "the back way" through Cidahu, Sukabumi, and Kawah Ratu near Bunder Mount.

Mount Salak is popular for many mountain climbing clubs, especially Route II, because of the difficulty involved in reaching the peak. Climbers bring water with them, especially through Post I at Kawah Ratu Route. A water source, supplied by rain, exists at an altitude of 2,211 metres (7,254 ft) on this route.

Cimelati can be reached from Cibuntu Village. Water is scarce in parts of this region. An irrigation system ensures that water is plentiful until Post/Shelter III. Beyond this point, travelers must carry water. The route itself is scenic, with several waterfalls as well as a large villa appearing before reaching Post/Shelter I.

Animals

Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela) at Eagle Sanctuary, Loji, Cigombong, West Java, on the slope of Mount Salak, ready to be released.

Mount Salak is a habitat for a variety of animal species, including frogs, toads, reptiles, birds, and mammals. During research, D. M. Nasir (2003) from KSH forest faculty IPB found 11 frog and toad species in Lingkungan S (Environment S) at Ciapus Leutik, Desa Taman Sari, Bogor Residenncy. They are the Asian giant toad, the Asian common toad, the Java spadefoot toad, the Indian cricket frog, Huia masonii, Limnonectes kuhlii, Limnonectes macrodon, Limnonectes microdiscus, Rana chalconota, Rana erythraea, and Rana hosii. The findings did not include tree toads and other mountain toads that might also be found there. At Cidahu, bangkong bertanduk (Megophrys montana) and katak terbang (Rhacophorus reinwardtii) were found.

Many reptiles, including lizards and snakes, live on Mount Salak. These include the chameleons Bronchocela jubata, Bronchocela cristatella, Kadal Kebun (Mabuya multifasciata) and Biawak Sungai (Varanus salvator). Some snakes living in Mount Salak are Ular Tangkai (Calamaria sp.), Ular Siput (Pareas carinatus), Ular Sanca Kembang (Python reticulatus), and many more. Mount Salak has become famous for its habitat for birds; there are at least 232 birds species in total.[3] The most notable birds are Elang Jawa (Spizaetus bartelsi), Crested Serpent Eagle (Spilornis cheela), Ayam Hutan Merah (Gallus gallus), Cuculus micropterus, Phaenicophaeus javanicus, Phaenicophaeus curvirostris, Sasia abnormis, Dicrurus remifer, Cissa thalassina, Crypsirina temia, Burung Kuda (Garrulax rufifrons), Hypothymis azurea, Aethopyga eximia, Aethopyga mystacalis, and Lophozosterops javanicus. The notes about mammals indicate that there are not many living on Mount Salak, aside from leopards, silvery gibbons, Javan surilis, and sunda pangolins.

Aircraft accidents

In 2012, The Jakarta Post dubbed Mount Salak an "airplane graveyard".[4] High turbulence and fast-changing weather conditions of the mountainous terrain are cited as contributing factors to multiple aviation crashes in the area.[4] There were seven aviation crashes around Mount Salak between 2002 and 2012.

One person was killed in the crash of a small aircraft in October 2002, seven in October 2003, two in April 2004, and five in June 2004. Eighteen people were killed in a crash of an Indonesian Air Force military plane in 2008.[4][5]

In 2012, three people were killed in a crash of a training aircraft not long before the SSJ-100 crash, which occurred on May 9, 2012: a Sukhoi Superjet 100 crashed into the mountain during a demonstration flight, killing all 45 people on board.[6]

See also

Media related to Mount Salak at Wikimedia Commons

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Salak". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2006-12-19.
  2. ↑ "Mountains of the Indonesian Archipelago". Peaklist.org. Retrieved 2013-08-18.
  3. ↑ Vorderman (1885) and Hoogerwerf (1948).
  4. 1 2 3 "Mt. Salak: An airplane graveyard". The Jakarta Post. 10 May 2012. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012. Retrieved 11 May 2012.
  5. ↑ В районе индонезийской горы Салак за последние 10 лет произошло уже 7 авиакатастроф
  6. ↑ Vaswani, Karishma (10 May 2012). "Rescue workers find bodies at Russia jet crash site". BBC News. Retrieved 11 May 2012.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.