Morbillivirus

Morbillivirus
Virus classification
Group: Group V ((−)ssRNA)
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Paramyxoviridae
Genus: Morbillivirus
Type species
Measles morbillivirus
Species

Morbillivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Mononegavirales, in the family Paramyxoviridae. Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus currently included seven species. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles: fever, and rash; in animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection.[1][2]

Taxonomy

Genus Morbillivirus: species and their viruses[3]
Genus Species Virus (Abbreviation)
Morbillivirus Canine morbillivirus Canine distemper virus (CDV)
Cetacean morbillivirus Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV)
Feline morbillivirus Feline morbillivirus (FeMV)
Measles morbillivirus* Measles virus (MeV)
Small ruminant morbillivirus Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (PPRV)
Phocine morbillivirus Phocine distemper virus (PDV)
Rinderpest morbillivirus Rinderpest virus (RPV)

Table legend: "*" denotes type species

Structure

Morbillivirions are enveloped, with spherical geometries. Their diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15-16 kb in length. The genome codes for eight proteins.[1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
MorbillivirusSphericalEnvelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by virus attaching to host cell. Replication follows the negative-stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative-stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering, through co-transcriptional RNA editing is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Humans, dogs, cattle, and cetaceans serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are respiratory.[1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
MorbillivirusHumans, dogs, cats, cetaceansNoneGlycoproteinBuddingCytoplasmCytoplasmAerosols

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  2. ↑ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  3. ↑ Amarasinghe, Gaya K.; Bào, Yīmíng; Basler, Christopher F.; Bavari, Sina; Beer, Martin; Bejerman, Nicolás; Blasdell, Kim R.; Bochnowski, Alisa; Briese, Thomas (2017-04-07). "Taxonomy of the order Mononegavirales: update 2017". Archives of Virology. doi:10.1007/s00705-017-3311-7. ISSN 1432-8798. PMID 28389807.
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