Virgaviridae
Virgaviridae | |
---|---|
Virus classification | |
Group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
Family: | Virgaviridae |
Genera | |
|
Virgaviridae is a family of positive sense, single-stranded RNA viruses. Plants serve as natural hosts.[1][2][3][4] There are currently 59 species in this family, divided among 7 genera.[2][3][5] The name of the family is derived from the Latin word virga (rod), as all viruses in this family are rod-shaped.
Taxonomy
Viruses include in the family Virgaviridae are characterized by unique alpha-like replication proteins.
Group: ssRNA(+)
- Family: Virgaviridae
- Genus: Furovirus
- Chinese wheat mosaic virus
- Japanese soil-borne wheat mosaic virus
- Oat golden stripe virus
- Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus
- Soil-borne wheat mosaic virus
- Sorghum chlorotic spot virus
- Genus: Hordeivirus
- Anthoxanthum latent blanching virus
- Barley stripe mosaic virus
- Lychnis ringspot virus
- Poa semilatent virus
- Genus: Pecluvirus
- Indian peanut clump virus
- Peanut clump virus
- Genus: Pomovirus
- Beet soil-borne virus
- Beet virus Q
- Broad bean necrosis virus
- Potato mop-top virus
- Genus: Tobamovirus
- Bell pepper mottle virus
- Brugmansia mild mottle virus
- Cactus mild mottle virus
- Clitoria yellow mottle virus
- Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus
- Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus
- Cucumber mottle virus
- Frangipani mosaic virus
- Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus
- Hibiscus latent Singapore virus
- Kyuri green mottle mosaic virus
- Maracuja mosaic virus
- Obuda pepper virus
- Odontoglossum ringspot virus
- Paprika mild mottle virus
- Passion fruit mosaic virus
- Pepper mild mottle virus
- Rattail cactus necrosis-associated virus
- Rehmannia mosaic virus
- Ribgrass mosaic virus
- Sammons's Opuntia virus
- Streptocarpus flower break virus
- Sunn-hemp mosaic virus
- Tobacco latent virus
- Tobacco mild green mosaic virus
- Tobacco mosaic virus
- Tomato mosaic virus
- Tomato mottle mosaic virus
- Tropical soda apple mosaic virus
- Turnip vein-clearing virus
- Ullucus mild mottle virus
- Wasabi mottle virus
- Yellow tailflower mild mottle virus
- Youcai mosaic virus
- Zucchini green mottle mosaic virus
- Genus: Tobravirus
- Pea early-browning virus
- Pepper ringspot virus
- Tobacco rattle virus
- Genus: Goravirus
- Drakaea virus A
- Gentian ovary ringspot virus
Structure
Viruses in Virgaviridae are non-enveloped, with rigid helical rod geometries, and helical symmetry. The diameter is around 20-25 nm,[2][3] and virions have a central "canal." Genomes are linear, single-stranded, positive sense RNA[2][3] with a 3'-tRNA like structure and no polyA tail. They may be in one, two, or three segments, depending on the genus. Coat proteins are about 19–24 kiloDaltons.
Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tobamovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Non-Segmented |
Furovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Pecluvirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Hordeivirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Tobravirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Pomovirus | Rod-shaped | Helical | Non-enveloped | Linear | Segmented |
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, and suppression of termination. The virus exits the host cell by tripartite non-tubule guided viral movement, and monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host.[2][3]
Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tobamovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical |
Furovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus |
Pecluvirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus. Mechanical contact; seed |
Hordeivirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical: contact; seed |
Tobravirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: nematodes |
Pomovirus | Plants | None | Unknown | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: fungus |
Notes
The genus Benyvirus, although its members are rod shaped and infect plants, is not included in this family as its proteins appear to be only very distantly related, but is instead included in the family Benyviridae.[6]
References
- ↑ Adams, Michael J.; Adkins, Scott; Bragard, Claude; Gilmer, David; Li, Dawei; MacFarlane, Stuart A.; Wong, Sek-Man; Melcher, Ulrich; Ratti, Claudio; Ryu, Ki Hyun (1 August 2017). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Virgaviridae". Journal of General Virology. 98 (8): 1999–2000. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.000884.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "ICTV Report Virgaviridae".
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ↑ Adams MJ, Antoniw JF, Kreuze J (2009) Virgaviridae: a new family of rod-shaped plant viruses. Arch Virol 154(12):1967–1972
- ↑ ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2015 Release". Retrieved 4 June 2016.
- ↑ "ICTV Report Benyviridae".