2017 Barcelona attacks

2017 Barcelona attacks
Part of Islamic terrorism in Europe (2014–present)
La Rambla, the site of the van attack; pictured in 2011
La Rambla, the site of the van attack; pictured in 2011
La Rambla, Barcelona attack
Cambrils attack
Alcanar explosion
Subirats
Location La Rambla, Barcelona and Cambrils, Catalonia, Spain
Coordinates

La Rambla: 41°22′53″N 2°10′23″E / 41.38139°N 2.17306°E / 41.38139; 2.17306Coordinates: 41°22′53″N 2°10′23″E / 41.38139°N 2.17306°E / 41.38139; 2.17306

Cambrils: 41°22′53″N 2°10′23″E / 41.38139°N 2.17306°E / 41.38139; 2.17306
Alcanar: 40°34′51″N 0°33′11″E / 40.580919°N 0.553046°E / 40.580919; 0.553046
Subirats: 41°23′05″N 1°47′53″E / 41.384722°N 1.798056°E / 41.384722; 1.798056
Date 17–18 August 2017
16:54–01:15 CEST (UTC+2)
Target Pedestrians
Attack type
 Vehicle-ramming attack, Stabbing
Weapons Alcanar: Gas cylinders (accidental[1] explosion)
Barcelona: A van and a knife
Cambrils: A car and a knife
Deaths Alcanar: 0 (+2 terrorists)
Barcelona: 15
Cambrils: 1 (+5 terrorists)
Subirats: 0 (+1 terrorist)
Total: 16 (+8 terrorists)
Non-fatal injuries
 Alcanar: 15
Barcelona: 131
Cambrils: 6
Total: 152
Perpetrators Barcelona: Younes Abouyaaqoub
(shot by police in Subirats)
Cambrils: Moussa Oukabir, Said Aallaa, Mohamed Hychami, Omar Hychami, Houssaine Abouyaaqoub; all of whom were shot dead by police at Cambrils[2][3]
Alcanar: Abdelbaki Es Satty
Youssef Aalla
(died in the explosion)
Suspected perpetrators
 4 arrested suspects

On the afternoon of 17 August 2017, 22-year-old Younes Abouyaaqoub drove a van into pedestrians on La Rambla in Barcelona, Spain, killing 13 people and injuring at least 130 others, one of whom died 10 days later on 27 August. Abouyaaqoub fled the attack on foot, then killed another person in order to steal the victim's car to make his escape.[4][5][6]

Nine hours after the Barcelona attack, five men thought to be members of the same terrorist cell drove into pedestrians in nearby Cambrils, killing one woman and injuring six others. All five of those attackers were shot and killed by police.[7]

The night before the Barcelona attack, an explosion occurred in a house in the Spanish town of Alcanar, destroying the building and killing two members of the terrorist cell; including the 40-year-old imam thought to be the mastermind.[8] The home had over 120 gas canisters inside which police believe the cell was attempting to make into one large bomb (or three smaller bombs to be placed in three vans which they had rented) but which they accidentally detonated.[9][6]

The Prime Minister of Spain, Mariano Rajoy, called the attack in Barcelona a jihadist attack.[10] Amaq News Agency attributed indirect responsibility for the attack to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).[11] The attacks were the deadliest in Spain since the March 2004 Madrid train bombings and the deadliest in Barcelona since the 1987 Hipercor bombing.[12] Younes Abouyaaqoub, the driver of the van in the Barcelona attack, was killed by police in a town 30 miles west of Barcelona on 21 August.[6]

Events

Alcanar explosions

On 16 August 2017, an explosion destroyed a house in Alcanar. Abdelbaki Es Satty and another man, possibly Youssef Aallaa, died in the Alcanar explosion.[13][14]

Police initially thought it was an accidental gas explosion, but hours later believed the explosion was caused by stockpiled explosives accidentally going off. A Moroccan man was injured in the explosion and taken to the hospital; he is to be questioned by police. The explosive TATP[15] and 120 canisters of butane and propane were found inside the house.[16][17] Catalan bomb squads carried out a controlled explosion at the property where the gas canisters were stored. There was speculation that the terrorists intended to take trucks loaded with explosives and combustible gas to attack the Sagrada Família.[18][19]

Police said they were working under the hypothesis that the terrorists shot in Cambrils were connected to the Barcelona attack and Alcanar explosions.[20] Police chief Josep Lluís Trapero believed terrorists were in the process of manipulating the gas canisters when they exploded, after which they decided to continue their plans by conducting more rudimentary vehicle ramming attacks.[21]

Second explosion

A second explosion occurred at the same location during excavation, possibly caused by a spark from a backhoe igniting a gas canister among the debris. At least nine people were injured, with one police officer in critical condition.[22]

Barcelona attacks

Van attack on pedestrians in La Rambla

Distance covered by the van, during the attack.
"Paviment Miró" - where the van stopped after the attack in Las Ramblas

At 16:56 CEST (UTC+2) on 17 August,[23] Younes Abouyaaqoub drove a white Fiat Talento van onto the pavement of Barcelona's La Rambla, crashing into pedestrians for about 550 metres (1,800 ft) between Plaça de Catalunya and Liceu before stopping on the Joan Miró mosaic. Witnesses said the vehicle zigzagged at high speed down the street, ramming pedestrians and cyclists.[24]

The numerous impacts the van had received caused the airbag to inflate and the driver protection system to automatically shut down the electrical system of the van, causing it to halt. In the confusion, Abouyaaqoub was able to get away. He fled on foot and made his way to the university district before hijacking a car and stabbing the driver to death.[25]

The van used in the La Rambla attack was rented in the neighbouring area of Santa Perpètua de Mogoda,[26] along with a similar van, considered to be a getaway vehicle and found by 19:00 in Vic.[27] Younes Abouyaaqoub's credit card was used to pay for the van rental.[28]

In a police press conference at 19:00 local time, a spokesperson confirmed the terrorist nature of the event.[29][30]

Ramming of police barricade on Avinguda Diagonal

A car involved before ramming a police barricade.

About two hours after the attack on La Rambla, a white Ford Focus rammed a police barricade in Avinguda Diagonal, leaving an officer injured.[31] The vehicle fled to a neighboring area, Sant Just Desvern, and the driver abandoned the car near the building known as Walden 7. The police found a man stabbed to death in the rear seat whom, they believe, was murdered by the Ramblas driver who had escaped by hijacking the car.[32]

Cambrils attack

Passeig Marítim – the location of the second car attack

At about 21:30 on 17 August, Houssaine Abouyaaqoub, Omar Hichamy, Mohamed Hichamy, Moussa Oukabir, and Said Aalla were seen on a security camera at a local shop purchasing four knives and one axe.[33]

A car involved before the accident

At around 1:00 AM on 18 August in Cambrils, the five men drove an Audi A3 automobile into a crowd of pedestrians before it rolled over at the intersection of Passeig Miramar, Passeig Marítim and Rambla de Jaume I streets.[34] The five individuals inside were wearing fake suicide vests,[35] and attacked bystanders with knives. A 63-year-old Spanish woman was stabbed to death.[36] Six other people were injured in the attack, including a Cuban tourist and a police officer.[37]

A police officer shot and killed four of the assailants, while a fifth died of his injuries hours later.[38] One of the assailants was filmed by bystanders being shot by police, including as he rushed towards the police officers.[12] The men were linked to the Barcelona attack according to the police.[39]

Subirats shootout

On 21 August, police shot and killed Younes Abouyaaqoub[40] near a gas station in Subirats, about 40 km (25 miles) from Barcelona. Mossos d'Esquadra, the region's police force, tweeted: "The suspect is wearing an explosive belt attached to his body. The individual has been shot dead." A woman in Subirats is believed to have called police after spotting a man whom she thought was Younes Abouyaaqoub. The man ran towards an area of vineyards after she shouted at him to ask what he was doing.[41]

Casualties

Victims by nationality
Country Dead Injured
Alcanar Barcelona Cambrils Alcanar Barcelona Cambrils
 Spain[42] 0 10 0 2
 Italy[48][49] 0 0 1 3 0
 Portugal[52][53] 0 0 0 0 0
 Australia[56] 0 0 0 4 0
 Canada[58] 0 0 0 4 0
 Belgium[60] 0 0 0 2 0
 Argentina[62] 0 0 0 2 0
 United States[64] 0 0 0 1 0
 Germany[66] 0 0 0 13 0
 France[68][69] 0 0 0 4 30[70] 0
 Cuba[71] 0 0 0 0 5 0
 Philippines[72] 0 0 0 0 4 0
 Algeria[73] 0 0 0 0 3 0
 Greece[74] 0 0 0 0 3 0
 Morocco[75] 0 0 0 0 3 0
 Netherlands[64] 0 0 0 0 3 0
 Romania[76] 0 0 0 0 3 0
 Chinese Taipei[77] 0 0 0 0 2 0
 Denmark[78] 0 0 0 0 2 0
 Ecuador[79] 0 0 0 0 2 0
 Venezuela[80] 0 0 0 0 2 0
 Colombia[81] 0 0 0 0 1 + 1 missing[82] 0
 Macedonia[83] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Honduras[84] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Ireland[71] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Japan[64] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Peru[85] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Russia[86] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Serbia[87] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Turkey[88] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Israel[89] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Dominican Republic[90] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Hungary[91] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Egypt[92] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Brazil[93] 0 0 0 0 1 0
 Austria[94] 0 0 0 0 ? ?
 Kuwait[94] 0 0 0 0 ? ?
 United Kingdom[94] 0 0 0 0 ? ?
 Mauritania[94] 0 0 0 0 ? ?
 Pakistan[94] 0 0 0 0 ? ?
Desconocido 0 0 0 0 28 4
Total 0 15[95] 1[96] 15 133 6[96]
16[95]
155

Aside from eight attackers,[97] 16 people of ten nationalities were killed: 14 who were struck by the van in La Rambla, including one who died from their injuries 10 days after the attack,[4] one stabbed in Barcelona by the La Rambla attacker when the attacker stole his car, and one in Cambrils.[98] Over 130 people from over 34 nations were injured, many critically.[99]

Suspects

The imam Abdelbaki Es Satty died in the Alcanar gas explosion on 16 August,[100] as did Youssef Aalla, brother of Said Aallaa.[101] Five suspected members were shot dead by police on 18 August after the Cambrils attack: Moussa Oukabir, Omar Hychami, El Houssaine Abouyaaqoub, Said Aallaa and Mohamed Hychami. Younes Abouyaaqoub, the man believed to have been the van driver, was killed by police on 21 August.[102][103] Four additional suspects were detained by police.[104][105][106]

Younes Abouyaaqoub

Younes Abouyaaqoub, aged 22, was born on 1 January 1995 in M'rirt, Morocco, and had lived in Ripoll, Spain since he was four years old.[107][108] He was the driver of the van that killed 14 people on La Rambla. He initially fled the scene of the attack on La Rambla through the Mercat de la Boqueria,[109][110] then hijacked a car near the Zona Universitària station, stabbing the driver to death. On 21 August, police caught up with him in Subirats, a village near Barcelona. He was wearing a fake suicide vest and shouted "Allahu Akbar" before police shot and killed him.[111][112][102]

According to police sources, his identity documents were found in the second van, which was intercepted by Catalan police in Vic.[108] His mother told the press that her son had been brainwashed by the imam Abdelbaki Es Satty.[113]

Houssaine Abouyaaqoub

Houssaine Abouyaaqoub, aged 19, was the brother of Younes Abouyaaqoub and one of the attackers killed in Cambrils in the early hours of 18 August.[114] He was a deliveryman for a kebab restaurant in Ripoll.[115] Both Abouyaaqoub brothers were first cousins of Mohamed and Omar Hychami.[116]

Moussa Oukabir

Moussa Oukabir was 17 at the time of the attack.[6] He was shot and killed by police after the Cambrils attack.[117]

The Fiat Talento van used the in La Rambla attack had been rented using the ID of Oukabir's brother[118] who told police that Moussa Oukabir had stolen his ID.[12]

Moussa Oukabir had been living legally in Spain since 2005.[119] In 2014 and 2015, he played futsal (a form of indoor football) for the local Ripoll youth team.[120] In 2015, when asked on the social media website Kiwi what he would do in his first day as king of the world, he responded, "Kill the infidels and only spare Muslims who follow the religion."[121][122] Moussa's brother has told the judge that Moussa had increased his prayer frequency, chided him for not spending time with Muslims only, and had told him that Muslims have to do "jihad, which implies war."[123][124]

Said Aallaa

Said Aallaa, 19, was born in Naour, Morocco.[125] He had been living in Ribes de Freser, Spain, a village near Ripoll.[126]

He was shot and killed by police after the Cambrils attack.[117][127] La Vanguardia reported that Aallaa's social media contained photographs of firearms and that his religiosity was evidenced by his membership in Islamic study groups.[128] Said had left a note in his room apologising for the harm he was about to cause.[129]

Youssef Aallaa

Aalla's death in the explosion at Alcanar was later confirmed by police from DNA at the explosion site.[130] Like all the other suspects, Youssef was born in Morocco.[131] Youssef was a brother of Said Aallaa. Their father said Youssef attended the mosque.[132]

Mohamed Hychami

Mohamed Hychami, aged 24 was born in Mrirt, Morocco.[133] He was the cousin of Younes Abouyaaqoub, the driver of the van in the La Rambla attack. He was in the Audi used in the Cambrils attack and was shot and killed by police there.[117][134] Hychami's mother told the media that Mohamed had said he was leaving on vacation and would return in a week.[135]

Omar Hychami

Omar Hychami was 21, and was born in Mrirt, Morocco. He was the brother of fellow attacker Mohamed Hychami, and the cousin of the Rambla van driver Younes Abouyaaqoub.

Abdelbaki Es Satty

Abdelbaki Es Satty was a 44-year-old imam in Ripoll who was born in Morocco in 1973 and arrived in Spain in 2002.[136][137][138] He was convicted of drug smuggling in 2014 and was to be deported from Spain, but Es Satty claimed deportation violated his human rights and he remained in Spain. A successful asylum application in November 2014 facilitated him moving freely in the 26 EU countries of the Schengen area.[139] On 21 August, he was confirmed to have died in the accidental explosion in Alcanar on 16 August.[13][140][141] As the imam thought to have been important in radicalising the other terrorists, he has been considered the "mastermind" of the planned attacks.[142]

Es Satty had been renting a room in the house for four months.[143][144] Es Satty, who had been employed as imam at the Ripoll mosque since 2015,[145] quit "abruptly" in June.[146] He had also stayed in Belgium for approximately three months in 2016, where he had been searching for work, including in Vilvoorde.[129] Investigators believe the imam might be aligned with the Salafist movement, but this might not be unusual, as one in three Islamic prayer centers in Catalonia are.[147]

He has been described as "unfailingly courteous and studiously discreet", betraying no radicalism in his appearance and interactions with those who did not know him, and training those in his terrorist cell to also lead double lives.[148]

Arrests

Police arrested four men in connection with the attacks. Three of the men were arrested in Ripoll: the owner of the car used in the Cambrils attack, the brother of Moussa Oukabir, and a third man. In Alcanar, 20-year-old Mohamed Houli Chemlal, who survived the Alcanar explosion was also arrested.[149] Mohamed Houli Chemlal and Driss Oukabir have been charged with membership of a terror organisation and murder with Mohamed also been charged with possession of explosives. Both remain in custody.[150] [98][151][152] By 24 August 2017, two of the suspects, Salh El Karib and Mohamed Aalla, had been released on certain conditions, including that they hand over their passports.[153]

Alleged ISIS inspiration

The ISIS-linked Amaq News Agency claimed the attack was carried out in response to the call for targeting states in the anti-ISIS coalition, of which Spain is a member, contributing about 400 soldiers training Iraqi army and police forces.[11][12]

The Economist portrayed the motivation for this 2017 attack in Spain as rather ‘less obvious’, Spain being ‘a minor player in the campaign against ISIS and other groups’, though admittedly Spain contributed 150 soldiers to Operation Serval fighting Islamic militants in Mali, and in online propaganda linked to ISIS the Sagrada Família basilica was suggested as possible target and ISIS is suggested to have boasted about recovering the Islamic lands of Al-Andalus.[12]

Reactions

Domestic

The King of Spain going to lay a wreath with the President of Catalonia and the Mayor of Barcelona

Mossos d'Esquadra, the police force of Catalonia, launched Operation Cage to locate the perpetrators.[154] All public events in Barcelona were cancelled, and both Carles Puigdemont, the President of the Generalitat of Catalonia, and Ada Colau, the Mayor of Barcelona, cancelled their holidays to return to the city and take part in crisis management.[155] Likewise, Prime Minister of Spain Mariano Rajoy cancelled his holidays and travelled to Barcelona with the Spanish Deputy Prime Minister, Soraya Sáenz de Santamaría, and Juan Ignacio Zoido, the Spanish Minister of the Interior.[156] Spain declared three days of mourning.[157]

The day after the attacks, a minute's silence led by Catalan President Carles Puigdemont, Barcelona Mayor Ada Colau, and King Felipe VI of Spain was observed at Plaça de Catalunya, which ended with applause and chants of "No tinc por" ("I am not afraid").[158] During the following days candles and flowers were left at the Joan Miró mosaic at La Rambla, in memory of the victims. The King and Queen also left a wreath in the name of the Crown.[159]

On 26 August 2017, a large crowd marched down the Passeig de Gràcia in Barcelona in a protest against the terror attacks. The march was called by the city council and Catalan government. Some people booed the King of Spain and displayed signs blaming the Head of State for the Spanish arms sales. Other demonstrators displayed Spanish and Catalan flags.[160][161][162][163]

On 10 September 2017, the security and emergency services were awarded the Medal of Honour of the Catalan Parliament (Medalla d'Honor del Parlament de Catalunya). With this medal the Catalan Parliament recognises the dedication, effort, and courage of the Mossos d'Esquadra, Guàrdia Urbana de Barcelona, Local Police of Cambrils, and the Emergency Services. The Major of the Catalan Police, Josep Lluís Trapero Álvarez, collected the award and made a speech mourning the victims.[164]

International

Many world leaders reacted to the events, condemning the attacks and expressing shock and solidarity with Spain, as well as offering support.[165]

News sources have asked whether the attack would affect the vote in the 2017 Catalan independence referendum.[12][166][167]

Aftermath

Several days after the attack, islamophobic incidents were produced in Sevilla, Logroño and Granada.[168] Ministerio del Interior and Cuerpo Nacional de Policía recommended the installation of bollards, but Generalitat chosed to improve the presence by the police officers.[169][170]

See also

References

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  67. ↑ "Muere una mujer alemana de 51 años herida en el atentado de Barcelona". El País. Barcelona. August 27, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
  68. ↑ "Attentat de Barcelone : 26 Français blessés dans l'attaque". Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  69. ↑ "Un home i un nen de Rubí, entre les 14 víctimes mortals dels atemptats". Ara.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  70. ↑ "Suman 30 franceses heridos en los atentados en Cataluña". Televisa. París. August 19, 2017. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
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  72. ↑ "4 Filipinos injured in Barcelona attack". philstar.com. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  73. ↑ "Three Algerians injured in Barcelona terrorist attack". en.aps.dz. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  74. ↑ "Greek mother, her two children among the injured in Barcelona van attack". Keep Talking Greece. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  75. ↑ "Tres marroquíes entre los heridos de Barcelona, uno de ellos un niño muy grave". EFE. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  76. ↑ "MAE: Printre răniţii de la Barcelona se află doi români" (in Romanian). Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  77. ↑ "2 Taiwanese tourists injured in Barcelona terrorist attack | Taiwan News". Taiwan News. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  78. ↑ "Nye oplysninger: Her er manden, der mistænkes for at køre folk ihjel i Barcelona". www.bt.dk (in Danish). Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  79. ↑ "Las dos ecuatorianas heridas en atentado en Barcelona están fuera de peligro". El Telégrafo. August 18, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  80. ↑ "Una venezolana entre los heridos del atentado de Barcelona". El Estímulo. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  81. ↑ "Cancillería confirma que hay un colombiano entre los heridos". El Tiempo. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  82. ↑ EFE (August 18, 2017). "Cancillería confirma que hay un colombiano herido en atentado de Barcelona". La Vanguardia. Bogotá. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
  83. ↑ "One Macedonian citizen injured in Barcelona terror attack". MIA. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
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  85. ↑ Redacción (August 18, 2017). "Una peruana herida en el ataque terrorista en La Rambla de Barcelona". El Comercio (in Spanish). Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  86. ↑ "Russian Woman Injured in Barcelona Terror Attack - Russian Tourism Agency". Sputnik News. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  87. ↑ "MSP: Državljanka Srbije povređena u napadu u Barseloni". B92.net (in Serbian). Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  88. ↑ "Turkish national among Barcelona injured". Anadolu Agency. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  89. ↑ "ברונו הציל את בנו ומת, אלקה נרצחה לעיני ילדיה: קורבנות הפיגוע בברצלונה". Ynet (in Hebrew). August 18, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  90. ↑ Guzmán, Sandra (18 August 2017). "Hay una dominicana entre los heridos del atentado en Barcelona". El Caribe. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  91. ↑ "Barcelonai terror: nincs magyar halálos áldozat, egy magyar nő könnyebben megsérült". 24.hu (in Hungarian). August 18, 2017. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  92. ↑ "Egyptian woman amongst injured in Barcelona ramming attack - Egypt Today". Egypt Today. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
  93. ↑ "'Pessoas pisavam umas nas outras', diz amigo de brasileiro ferido em atentado". Folha de S.Paulo. Retrieved August 20, 2017.
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  95. 1 2 Agencias (August 22, 2017). "Los atentados de Barcelona y Cambrils dejan 15 muertos y más de 120 heridos". Radiotelevisión Española. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
  96. 1 2 Agencias (August 18, 2017). "Una fallecida, cinco terroristas abatidos y seis civiles heridos en el ataque terrorista de Cambrils". Heraldo de Aragón. Zaragoza. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
  97. ↑ "Barcelona attack: Suspected van driver shot dead by police". BBC. 21 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  98. 1 2 Burgen, Stephen (21 August 2017). "Spain terror attacks death toll rises to 15 as main suspect hunted across Europe". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  99. ↑ Hatton, Barry; Wilson, Joseph (17 August 2017). "Barcelona attack: Van driver kills 13, injures 100". CTV News. The Associated Press. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  100. ↑ "'Barcelona attack: Suspected van driver shot dead by police". BBC.
  101. ↑ Europa Press (20 July 2018). "Los Mossos confirman la muerte de Youssef Aalla, el segundo terrorista fallecido en la explosión de Alcanar". Antena 3 TV (in Spanish). Madrid: Atresmedia. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  102. 1 2 "'La policía mata a Younes Abouyaaqoub, el autor del atentado de Barcelona". La Vanguardia. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  103. ↑ "Spain terror attacks death toll rises to 15 as main suspect hunted across Europe". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  104. ↑ "Double attack in Catalonia – Identified the five presumed terrorists killed in Cambrils and manhunt for one at large". RTVE – Radio Televisión Española (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  105. ↑ "Fourth terror suspect arrested after Barcelona and Cambrils attacks". 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  106. ↑ "Four arrested over Spain attacks: Who are they?". Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  107. ↑ "Tímido, buen estudiante y fanático de los coches y el fútbol: así era Younes Abouyaaqoub". 22 August 2017 – via El Pais.
  108. 1 2 "Younes Abouyaaqoub: este es el sospechoso del atentado de Barcelona". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  109. ↑ "Las imágenes del terrorista huyendo de La Rambla de Barcelona". El País (in Spanish). Madrid: Prisa. 13 September 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  110. ↑ ""Vi el vídeo unas 15 veces y me quedé congelada", asegura la chica que grabó al terrorista de Las Ramblas segundos después del atropello". Antena 3 TV (in Spanish). Madrid: Atresmedia. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
  111. ↑ Macguire, Eoghan; Silva, Daniella. "Spanish Police Fatally Shoot Suspect in Barcelona Terror Attack". NBC News. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  112. ↑ "Barcelona attack: Van driver shot dead by police". BBC. Retrieved 21 August 2017. Abouyaaqoub and wearing a fake explosive belt. Police shot and killed him .
  113. ↑ Guy Hedgecoe. "'A mastermind has brainwashed them': Family of Barcelona terror suspect speak out". The Irish Times. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  114. ↑ "Barcelona attack: four suspects face court after van driver is shot dead". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  115. ↑ "HOUSSAINE ABOUYAAQOUB'S HATE MESSAGES BEFORE THE ATTACK". La Voz Libre (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 August 2017. Houssaine worked in delivery in a kebab restaurant in Ripoll
  116. ↑ "The Las Ramblas suspect's family: "Until last year, Younes was completely normal"". Público (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 August 2017. Abouyaaqoub's brother El Houssaine and his first cousins, brothers Mohamed and Omar Hychami, are three of the five men shot dead by police in a similar attack that took place on Friday morning in the Catalan municipality of Cambrils
  117. 1 2 3 Rodríguez, Jesús García, Marta (19 August 2017). "Los Mossos buscan al sospechoso del atropello en La Rambla de Barcelona".
  118. ↑ F. Javier Barroso. "The man who drove the cargo van remains free". El Pais (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  119. ↑ Javier Oms. "El conductor del atentado de Barcelona aún no está identificado". El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  120. ↑ Mudo Deportivo: Dos terroristas en el equipo juvenil del Ripoll (in Spanish)
  121. ↑ "Barcelona and Cambrils attacks: Who was Moussa Oukabir?". BBC. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  122. ↑ Jack Moore. "Barcelona Attack Suspect Moussa Oukabir Posted 'Kill The Infidels' Online". Newsweek. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  123. ↑ FERNANDO J. PÉREZ (1 September 2017). "Driss Oukabir confessed that his brother Moussa told him that he had to do the jihad". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 September 2017. Driss Oukabir admitted to the judge that his brother, 17, had increased the frequency of his prayers and blamed him for spending time with non-muslims. In addition, the minor took precautions to camouflage his radicalization from the security forces, according to the magistrate. Moussa avoided going to the first prayer of the morning, on suspicion that the security forces had that prayer under surveillance in the mosque of Ripoll. The detainee, who rented the Fiat Talento with which Youness Abouyaaqoub ran over La Rambla de Barcelona on the afternoon of 17 August, acknowledged before the judge that his younger brother had told him that Muslims had to do "the jihad that implies war.
  124. ↑ MANUEL MARRACO (1 September 2017). "Driss Oukabir admits before the judge that his brother Moussa wanted to do "the jihad that implies war"". El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 September 2017. He [Moussa] would have suffered a religious exacerbation, reflected both in his way of dressing and wearing his hair, as well as in his religious habits. He adds that in his judicial declaration, Oukabir acknowledged that his brother had increased his prayers, reproached him for not spending time with muslims only and intended to hide his radicalization from possible police investigators, avoiding attending the first prayer of the day, in the face of suspicions that the police monitored that first prayer. Driss Oukabir also acknowledged before the judge that his brother had told him that Muslims had to do jihad, "the jihad that implies war."
  125. ↑ Metro.co.uk, Harley Tamplin for (18 August 2017). "Three main suspects in Spain terror attacks have been killed, police say".
  126. ↑ Giles Tremlett; Sam Jones; Stephen Burgen. "Spain terror cell planned Barcelona bombing rampage". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  127. ↑ Daniel Somolinos. "The "model" younger Oukabir brother". El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  128. ↑ "One of the now dead terrorists featured guns on his Facebook account". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). 19 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  129. 1 2 "Barcelona attack suspect 'hijacked car to escape'". 21 August 2017 – via www.bbc.com.
  130. ↑ Barcelona, Efe / (24 August 2017). "Los Mossos identifican a Youssef Aallaa en los escombros de Alcanar".
  131. ↑ "The attacks in Catalonia, a week later". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 August 2017. The jihadist cell was formed by at least a dozen terrorists, all born in Morocco
  132. ↑ "Catalan police confirm that Youssef Aallaa died in the Alcanar explosion". ABC (in Spanish). EFE. Retrieved 24 August 2017. Brahim said as well that his son Youssef attended the mosque
  133. ↑ Samia Errazzouki. "Moroccan suspect in Barcelona attack turned more conservative in past year - family". Reuters. Retrieved 26 August 2017. involvement in the Barcelona attack of Younes Abouyaaqoub, 22, as well as his brother and two cousins, all originally from the small Moroccan town of Mrirt
  134. ↑ "Se confirma la identidad de los cinco abatidos en Cambrils". EuropaPress. 18 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  135. ↑ "Police hunt for suspected Barcelona van driver". ABC News. 20 August 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  136. ↑ François Musseau. "In Ripoll, the mysteries of the two-faced imam". Libération (in French). Retrieved 25 August 2017. Abdelbaki Es Satty, arrived in Spain from his native Morocco in 2002
  137. ↑ Quico Alsedo; Pablo Herraíz. "Shadows and errors in the investigation of the attacks of Barcelona and Cambrils". El Mundo (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 August 2017. Documentation of Es Satty (Morocco, 1973), who had arrived in Spain in 2002, was found in 2006
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  139. ↑ "Imam behind Barcelona terror attacks used human rights to fight deportation from Spain". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
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  141. ↑ ALIX CULBERTSON. "PICTURED: Humble bolthole of Barcelona jihadi cell ringleader imam being hunted by police". Sunday Express. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
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  143. ↑ "Los Mossos registran la vivienda del imán de Ripoll". 19 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
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  145. ↑ Angus Berwick. "In quiet mountain town, Barcelona attackers went under radar". Reuters. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  146. ↑ "Spain terror attacks: Authorities investigate missing imam, mysterious explosion". CBS. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
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  148. ↑ RUBIN, ALISSA J.; KINGSLEY, PATRICK; KARASZ, PALKO (23 August 2017). "How a Shadowy Imam Evaded Scrutiny and Forged the Barcelona Cell". New York Times. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
  149. ↑ EFE (28 July 2018). "Mohammed Houli, el terrorista herido en Alcanar, confirma al juez que planeaban un atentado mayor". La Sexta Noticias (in Spanish). Madrid: Atresmedia Corporación de Medios de Comunicación, S.A. Retrieved 30 August 2018.
  150. ↑ "Los terroristas de Cataluña que viajaron a París pasaron por la torre Eiffel antes de volver a España".
  151. ↑ "Barcelona attack: Spain terror cell had 120 gas canisters". 20 August 2017 – via www.bbc.com.
  152. ↑ "Espagne attentats : Ce qu'on sait sur Mohamed Houli Chemlal, le terroriste d'Alcanar". Dreuz.info. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
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  154. ↑ "Hero policewoman kills FOUR jihadists wearing fake suicide vests". dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  155. ↑ "Atemptat a la Rambla de Barcelona". Ara. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  156. ↑ "Rajoy, Santamaría i Zoido viatgen a Barcelona per participar en el gabinet de crisi per l'atemptat". Ara.cat (in Catalan). Retrieved 17 August 2017.
  157. ↑ "El Gobierno de España decreta 3 días de luto oficial en todo el país". OK Diario. 17 August 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
  158. ↑ "España se paraliza para guardar un minuto de silencio por las víctimas de los atentados". RTVE.es.
  159. ↑ "Altar improvisado en recuerdo de las víctimas de la barbarie". 20minutos. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
  160. ↑ Segura, Cristian (26 August 2017). "Barcelona protesta contra el terror entre abucheos al Rey y 'estelades'". El País (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  161. ↑ Burgen, Stephen (26 August 2017). "Spain attacks: thousands march through Barcelona in show of defiance". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 August 2017.
  162. ↑ "La tremenda pitada al rey en la manifestación de Barcelona". 26 August 2017.
  163. ↑ Clarin.com. "Abucheos al rey en la manifestación contra el terrorismo en Barcelona". www.clarin.com.
  164. ↑ "Josep Lluís Trapero reivindica la "profesionalidad" de los Mossos d'Esquadra y su defensa de la libertad" [Josep Lluís Trapero claims the "professionalism" of the Mossos d'Esquadra and its defense of freedom]. Europa Press (in Spanish). Barcelona. 10 September 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
  165. ↑ "How the world reacted to the Barcelona terror attack". The Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. 18 August 2017. Retrieved 18 August 2017.
  166. ↑ Stefanie Müller (18 August 2017). "Terror attacks in Spain could pose problems for Catalonian independence". Deutsche Welle. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  167. ↑ Patrick Jackson (20 August 2017). "Barcelona attacks: What could they mean for Catalan independence?". BBC News. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  168. ↑ Liñán, José Manuel Abad (20 August 2017). "Las mezquitas de Granada, Sevilla y Logroño denuncian agresiones islamófobas". El País (in Spanish). Prisa. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  169. ↑ "El documento con el que la Policía recomendó colocar bolardos en accesos a lugares concurridos". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Barcelona. 19 August 2017. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
  170. ↑ Lázaro, Fernando; Boiza, Ferran (19 August 2017). "Colau y los Mossos esquivaron el consejo policial de poner bolardos". El Mundo (in Spanish). Unidad Editorial. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
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