List of volcanoes in Iceland
This list of volcanoes in Iceland includes 130 active and extinct volcanic mountains, of which 18 have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began circa 900 CE.
List
Volcanic zones and systems
Iceland has four volcanic zones: Reykjanes (Reykjanes Ridge, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge South of Iceland), West and North Volcanic Zones (RVZ, WVZ, NVZ) and the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ), (Westman Islands). The Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) connects them across central Iceland. There are two intraplate belts too (Öræfajökull (ÖVB) and Snæfellsnes (SVB)). [2][3] North of Iceland the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is called Kolbeinsey Ridge.
The central volcanoes (Iceland's East Volcanic Zone (EVZ)), Vonarskarð and Hágöngur belong to the same volcanic system, this also applies to Bárðarbunga and Hamarinn, and Grímsvötn and Þórðarhyrna.[4] It is proposed that the line Grímsvötn volcano, Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) to Snæfellsnes volcanic belt shows the movement of the North American Plate over the Iceland hotspot.[5]
| Volcanic Zone | Volcanic System | Name of central volcano of the volcanic system | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | RVZ | Reykjanes/Svartsengi | Gunnuhver |
| 2 | RVZ | Krýsuvík | Trölladyngja (Reykjanesskagi) |
| 3 | RVZ | Brennisteinsfjöll | void |
| 4 | WVZ | Hengill | Hengill |
| 5 | WVZ | Hrómundartindur | Hrómundartindur |
| 6 | WVZ | Grensdalur | void |
| 7 | WVZ | Grímsnes | Seyðishólar |
| 8 | WVZ | Geysir | Laugarfjall |
| 9 | WVZ | Western Langjökull | Prestahnúkur |
| 10 | WVZ | Eastern Langjökull | Hveravellir |
| 11 | MIB | Hofsjökull | Hofsjökull |
| 12 | MIB | Kerlingarfjöll | Snækollur |
| 13 | MIB | Tungnafellsjökull | Tungnafellsjökull/Hágöngur |
| 14 | EVZ | Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands) | void |
| 15 | EVZ | Eyjafjallajökull | Eyjafjallajökull |
| 16 | EVZ | Katla | Katla |
| 17 | EVZ | Tindfjallajökull | Tindfjallajökull |
| 18 | EVZ | Hekla-Vatnafjöll | Hekla |
| 19 | EVZ | Torfajökull | Torfajökull |
| 20 | EVZ | Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn | Bárðarbunga/Hamarinn |
| 21 | EVZ | Grímsvötn | Grímsvötn/Thórdarhyrna |
| # | EVZ | (Central volcanoes, as well) | (Vonarskard/Hágöngur)[4] |
| 22 | NVZ | Kverkfjöll | Austari Kverkfjöll |
| 23 | NVZ | Askja | Askja |
| 24 | NVZ | Fremrinámur | void |
| 25 | NVZ | Krafla | Krafla |
| 26 | NVZ | Þeistareykir | Þeistareykjabunga |
| 27 | ÖVB | Öræfajökull | Öræfajökull |
| 28 | ÖVB | Esjufjöll | Snæhetta |
| 29 | ÖVB | Snæfell | Snæfell |
| 30 | SVB | Ljósufjöll | void |
| 31 | SVB | Lýsuskarð | Helgrindur |
| 32 | SVB | Snæfellsjökull | Snæfellsjökull |
See also
References
- Siebert L, Simkin T (2002–present). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3 (http://www.volcano.si.edu).
- Thor Thordarsson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Classic Geology in Europe 3. Iceland. Harpenden, Terra, 2002
- https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/doomsday-volcanoes.html
- ↑ http://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=375010
- ↑ T. Thordarson and G. Larsen (January 2007). "Volcanism in Iceland in historical time: Volcano types, eruption styles and eruptive history". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 118–152. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..118T. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.005.
- ↑ Jóhannesson, H.; Sæmundsson, K. (1998). Geologic Map of Iceland, 1:500,000. Bedrock Geology. Icelandic Institute of Natural History and Iceland Geodetic Survey, Reykjavík.
- 1 2 Gudmundsson, Magnús T.; Thórdís Högnadóttir (January 2007). "Volcanic systems and calderas in the Vatnajökull region, central Iceland: Constraints on crustal structure from gravity data". Journal of Geodynamics. 43 (1): 153–169. Bibcode:2007JGeo...43..153G. doi:10.1016/j.jog.2006.09.015.
- ↑ W. Jason Morgan and Jason Phipps Morgan. Plate velocities in hotspot reference frame: electronic supplement (PDF). p. 111. Retrieved 2010-04-23.