List of Kalevala translations

A list of translations of the Finnish national epic Kalevala in chronological order by language. The epic has appeared in 61 translated languages.[1]

Based partially on the list made by Rauni Puranen and the article here.

LanguageYearTranslatorRemark
German1840N. MühlbergThe first 60 lines of the first song, published in: Verhandlungen der gelehrten Esthnischen Gesellschaft zu Dorpat. Ersten Bandes erstes Heft. 1840, 94-96.
1848Jacob GrimmA short 38 line reading at a presentation in the Berlin Academy of Sciences.
1852Franz Anton SchiefnerA very important translation used by many other translators to bring Kalevala to their own language.
1885–1886H. Paul
1967Lore Fromm, Hans FrommFull translation directly from Finnish.
2004[1]Gisbert JänickeFull translation.
Swedish1841M. A. CastrénFull translation of the 1835 Old Kalevala.
1864–1868Karl CollanFull translation of the 1849 Kalevala.
1884Rafaël Hertzberg
1944Olaf HoménAn abridged edition
1948Björn Collinder
1999Lars Huldén and Mats Huldén
French1845 and 1867Louis Léouzon le DucAn important translation used by many other translators to bring Kalevala to their own language.
1926Charles GuyotAbridged version of Louis Léouzon le Duc's translation.
1927Jean Louis PerretFull translation in metric verse.
1991Gabriel RebourcetFull translation. In old style French vocabulary.
English1868John Addison PorterPartial translation (The story of Aino[2]) via Franz Anton Schiefner's translation.
1869Edward Taylor FletcherPartial translation directly from Finnish (with a lengthy essay).
1888[3]John Martin CrawfordFull translation, via Franz Anton Schiefner's translation.
1893[4][5]R. EivindA complete prose adaptation for children via Crawford's translation.
1907[6][7]William Forsell KirbySecond full translation. Directly from Finnish. Imitates the Kalevala meter.
1950[4]Aili Kolehmainen JohnsonAbridged prose translation.
1954[4]Margaret SperryAdapted verse translation of song 50.
1963Francis Peabody Magoun, Jr.Scholarly prose translation. Included with detailed essays and background information.
1969Francis Peabody Magoun, Jr.Scholarly prose translation of the 1835 Old Kalevala.
1977Ursula SyngeAbridged prose version. Using W.F.Kirby's translation as a reference.
1989Eino FribergEditing and introduction by George C. Schoolfield. Imitates the Kalevala meter selectively. The songs in this version are also not of the same length or structure as in the original.[8] Released to coincide with the 150th anniversary of the original publication.
1989Keith BosleyUses a syllabic verse form to allow for accuracy and metrical variety; released to coincide with the 150th anniversary of the original publication. Subsequently published as an audiobook read by the translator himself in 2013.
Hungarian1871Ferdinánd BarnaFull translation via Franz Anton Schiefner's translation.
1909[9]Béla Vikár
1971Kálmán Nagy
1976István Rácz
1985[10]Antal RegulyOld Kalevala songs 1-3 and 29.
1987Imre Szente
Russian1888[11]Leonid Petrovic BelskyAn important translation used by many other Slavic translators to bring Kalevala to their own language.
1998[12] & 2006[10]Eino Kiuru and Armas Hiiri
Estonian1891–1898M. J. Eisen
1938August Annist
Czech1894–1895J. HolečekFull translation in metric verse.
Ukrainian1901Jevhen Tymčenko
Danish1902Ferdinand OhrtPartial translation.
1994Hilkka and Bent Søndergaard
Italian1909[13]Igino CocchiVerse translation (hendecasyllable)
1910[14]Paolo Emilio PavoliniVerse translation (original metre)
1912[13]Francesco Di Silvestri FalconieriProse translation
1980Liliana CalimeriUsed Ursula Synge's version as a model.
1988[13]Gabriella Agrati and Maria Letizia MaginiProse translation
2007[13]Marcello GanassiniVerse translation (blank verses)
Lithuanian1922Adolfas Sabaliauskas
1972Justinas Marcinkevičius
Latvian1924[10]Linards Laicens
1965?Uses trochaic tetrameter and syllable stress rhythm.
Dutch1928[10]Maya TamminenPartial prose translation.
1940[10]Jan H. Eekhout.An excerpt in poetic form.
1969Jr. Henrik HartwijkTranslation of song #5. Published in the Yearbook of the Kalevala Society.
1985[10]Mies le NobelUtilised German as well as English translations in her translation process.
Serbian1935Ivan S. Šajković
Japanese1937Kakutan Morimoto
1961[10]Tsutomu Kuwaki
1976Tamotsu Koizumi
Spanish1944Alejandro CasonaAbridged prose translation, based on Charles Guyot's version.
1953María Dolores ArroyoFull metric verse translation via Perret's French and Pavolini's Italian translations
1967Juan B. BerguaFull prose translation, via French and English translations
1985Ursula Ojanen and Joaquín FernándezFull translation directly from Finnish.
1995Carmen CrouzeillesAbridged prose translation. Published in Buenos Aires.
Romanian1946Barbu B. Brezianu'sFull prose translation.
1959Iulian VesperFull translation using an eight syllable verse form.
1985[10]P. StarostinPublished in Moldovan which is identical to Romanian. Abridged translation.
Hebrew1954Saul Tschernichovsky
1978Sarah Tubia
Yiddish1954Hersh Rosenfeld
Belarusian1956[10]M. MašapaProse and poetry excerpts.
Icelandic1957 & 1962[10]Karl ÍsfeldThis translation utilises the Icelandic "three-par" alliteration method.
Chinese1962Shih HêngTranslated via the Russian translation.
1981[15]Sun YongTranslated via W.F.Kirby's English translation.
2000[10]Zhang Hua Wen
Esperanto1964Johan Edvard LeppäkoskiFull translation in Kalevala meter, published as trochaic octometers (one for every two Finnish verses) with mandatory central caesura
Turkish1965[16]Hilmi Ziya ÜlkenTranslation of the first 2 songs. Using the Hungarian and French as basis. Published in the Yearbook of the Kalevala Society, volume 43 (1963)
1982Lale and Muammar OğuzFull interpreted prose translation. Missing 25% of the original content for artistic purposes.
Norwegian1967Albert Lange FlifletNynorsk language translation. Based on an earlier unpublished translation.
Georgian1969[10]M. Macavarian, Š. Tšantladze & G. Dzneladze.
Arabic1970Muhamed Said al-JuneidAbridged translation published in the yearbook of the Kalevala Society.
1991Sahban Ahmad Mroueh
Armenian1972[10]A. Siras. ProosaaAbridged prose translation.
Polish1974Józef Ozga-MichalskiFull translation based on the work of Karol Laszecki.
1998Jerzy LitwiniukFull translation
Komi1980 & 1984[10]Adolf TurkinPartial translation (Väinämöinen's playing and song 10.)
Fulani1983Alpha A. DialloBook was published in Hungary, illustrated with Akseli Gallen-Kallela's artwork.
Tulu1985Amrith SomeshwarUsed Keith Bosley's Wanton Loverboy to aid in the translation of some parts.
Latin1986Tuomo Pekkanen
Vietnamese1986Cao Xuân NghiêpFull prose translation.
1991Hoàng Thái AnhFull prose translation.
1994Búi Viêt Hòa'sFull translation in metrical verse.
Slovak1986[10]Marek Svetlik & Jan Petr Velkoborský.
Hindi1990 & 1997[10]Vishnu Khare
Slovene1991Jelka Ovaska NovakPartial translation.
1997Jelka Ovaska NovakFull translation.
Swahili1992Jan KnappertIllustrated with Tanzanian Robino Ntila's graphics.
Bulgarian1992Nino Nikolov
Greek1992 [10]Maria MartzoukVerse translation of the first 20 poems with prose translation of the rest.
Faroese1993Jóhannes av Skarði
Tamil1994[17]R. Sivalingam (Uthayanan)Full translation. Introduction by Asko Parpola.
Catalan1997Ramon Garriga i Marquès, Pirkko-Merja LounavaaraFull translation in metric verse, directly from Finnish.
1997Encarna Sant-Celoni i VergerAbridged prose translation.
Persian1998Mahmoud Amir Yar Ahmadi and Mercedeh Khadivar MohseniFull translation directly from Finnish.
Macedonian1998Vesna Acevska
Kannada2001Dr K R Sandhya ReddyFull translation from English.
Croatian2001Stjepan A. SzaboPartial translation in narrative form.
2006Slavko PelehFull translation using the German translation partially.
Low German2001[10]Herbert Strehmel.
Oriya2001[10]Mahendra Kumar MishraProse translation.
Udmurt2001[10]Anatoli UvarovSummary.
Veps2003[10]Nina ZaicevaVerse summary.
Portuguese2007Orlando MoreiraFull translation from an English version.
2009José Bizerril and Álvaro FaleirosPartial translation. Only the first song.
2013Ana Soares & Merja de Mattos-ParreiraFull translation from Finnish; in verse; with critical introduction, and hundreds of footnotes.
Meänkieli2007[10]Bengt PohjanenTranslation of a select four songs.
Urdu2012[10]Arshad Farooq
Belarusian2015[18]Yakub Lapatka
Livvi-Karelian 2015 Raisa Remšujeva
Karelian 2015 Zinaida Dubinina

References

  1. 1 2 "National epic "The Kalevala" reaches the respectable age of 175". Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  2. ↑ John Martin Crawford. "Kalevala - The national epic of Finland" Preface to the First edition, (1888).
  3. ↑ "Kalevala: The Epic Poem of Finland". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 Francis Peabody Magoun, Jr. "The Kalevala or Poems of the Kaleva district" Appendix (1963).
  5. ↑ "Finnish Legends for English Children". Retrieved 31 August 2010.
  6. ↑ "Kalevala: The land of heroes - Vol 1". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  7. ↑ "Kalevala: The land of heroes - Vol 2". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  8. ↑ Eino Friberg. "Kalevala - Epic of the Finnish people" Introduction of the first edition, (1989).
  9. ↑ "KALEVALA SZEMELVÉNYEK A FINNEK NAIV EPOSZÁBÓL". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "Kalevalan käännökset ja kääntäjät". Retrieved 23 August 2010.
  11. ↑ "Leonid Petrovic Belsky - Калевала". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  12. ↑ "Eino Kiuru and Armas Hiiri - Калевала". Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Paolo Emilio Pavolini - KALEVALA - Introduzione". Retrieved February 27, 2011.
  14. ↑ "Paolo Emilio Pavolini - KALEVALA". Retrieved February 27, 2011.
  15. ↑ "Sun Yong - Kalevala". Archived from the original on June 5, 2010. Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  16. ↑ Hilmi Ziya Ülken. "Turkish translation of The Kaevala Runos 1 and 2" Yearbook of the Kalevala Society, volume 43 (1963)..
  17. ↑ "R. Sivalingam – KALEVALA". Archived from the original on December 25, 2010. Retrieved August 19, 2010.
  18. ↑ "Калевалу" па-беларуску прэзентуюць 10 снежня
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.