List of Indian National Congress breakaway parties

Since India gained independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) has seen a steady number of splits and breakaway factions. Some of the breakaway organisations have thrived as independent parties, some have become defunct, while others have merged with the parent party or other political parties.

List of breakaway parties

Year	Party	Leader	Region	Status
1923	Swaraj Party	Chittaranjan Das, Motilal Nehru	Bengal Presidency	defunct merged with Indian National Congress
1939	All India Forward Bloc^[1]	Sardul Singh Caveeshar Sheel Bhadra Yagee Subhas Chandra Bose	National	active
1951	Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party^[2]	Jivatram Kripalani	Mysore state Madras State Delhi Vindhya Pradesh	defunct merged with Praja Socialist Party
1951	Hyderabad State Praja Party	Tanguturi Prakasam N. G. Ranga	Hyderabad State	defunct merged with Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party
1951	Saurashtra Khedut Sangh	Narsinhbhai Dadhaniya Ratibhai Ukabhai	Saurashtra State	defunct merged with Swatantra Party
1956	Indian National Democratic Congress^[3]	C. Rajagopalachari	Madras State	defunct merged with Swatantra Party
1959	Swatantra Party^[4]	C. Rajagopalachari N. G. Ranga	Bihar Rajasthan Gujarat Orissa	defunct merged with Bharatiya Kranti Dal in 1974
1964	Kerala Congress^[5]	K. M. George	Kerala	active as the original party has various factions , which have split off from it such as Kerala Congress (M), Kerala Congress (Jacob), Kerala Congress (B), Kerala Congress (Democratic), Kerala Congress (Skaria Thomas), Kerala Congress (Thomas), Kerala Congress (Nationalist)
1966	Orissa Jana Congress	Harekrushna Mahatab	Orissa	defunct merged with Janata Party
1967	Bharatiya Kranti Dal^[6]	Charan Singh	Uttar Pradesh	defunct merged with Janata Party
1967	Bangla Congress	Ajoy Mukherjee	West Bengal	defunct merged with Janata Party
1968	Manipur Peoples Party^[7]	Mohammed Alimuddin	Manipur	active
1969	Indian National Congress (R)	Indira Gandhi	National	active recognized as the INC by the Election Commission (EC) after the 1971 general election. The party was allowed to call itself the Indian National Congress without any suffix and the EC also restored the frozen Congress symbol of two bullocks to it..^[8]
1969	Indian National Congress (Organisation)^[9]	K. Kamaraj Morarji Desai	National	defunct merged with Janata Party
1969	Utkal Congress	Biju Patnaik	Orissa	defunct merged with Janata Party
1969	Telangana Praja Samithi	Marri Chenna Reddy	Andhra Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1977	Congress for Democracy^[10]	Jagjivan Ram	National	defunct merged with Janata party
1978	Indian National Congress (Indira)	Indira Gandhi	National	Recognised by the Election Commission as the INC in 1983
1979	Indian National Congress (Urs)	D. Devaraj Urs	Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Goa	defunct
1980	Congress (A)	A. K. Antony	Kerala	defunct merged with INC
1981	Indian National Congress (Socialist)^[11]	Sharad Pawar	Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Goa	defunct merged with INC
1981	Indian National Congress (Jagjivan)^[11]^[11]	Jagjivan Ram	Bihar	defunct
1984	Indian Congress (Socialist) - Sarat Chandra Sinha^[12]	Sarat Chandra Sinha	Assam	defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1986	Rashtriya Samajwadi Congress	Pranab Mukherjee	West Bengal	defunct merged with INC
1988	Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani^[13]	Sivaji Ganesan	Tamil Nadu	defunct merged with Janata Dal
1990	Haryana Vikas Party	Bansi Lal	Haryana	defunct merged with INC
1994	All India Indira Congress (Tiwari)^[14]	Narayan Dutt Tiwari Arjun Singh K. Natwar Singh	Uttar Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1994	Karnataka Congress Party	Bangarappa	Karnataka	defunct merged with INC
1994	Tamizhaga Rajiv Congress	Vazhapadi Ramamurthy	Tamil Nadu	defunct merged with INC
1996	Karnataka Vikas Party	Bangarappa	Karnataka	defunct merged with INC
1996	Arunachal Congress	Gegong Apang	Arunachal Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1996	Tamil Maanila Congress^[15]	G. K. Moopanar	Tamil Nadu	active left the alliance with INC
1996	Madhya Pradesh Vikas Congress	Madhavrao Scindia	Madhya Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1997	All India Trinamool Congress	Mamata Banerjee	National	active left the alliance with INC
1997	Tamil Nadu Makkal Congress	Vazhapadi Ramamurthy	Tamil Nadu	defunct
1997	Himachal Vikas Congress	Sukh Ram	Himachal Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1997	Manipur State Congress Party^[16]	Wahengbam Nipamacha Singh	Manipur	defunct merged with RJD
1998	Goa Rajiv Congress Party	Francis de Souza	Goa	defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1998	Arunachal Congress (Mithi)	Mukut Mithi	Arunachal Pradesh	defunct merged with INC
1998	All India Indira Congress (Secular)^[17]	Sis Ram Ola	Rajasthan	defunct merged with INC
1998	Maharashtra Vikas Aghadi^[18]	Suresh Kalmadi	Maharashtra	defunct merged with INC
1999	Bharatiya Jan Congress	Jagannath Mishra	Bihar	defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party
1999	Nationalist Congress Party	Sharad Pawar P.A. Sangma Tariq Anwar	Maharashtra Meghalaya Bihar Kerala	active in alliance with INC. In Kerala NCP is a member of the CPIM led Left Democratic Front, opposing INC led UDF
1999	Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party	Mufti Mohammad Sayeed	Jammu and Kashmir	active part of the government in Jammu and Kashmir in alliance with the Bharatiya Janata Party
2000	Goa People's Congress	Francisco Sardinha	Goa	defunct merged with INC
2001	Congress Jananayaka Peravai	P. Chidambaram	Tamil Nadu	defunct merged with INC
2001	Thondar Congress	Kumari Ananthan	Tamil Nadu	defunct merged with INC
2001	Pondicherry Makkal Congress	P. Kannan	Puducherry	defunct
2002	Vidarbha Janata Congress	Jambuwantrao Dhote	Maharashtra	active
2002	Indian National Congress (Sheik Hassan)	Sheik Hassan	Goa	defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party
2002	Gujarat Janata Congress	Chhabildas Mehta	Gujarat	defunct merged with NCP
2003	Congress (Dolo)	Kameng Dolo	Arunachal Pradesh	defunct merged with Bharatiya Janata Party
2003	Nagaland People's Front	Neiphiu Rio	Nagaland	active
2005	Pondicherry Munnetra Congress	P. Kannan	Puducherry	defunct merged with INC
2005	Democratic Indira Congress (Karunakaran)^[19]	K. Karunakaran	Kerala	defunct merged with Nationalist Congress Party and a large number of workers returned to the INC with K. Karunakaran later his son K. Muraleedharan also returned to INC
2007	Haryana Janhit Congress (BL)	Kuldeep Bishnoi	Haryana	merged with INC
2008	Pragatisheel Indira Congress (PIC)	Somendra Nath Mitra	West Bengal	defunct merged with All India Trinamool Congress
2011	YSR Congress Party	Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy	Andhra Pradesh	active
2011	All India N.R Congress	N. Rangaswamy	Puducherry	active
2014	Jai Samaikyandhra Party	Nallari Kiran Kumar Reddy	Andhra pradesh	defunct merged with Indian National Congress
2014	Tamil Maanila Congress	G. K. Vasan	Tamil Nadu	active
2016	Chhattisgarh Janata Congress	Ajit Jogi	Chhattisgarh	active
	All India Rajiv Krantikari Congress	Surendra Pradhan	Uttar Pradesh	status unknown
	Bharatiya Rajiv Congress			status unknown

References

↑ Ghosh, Asok (ed.), A Short History of the All India Forward Bloc. Kolkata: Bengal Lokmat Printers Pvt Ltd., 2001. p. 55
↑ Amit Mukherjee (2004-04-03). "The case of the missing socialists". Times of India. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ Bose, K.; Forward Bloc. Madras: 1988, Tamil Nadu Academy of Political Science. p. 94-95, 119, 175-184, 212
↑ Rajmohan Gandhi. "'Its tone being liberal as well as conservative, Swatantra reached out to moderate Hindus and non-Hindus in ways not available to the Jan Sangh'". Rediff. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ "P. T. Chacko, Pullolil".
↑ Wallace, Paul. India: The Dispersion of Political Power Paul Wallace, in Asian Survey, Vol. 8, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1967: Part II. (Feb., 1968), pp. 87-96.
↑ Ksh Kennedy Singh (2009-01-25). "The MPP and the People of Manipur". Manipuronline.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ Mukharjee, Aditya. "Congress and the Making of the Indian Nation". Academic Foundation, New Delhi. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
↑ Chandra, Bipan & others (2000). India after Independence 1947-2000, New Delhi:Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-027825-7, p.236
↑ G. G. Mirchandani (2003). 320 Million Judges. Abhinav Publications. pp. 90–100. ISBN 81-7017-061-3.
1 2 3 Andersen, Walter K.. India in 1981: Stronger Political Authority and Social Tension, published in Asian Survey, Vol. 22, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1981: Part II (Feb., 1982), pp. 119-135
↑ "Spotlight: Merger with NCP". The Tribune. 1999-06-11. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ Ashok Kumar (2006-04-05). "From MGR to Vijaykant, the film-politics nexus continues". Chennai, India: The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ Bhavdeep Kang (2004-04-03). "A Sleight Of Hand". Outlook India. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ T.S. Subramanian (2001-09-15). "Crusading Congressman". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-25.
↑ Kalyan Chaudhuri (2002-02-02). "A fractured verdict in Manipur". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
↑ "MEMBERS OF XII LOK SABHA". Parliament of India. Retrieved 2009-10-27.
↑ "Pune set for triangular fight". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2004-04-05. Retrieved 2010-11-12.
↑ "Karunakaran's party gets new name". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2005-09-01. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

External links

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[1] Ghosh, Asok (ed.), A Short History of the All India Forward Bloc. Kolkata: Bengal Lokmat Printers Pvt Ltd., 2001. p. 55

[2] Amit Mukherjee (2004-04-03). "The case of the missing socialists". Times of India. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[3] Bose, K.; Forward Bloc. Madras: 1988, Tamil Nadu Academy of Political Science. p. 94-95, 119, 175-184, 212

[4] Rajmohan Gandhi. "'Its tone being liberal as well as conservative, Swatantra reached out to moderate Hindus and non-Hindus in ways not available to the Jan Sangh'". Rediff. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[5] "P. T. Chacko, Pullolil".

[6] Wallace, Paul. India: The Dispersion of Political Power Paul Wallace, in Asian Survey, Vol. 8, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1967: Part II. (Feb., 1968), pp. 87-96.

[7] Ksh Kennedy Singh (2009-01-25). "The MPP and the People of Manipur". Manipuronline.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2008. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[8] Mukharjee, Aditya. "Congress and the Making of the Indian Nation". Academic Foundation, New Delhi. Retrieved 17 May 2014.

[9] Chandra, Bipan & others (2000). India after Independence 1947-2000, New Delhi:Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-027825-7, p.236

[10] G. G. Mirchandani (2003). 320 Million Judges. Abhinav Publications. pp. 90–100. ISBN 81-7017-061-3.

[tension-11] 1 2 3 Andersen, Walter K.. India in 1981: Stronger Political Authority and Social Tension, published in Asian Survey, Vol. 22, No. 2, A Survey of Asia in 1981: Part II (Feb., 1982), pp. 119-135

[12] "Spotlight: Merger with NCP". The Tribune. 1999-06-11. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[13] Ashok Kumar (2006-04-05). "From MGR to Vijaykant, the film-politics nexus continues". Chennai, India: The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[14] Bhavdeep Kang (2004-04-03). "A Sleight Of Hand". Outlook India. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[15] T.S. Subramanian (2001-09-15). "Crusading Congressman". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

[16] Kalyan Chaudhuri (2002-02-02). "A fractured verdict in Manipur". The Hindu. Retrieved 2009-10-27.

[17] "MEMBERS OF XII LOK SABHA". Parliament of India. Retrieved 2009-10-27.

[18] "Pune set for triangular fight". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2004-04-05. Retrieved 2010-11-12.

[19] "Karunakaran's party gets new name". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 2005-09-01. Retrieved 2009-10-25.

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