List of GM engines

Divisions

Until the mid-1970s, most General Motors brands designed and manufactured their own engines with few interchangeable parts between brands.[1] In the mid-1960s, there were 8 separate families of GM V8 engines on sale in the USA.[2]

By the 1970s, GM began to see problems with this approach. For instance, four different North American divisions (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile and Buick) offered four completely different versions of a 350 cu in V8 engine - very few parts would interchange between the four designs despite their visual similarities, resulting in confusion for owners who (quite naturally) assumed that replacement parts would be usable across the board. In addition to these issues and the obvious overlap in production costs, the cost of certifying so many different engines for tightening worldwide emissions regulations threatened to become very costly.

Thus, by the early 1980s, GM had consolidated its powertrain engineering efforts into a few distinct lines. Generally, North American and European (Opel) engineering units remained separate, with Australia's Holden and other global divisions borrowing designs from one or the other as needed. GM also worked out sharing agreements with other manufacturers such as Isuzu and Nissan to fill certain gaps in engineering. Similarly, the company also purchased other automotive firms (including Saab and Daewoo), eventually folding their engine designs into the corporate portfolio as well.

Currently, GM has reorganized the GM Powertrain Division into the GM Global Propulsion Systems, located in Pontiac, Michigan.[3]

GM´s German subsidiary, Adam Opel AG, relies on a range of 3, 4 and 6 cylinder petrol and diesel engines. A survey of their range shows a reliance on petrol and diesel 4´s, though as of 2014 there is only one 3-cylinder engine and one 6 cylinder engine in service in Opel´s passenger car range.

In addition to automobile and truck engines, GM produced industrial engines, which were sold by brands such as Detroit Diesel, Allison, and Electro-Motive. Most of these engine designs were unrelated to GM's automotive engines.

Automotive gasoline engines

Two-cylinder

Three-cylinder

Daewoo M-TEC engine

Four-cylinder

Cadillac four engine
Saab H four engine
GM Family 1 four engine

Five-cylinder

GM Atlas five engine

Six-cylinder

Chevrolet "Stovebolt" six engine
Chevrolet Corvair six engine
Buick V6 engine

Eight-cylinder

From the 1950s through the 1970s, each GM division had its own V8 engine family. Today, there are only two families of V8 engines in production for road vehicles: the Generation IV small-block and its Generation V small-block derivative.

Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine
GM LS V8 engine
Pontiac Silver Streak eight engine

Twelve-cylinder

Cadillac Twelve engine

Sixteen-cylinder

Gasoline-electric hybrid

Automotive diesel engines

Four-cylinder

  • 1970-1977 2.1 liter Opel engine
  • 1975-1981 2.0 liter Opel engine
  • 1982-1988 Family II 1.6 liter (16DA/16D) Opel engine
  • 1982-1993 2.3 liter (23YD/23YDT/23DTR) Opel engine [15]
  • 1982-2000 Isuzu E engine 1.5 and 1.7 liter engine marketed as D or TD for Opel/Isuzu cars
  • 1990–2014 Isuzu Circle L (marketed as Ecotec DTI, DI or CDTI; acquired via GMs 2003 takeover of DMAX)
  • 1996–2005 2.0 and 2.2 liter SOHC 16V (X20DTL/X20DTH/Y20DTL/Y20DTH/X22DTL/X22DTH/Y22DTL/Y22DTH/Y22DTR) Opel engine marketed as Ecotec DTI, Ecotec DI
  • 2003–present 1.3 Multijet engine (marketed as Ecotec CDTI or Ecotec depending on brand; used via a sharing agreement between Fiat and Opel)
  • 2003-2010 VM Motori RA 420 (marketed as Ecotec 2.0 CDTI or 2.0 VCDi depending on brand)
  • 2004–2009 1.9 JTD engine (marketed as Ecotec 1.9 CDTI or 1.9 TiD/TTiD depending on brand; used via a sharing agreement between Fiat and Opel)
  • 2008–present GM Family B marketed as 2.0 CDTI
  • 2011–present Family Z marketed as 2.0, 2.2 VCDi and 2.2 CDTI
  • 2012–present 2.5 and 2.8 liter inline 4 Duramax Diesels[16]
  • 2013–present GM Medium Diesel engine marketed as 1.6 CDTI Ecotec[17]
  • 2014–present GM Large Diesel engine marketed as 2.0 CDTI Ecotec[18]

Six-cylinder

  • 1980s-present Detroit Diesel 60 inline-6
  • 1982-1985 Oldsmobile V6 Diesel 4.3L in FWD and RWD versions (This is the lesser known counterpart to the infamous Oldsmobile 350 diesel.)
  • 1994-2003 2.5 liter (Opel marked X25DT, U25DT, Y25DT) inline-6 BMW diesel engine (BMW marked as M51 engine)
  • 2002–present DMAX V6 (acquired via GMs 2003 takeover of DMAX)
  • 2019-present Chevrolet Silverado 3.0 Inline 6

Eight-cylinder

Locomotive, marine, stationary. heavy vehicle, and off road diesels

Detroit Diesel Series 92 engines

GM entered the diesel field with its acquisition of the Winton Engine Company in 1930. Winton was based in Cleveland, Ohio. The main customer of Winton was the Electro Motive Company, a producer of internal combustion-electric rail motorcars. GM acquired Electro Motive at roughly the same time as Winton. A partnership of GM's Research and Development Division and their Winton Engine Corporation delivered their first diesel engines suitable for mobile use starting in 1934. The engines were also sold for marine and stationary applications. In a 1938 reorganization, Winton Engine Corporation became the GM Cleveland Diesel Engine Division and GM's Detroit Diesel Engine Division began production of smaller (50 through 149 cubic inches per cylinder) diesel engines. Locomotive engines were moved under the GM Electro Motive Division (EMD) in 1941, while Cleveland Diesel retained development and production of large marine and stationary engines. Cleveland Diesel was dissolved in 1962 and their remaining production moved under EMD. In 1988 the Detroit Diesel Engine Division was incorporated as an independent company, later acquired by DaimlerChrysler in 2005. EMD was sold off by GM in 2005 and is now a subsidiary of Progress Rail Services.

Locomotive engines

  • 1934-1938 Winton 201-A (multi-purpose engine) produced by GM's Winton Engine Corporation
  • 1938-1966 EMD 567
  • 1965-1988 EMD 645
  • 1984–present EMD 710
  • 1998–present EMD 265

Marine/stationary diesel engines

  • 1934-1938 Winton 201-A (multi-purpose engine) produced by GM's Winton Engine Corporation
  • 248 (8, 12, 16 Cylinder)
  • 258 (12 Cylinder - 4 stroke, direct reversing)
  • 258S (16 Cylinder - 4 stroke, turbocharged, direct reversing)
  • 268 (3, 4, 6, 8 Cylinder)
  • 268A (3, 4, 6, 8 Cylinder)
  • 268A NM (8 Cylinder)
  • 278 (6, 8, 12, 16 Cylinder)
  • 278A (6, 8, 12, 16 Cylinder)
  • 278A NM (8, 12 Cylinder)
  • 241 (6 cylinder - 4 stroke)
  • 288 (12 Cylinder - direct reversing)
  • 338 (16 Cylinder - vertical radial)
  • 498 (8, 12, 16 Cylinder)
  • 498 NM (8 Cylinder)
  • 358H (16 Cylinder - Horizontal radial)

Heavy vehicle and off road diesel engines

Aircraft engines

Piston

Propfan

  • Allison 578-DX

Turboprop

Turboshaft

Turbojet


See also

References

  1. ↑ "Olds FAQ - Engines". 442.com. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  2. ↑ "Class of 1965: When GM Had Eight V8 Engine Families". The Truth About Cars. 2010-12-18. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  3. ↑ GM Global Propulsion Systems
  4. ↑ e (2007-06-05). "HowStuffWorks "How Buick Works"". Auto.howstuffworks.com. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  5. ↑ "Pontiac Buggy Company | Pontiac Spring & Wagon Works | Oakland Motor Car | Pontiac |". My1955.com. 1941-03-01. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  6. 1 2 Archived August 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
  7. ↑ "1906, Buick Goes Four-Cylinder - Generations of GM". History.gmheritagecenter.com. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  8. ↑ "1922 Buick 22-35 specifications, information, data, photos 44759". Carfolio.com. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  9. ↑ "1909 Oakland Model 40". Conceptcarz.com. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  10. ↑ "customs-n-classics.dk". customs-n-classics.dk. Archived from the original on 2013-05-29. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
  11. ↑ http://media.gm.com/media/de/de/opel/company_opel/Werke/Kaiserslautern.html. Retrieved 23 May 2014. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ "Holden stops Family II engine Production". ZerCustoms. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  13. ↑ . http://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/GM_do_Brasil_Milestones:_1980_-_1989. Missing or empty |title= (help); External link in |publisher= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  14. ↑ "Werk Aspern Plant. Facts and Figures". Retrieved 18 July 2014.
  15. ↑ "1988 Opel Omega A 2.3 TD Specs". media.opel.de. 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  16. ↑ "New Diesels Power Chevy's Global Midsize Trucks". media.opel.de. 2011-10-15. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  17. ↑ "New 1.6-liter diesel engine continues powertrain renewal at Opel". media.opel.de. 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2014-02-05.
  18. ↑ "All-new Opel 2.0 CDTI: New Generation Large Diesel Debuts in Paris". media.opel.de. 2014-09-10. Retrieved 2014-12-14.

Coordinates: 42°39′45″N 83°17′08″W / 42.6623635°N 83.2856193°W / 42.6623635; -83.2856193

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.