List of 20th-century religious leaders

Roman Catholicism

• Roman Catholic Church (complete list) –
  • Leo XIII, Pope (1878–1903)
  • Pius X, Pope (1903–1914)
  • Benedict XV, Pope (1914–1922)
  • Pius XI, Pope (1922–1939)
  • Pius XII, Pope (1939–1958)
  • John XXIII, Pope (1958–1963)
  • Paul VI, Pope (1963–1978)
  • John Paul I, Pope (1978)
  • John Paul II, Pope (1978–2005)

Old Catholicism

• Church of Utrecht –
  • Gerardus Gul, Archbishop of Utrecht (1892–1920)
  • Franciscus Kenninck, Archbishop of Utrecht (1920–1937)
  • Andreas Rinkel, Archbishop of Utrecht (1937–1970)
  • Marinus Kok, Archbishop of Utrecht (1970–1981)
  • Antonius Jan Glazemaker, Archbishop of Utrecht (1982–2000)
  • Joris A.O.L. Vercammen, Archbishop of Utrecht (2000–present)
• Old Catholic Church of America –
  • Paul Francis Cope May, Archbishop (1925–1953)
  • Francis Xavier Resch, Archbishop (1953–1963)
  • Walter Xavier Brown, Archbishop (1963–1997)
  • James Edward Bostwick, Archbishop (1997–2009)
• North American Old Roman Catholic Church –
  • Rudolph de Landas Berghes, Bishop (1914–1919)
  • Carmel Henry Carfora, Archbishop (1919–1958)
  • Cyrus Augustine Starkey, Archbishop (1958–?)
  • Richard Arthur Marchenna, Archbishop (1958–1962)
  • Cyrus Augustine Starkey, Archbishop (1962–1965)
  • John Emil Schweikert, Archbishop (1965–1988)
  • Theodore Joseph Rematt, Archbishop (1988–present)
• Old Roman Catholic Church in North America –
  • Robert Alfred Burns, Archbishop (1963–1974)
  • Andrew Gordon Johnston-Cantrell, Archbishop (1974–1975)
  • Francis Peter Facione, Archbishop (1975–present)
• North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese of California –
  • Edgar Ramon Verostek, Archbishop (1940–1985)
  • Joseph Andrew Vellone, Archbishop (1985–present)
• North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese of New York –
  • Hubert Augustus Rogers, Archbishop (1946–1972)
  • James H. Rogers, Archbishop (1999–present)
• Old Catholic Church of Canada –
  • Richard Arthur Marchenna, Presiding bishop (1960–1962)
  • Robert Ritchie, Presiding bishop (1962–1988)
  • David Charles Thomson, Presiding bishop (1988–2001)
• Polish Catholic Church, (called the Polish National Catholic Church until 1951) –
  • Franciszek Hodur, founder and first bishop (1907–1953)
  • Bishop College (1951–1957)
  • Julian Pękala, Bishop (1957–1959)
  • Maksymilian Rode, Bishop (1959–1965)
  • Julian Pękala, Bishop (1965–1975)
  • Tadeusz Majewski, Bishop (1975–1994)
  • Wiktor Wysoczański, Bishop Superior (1995–present)
• Polish National Catholic Church of America –
  • Francis Hodur, Prime Bishop (1904–1953)
  • Leon Grochowski, Prime Bishop (1953–1969)
  • Thaddeus F. Zielinski, Prime Bishop (1969–1978)
  • Francis Rowinski, Prime Bishop (1978–1985)
  • John F. Swantek, Prime Bishop (1985–2002)
• Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church –
  • Carlos Duarte Costa, Patriarch (1945–1961)
  • Luis Fernando Castillo Mendez, Patriarch (1961–2009)
• Old Catholic Church of the Mariavites –
  • Johann Michael Kowalski, Minister-General (1907–1935)
  • Klemens Maria Filip Feldman, Bishop-Primate (1935–1945)
  • Roman Maria Jakub Prochniewski, Bishop-Primate (1945–1953)
  • Waclaw Maria Bartlomiej Przysiecki, Bishop-Primate (1953–1957)
  • Jan Maria Michel Sitek, Bishop-Primate (1957–1965)
  • Waclaw Maria Innocenty Golebiowski, Bishop-Primate (1965–1972)
  • Stanislaw Maria Tymoteusz Kowalski, Bishop-Primate (1972–1997)
  • Wlodzimierz Jaworski, Bishop-Primate (1997–2007)
• Philippine Independent Church (Aglipayan Church) –
  • Gregorio Aglipay y Labayan, Supreme Bishop (1902–1940)
  • Santiago Fonacier, Supreme Bishop (1940–1946)
  • Gerardo Bayaca, Supreme Bishop (1946–1946)
  • Isabelo de los Reyes, Jr., Supreme Bishop (1946–1971)
  • Macario V. Ga, Supreme Bishop (1971–1981)
  • Abdias de la Cruz, Supreme Bishop (1981–1987)
  • Soliman Ganno, Supreme Bishop (1987–1989)
  • Tito Pasco, Supreme Bishop (1989–1993)
  • Alberto B. Ramento, Supreme Bishop (1993–1999)
  • Tomas A. Millamena, Supreme Bishop (1999–2005)

Autocephalous Churches

• Church of Constantinople – (complete list), the first among equals in Eastern Orthodoxy
  • Constantine V, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1897–1901)
  • Joachim III, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1901–1912)
  • Germanus V, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1913–1918)
  • Meletius IV, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1921–1923)
  • Gregory VII, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1923–1924)
  • Constantine VI, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1924–1925)
  • Basil III, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1925–1929)
  • Photius II, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1929–1935)
  • Benjamin I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1936–1946)
  • Maximus V, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1946–1948)
  • Athenagoras I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1948–1972)
  • Demetrius I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1972–1991)
  • Bartholomew I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1991–present)
• Albanian Orthodox Church –
  • Visarion (Xhuvani), Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1929–1937)
  • Kristofor (Kisi), Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1937–1948)
  • Pais (Vodica), Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1948–1952)
  • Damian (Kokoneshi), Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1952–1967)
  • vacant (1968–1991)
  • Anastasios (Yannoulatos), Archbishop of Tirana and All Albania (1992–present)
• Church of Alexandria (complete list) –
  • Photius, Patriarch of Alexandria (1900–1925)
  • Meletius II, Patriarch of Alexandria (1926–1935)
  • Nicholas V, Patriarch of Alexandria (1936–1939)
  • Christopher II, Patriarch of Alexandria (1939–1966)
  • vacant (1966–1968)
  • Nicholas VI, Patriarch of Alexandria (1968–1986)
  • Parthenius III, Patriarch of Alexandria (1987–1996)
  • Peter VII, Patriarch of Alexandria (1997–2004)
• Church of Antioch (complete list) –
  • Meletius II (Doumani), Patriarchs of Antioch (1899–1906)
  • Gregory IV (Haddad), Patriarch of Antioch (1906–1928)
  • Alexander III (Tahan), Patriarch of Antioch (1928–1958)
    • Arsenius II (Haddad), Patriarch of Antioch (schism, 1930–1931)
  • Theodosius VI (Abourjaily), Patriarch of Antioch (1958–1970)
  • Elias IV (Muawad), Patriarch of Antioch (1970–1979)
  • Ignatius IV (Hazim), Patriarch of Antioch (1979–2012)
• Bulgarian Orthodox Church (complete list) –
  • Joseph I of Bulgaria, Exarch, (1877–1915)
  • Parteniy of Sofia, Metropolitan (1915–1918)
  • Vasiliy of Dorostol-Cherven, Metropolitan (1918–1921)
  • Maxim of Plovdiv, Metropolitan (1921–1928)
  • Kliment of Vratsa, Metropolitan (1928–1930)
  • Neofit (Karaabov) of Vidin, Metropolitan (1930–1944)
  • Stefan (Shokov) of Bulgaria, Metropolitan (1944–1945)
  • Stefan I of Bulgaria, Exarch (1945–1948)
  • Mihail of Dorostol, Metropolitan (1948–1949)
  • Paisiy of Vratsa, Metropolitan (1949–1951)
  • Cyril of Bulgaria, Metropolitan (1951–1953)
  • Cyril of Bulgaria, Patriarch of All Bulgaria (1953–1971)
  • Maxim (Minkov) of Bulgaria, Patriarch of All Bulgaria (1971–2012)
• Cypriot Orthodox Church (complete list) –
  • Sophronios III, ArchbArchbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru ishop (1865–1909)
  • Kyrillos II, Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1909–1916)
  • Kyrillos III, Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1916–1947)
  • Leontios, Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cypru (1947)
  • Makarios II, Archbishop (1947–1950)
  • Makarios III, Archbishop (1950–1977)
  • Chrysostomos I of Cyprus, Archbishop of Nea Justiniana and All Cyprus (1977–2006)
• Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church –
  • Gorazd (Pavlik) of Prague, Archbishop of Prague (1921–1942)
  • Jelevferij, Exarch of the Patriarchate of Moscow in Czechoslovakia (1946–1951) Metropolitan of All Czechoslovakia (1951–1955)
  • John (Kukhtin), Metropolitan of Prague and All Czechoslovakia (1956–1959)
  • Eleutherius (Vorontsov), Metropolitan of Prague and All Czechoslovakia (1959–1964)
  • Dorotheus (Filip) of Prague, Metropolitan of the Czech Lands and Slovakia (1964–1999)
  • Nicholas (Kocvár) of Prešov, Metropolitan of the Czech Lands and Slovakia (2000–2006)
• Georgian Orthodox Church –
  • Flavian (Gorodetsky), Exarch of Georgia (1898–1901)
  • Aleksey (Opotsky), Exarch of Georgia (1901–1905)
  • Nicholas (Nalimov), Exarch of Georgia (1905–1906)
  • Nikon (Sofiysky), Exarch of Georgia (1906–1908)
  • Innocent (Beliaev), Exarch of Georgia (1909–1913)
  • Aleksey (Molchanov), Exarch of Georgia (1913–1914)
  • Pitirim (Oknov), Exarch of Georgia (1914–1915)
  • Platon (Rozhdestvensky), Exarch of Georgia (1915–1917)
  • Kyrion II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1917–1918)
  • Leonid, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1918–1921)
  • Ambrose, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1921–1927)
  • Christophorus III, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1927–1932)
  • Callistratus, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1932–1952)
  • Melchizedek III, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1952–1960)
  • Ephraim II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1960–1972)
  • David V, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1972–1977)
  • Ilia II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia (1977–present)
• Church of Greece (complete list) –
  • Procopius II, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1896–1901)
  • Theocletus I, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1902–1917 (1st))
  • Meletius III, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1918–1920)
  • Theocletus I, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1920–1922 (2nd))
  • Chrysostom I, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1923–1938)
  • Chrysanthus of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1938–1941)
  • Damaskinos, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1941–1949)
  • Spyridon of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1949–1956)
  • Dorotheus of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1956–1957)
  • Theocletus II, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1957–1962)
  • Iakovos III, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1962)
  • Chrysostom II, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1962–1967)
  • Ieronymos I, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1967–1973)
  • Seraphim of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1973–1998)
  • Christodoulos of Athens, Archbishop of Athens and All Greece (1998–2008)
• Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem –
  • Damian I, Patriarch of the Holy City of Jerusalem and All Palestine (1897–1931)
  • Timothy I, Patriarch of the Holy City of Jerusalem and All Palestine (1935–1955)
  • Benedict I of Jerusalem, Patriarch of the Holy City of Jerusalem and All Palestine (1957–1980)
  • Diodoros (Karivalis), Patriarch of the Holy City of Jerusalem and All Palestine (1981–2000)
  • Kornilios of Petra, Locum Tenens of the Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem (2000–2001)
• Orthodox Church in America, North America (complete list) –
  • Tikhon (Bellavin), Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska (1898–1900)
  • Tikhon (Bellavin), Archbishop (until 1905 - bishop) of the Aleutians and North America (1900 – 1907)
  • Platon (Rozhdestvensky), Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America (1907–1914)
  • Platon (Rozhdestvensky), Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1922–1934)
  • Evdokim (Meschersky), Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America (1914–1918)
  • Alexander (Nemolovsky), Archbishop of the Aleutians and North America (1919–1922)
  • Theophilus (Pashkovsky), Archbishop of San Francisco, Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1934–1950)
  • Leontius (Turkevich), Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1950–1965)
  • Irenaeus (Bekish), Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1965–1977)
  • Theodosius (Lazor), Archbishop of New York, Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1977–1980), Archbishop of Washington, Metropolitan of All America and Canada (1981–2002)
• Polish Orthodox Church
  • George (Jaroszewski), Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1921–1923)
  • Dionysius (Waledynski), Metropolitan of Warsaw (1923–1947, recognized by Constantinople until 1960)
  • Tymoteusz (Szretter) of Bialystok-Gdansk (acting), Metropolitan of Warsaw (1947–1951, recognized by Moscow)
  • Makarius (Oksaniuk), Metropolitan of Warsaw (1951–1959, recognized by Moscow)
  • Tymoteusz (Szretter) of Bialystok-Gdansk (acting), Metropolitan of Warsaw (1959–1962, recognized by Moscow, by Constantinople from 1961)
  • Jerzy (Korenostow) of Lódz-Poznan (acting), Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1962–1965)
  • Stefan of Poland, Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1965–1969)
  • Jerzy (Korenostow) of Lódz-Poznan (acting), Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1969–1970)
  • Basil (Doroszkiewicz), Metropolitan of Warsaw and all Poland (1970–1998)
  • Sabbas (Hrycuniak), Metropolitan of Warsaw and All Poland (1998–present)
• Romanian Orthodox Church
  • Iosif, Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia and Primate of All Romania (1886–1893, 1896–1909)
  • Atanasie, Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia and Primate of All Romania (1909–1911)
  • Conon, Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia and Primate of All Romania (1912–1919)
  • Miron Cristea, Metropolitan of Hungaro-Walachia and Primate of All Romania (1919–1925)
  • Miron Cristea, Patriarch of All Romania (1925–1939)
  • Nicodim Munteanu, Patriarch of All Romania (1939–1948)
  • Iustinian Marina, Patriarch of All Romania (1948–1977)
  • Iustin Moisescu, Patriarch of All Romania (1977–1986)
  • Teoctist Arăpaşu, Patriarch of All Romania (1986–2007)
• Russian Orthodox Church (complete list) –
  • Vladimir, Metropolitan of Moscow (1898–1912)
  • Macarius II, Metropolitan of Moscow (1912–1917)
  • Tikhon of Moscow, Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia (1917–1925)
  • Peter of Krutitsy, Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1925–1936)
  • Sergius (Stragorodsky), acting Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1925–1926)
  • Seraphim (Samoylovich), acting Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1926)
  • Sergius (Stragorodsky) acting Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1926–1936), Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1936–1943), Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (1943–1944)
  • Alexius I, acting (1944–1945), Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (1945–1970)
  • Pimen I, acting (1970–1971), Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia 1971–1990)
  • Philaret (Denisenko) of Kiev, Patriarcal Locum Tenens (1990)
  • Alexy II of Russia, Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (1990–2008)

Autonomous Churches

• Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia –
  • Anthony (Khrapovitsky), Metropolitan (1921–1936)
  • Anastassy (Gribanovsky), Metropolitan (1936–1964)
  • Philaret (Voznesensky), Metropolitan (1964–1985)
  • Vitaly (Ustinov), Metropolitan (1986–2001)
• Serbian Orthodox Church –
  • Georgije II Branković, Archbishop of Karlovci and Patriarch of Serbs (1888–1907)
  • Lukijan Bogdanović, Archbishop of Karlovci and Patriarch of Serbs (1908–1913)
  • Mihailo Grujic, Karlovci and Patriarch of Serbs (1913–1914)
  • Miron Nikolić, Archbishop of Karlovci and Patriarch of Serbs (1914–1918)
  • Georgije III Letić, Archbishop of Karlovci and Patriarch of Serbs (1919–1920)
  • Dimitrije, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1920–1930)
  • Varnava, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1930–1937)
  • Gavrilo V, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1938–1950)
  • Vikentije II, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1950–1958)
  • German, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1958–1990)
  • Pavle, Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch (1990–2009)
• Orthodox Church of Mount Sinai –
  • Porphyrios I, Archbishop of Sinai (1885–1904)
  • Porphyrios II, Archbishop of Sinai (1904–1926)
  • Porphyrios III, Archbishop of Sinai (1926–1968)
  • Grigorios II, Archbishop of Sinai (1969–1973)
  • Damianos, Archbishop of Sinai (1973–present)
• Montenegrin Orthodox Church –
  • Mitrofan Ban, Metropolitan (1884–1920)
• Orthodox Church of Finland – (complete list)
  • Nicholas (Nalimov), Archbishop of Vyborg and All Finland (1899–1905)
  • Sergius (Stragorodsky) Archbishop of Vyborg and All Finland (1905–1917)
  • Seraphim (Lukyanov) Archbishop of Vyborg and All Finland (1921–1923)
  • Herman (Aav) Archbishop of Karelia and All Finland (1925–1960)
  • Paul (Olmari), Archbishop of Karelia and All Finland (1960–1987)
  • John Rinne, Archbishop of Karelia and All Finland (1987–2001)
• Orthodox Church of Estonia –
  • Aleksander, Archbishop of Tallinn and All Estonia (1920–1923)
  • Aleksander, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1923–1953)
  • 0, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1944–0)
  • Athinagoras I of Thyatira and, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1953–1962)
  • Athinagoras II of Thyatira and, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1963–1978)
  • John of Finland, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1996–1999)
  • Stephanos, Metropolitan of Tallinn and All Estonia (1999–present)
• Orthodox Church of Latvia –
  • John (Pommer), Archbishop of Riga and All Latvia (1921–1934)
  • vacant, Archbishop of Riga and All Latvia (1934–1936)
  • Augustine (Peterson), Metropolitan of Riga and All Latvia (1936–1955)
  • Alexander (Kudrjašovs), Metropolitan of Riga and All Latvia (1990–present)
• Orthodox Church of Japan
  • Nicholas (Kasatkin), titular Bishop of Riga (1880–1906)
  • Nicholas (Kasatkin), Archbishop of All Japan (1906–1912)
  • Sergius (Tikhomirov), Metropolitan of All Japan (1912–1945)
  • Nicholas (Ono), bishop of Tokyo (1945–1946)
  • Benjamin (Basalyga), Metropolitan of All Japan (1946–1952)
  • Ireneus (Bekish), Metropolitan of All Japan (1952–1962)
  • Vladimir (Nagosky), Metropolitan of All Japan (1962–1972)
  • Theodosius (Nagashima), Metropolitan of All Japan (1972–1999)
  • Peter (Arihara), elected Metropolitan of All Japan (2000)
  • Daniel (Nushiro), Metropolitan of All Japan (2000–present)
• Orthodox Church of China –
  • Basil (Shuan), Bishop of Peking and All China (1957–1962)
  • Simeon (Du), Bishop of Shanghai (1962–1965)
  • vacant, Bishop of Peking and All China (1965–present)
• Macedonian Orthodox Church – Ohrid Archbishopric
  • Firmilianos, Metropolitan of Skopje (1899–1903)
  • Sevastianos, Metropolitan of Skopje (1904–1905)
  • Vikentios, Metropolitan of Skopje (1905–1915)
  • Varnava Rosić, Metropolitan of Skopje (1920–1930)
  • Josif Cvijovic, Metropolitan of Skopje (1932–1957)
  • Dositej II Stojkovski, Archbishop of Ohrid and Macedonia and Metropolitan of Skopje (1958–1967) went schism
• Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of Australia
  • Christophoros, Metropolitan of Australia (1924–1926)
  • Ioakim, Metropolitan of Australia (1926–1926)
  • Christophoros, Metropolitan of Australia (1926–1928)
  • Theophylactos Papathanasopoulos, Metropolitan of Australia (1928–1931)
  • Timotheos, Metropolitan of Australia (1931–1947)
  • Theophylaktos, Metropolitan of Australia (1947–1958)
  • Athenagoras I of Thyatira and, Metropolitan of Australia (1958–1959)

Ukrainian Orthodoxy

• Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate, schismatic –

  Mstyslav, Patriarch of Kiev (1992–1993)

  Volodymyr, Patriarch of Kiev (1993–1995)

  Filaret, Patriarch of Kiev (1995–present)

• Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate), not canonically recognised –
  • Feognost II, Metropolitan of Kiev (1900–1903)
  • Flavian, Metropolitan of Kiev (1903–1915)
  • Vladimir I, Metropolitan of Kiev (1915–1918)
  • Antoniy II, Metropolitan of Kiev (1918–1936)
  • Nazary of Cherkass, Metropolitan of Kiev (1919–1921)
  • Michael of Grodno and Brest, Metropolitan of Kiev (1921–1924)
  • Michael III, Metropolitan of Kiev (1924–1929)
  • Dmitriy, Metropolitan of Kiev (1930–1932)
  • Sergiy, Metropolitan of Kiev (1932–1934)
  • Konstantin III, Metropolitan of Kiev (1934–1937)
  • Nikolai II, Metropolitan of Kiev (1941–1944)
  • Ioann V, Metropolitan of Kiev (1944–1964)
  • Ioasaf II, Metropolitan of Kiev (1964–1966)
  • Filaret II, Metropolitan of Kiev (1966–1992)
  • Volodymyr Sabodan, Metropolitan of Kiev (1992–present)
• Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, not canonically recognised –
  • Oleksii Hromadskyi, (1941–1943)
  • Pantelejmon Rudyk, (1943–1944)
  • Mstyslav, Patriarch (?–1993)
• Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church Canonical [sic], not canonically recognised –
  • Moses (Kulik), Metropolitan of Kiev (?–present)

Schismatic churches

• Croatian Orthodox Church
  • Germogen (Maximov), Metropolitan (1942–1945)
• Macedonian Orthodox Church
  • Dositej II, Archbishop of Ohrid (1967–1981)
  • Angelarij, Archbishop of Ohrid (1981–1986)
  • Gavril II, Archbishop of Ohrid (1986–1993)
  • Timotej of Australia, Archbishop of Ohrid (1993–1993)
  • Mihail of Povardarie, administrator
  • Mihail, (1993–1999)
  • Stefan (1999–present)
• Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church –
  • Melchizedek, Metropolitan of Minsk and All Belorussia (1922–1931)
  • Vacant?, Metropolitan of Minsk and All Belorussia (1931–1942)
  • Panteleimon, Metropolitan of Minsk and All Belorussia (1942–1946)
• Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church –
  • Mstyslav, Patriarch (1990–1993)
  • Dimitri, Patriarch (1993–2000)
  • Igor, Patriarch (2000)
  • Mefody (acting), Patriarch (2000–present)
• Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Kyivan Patriarchate –
  • Volodymyr, Patriarch (1993–1995)
  • Filaret, Patriarch (1995–present)
• Old Calendar Church of Romania –
  • Galaction, Metropolitan (1955–1956)
  • Glicherie, Metropolitan (1956–1985)
  • Sylvester, Metropolitan (1985–1992)
  • Vlasie, Metropolitan (1992–present)
• Old Believers –
  • Iov (in opposition), Archbishop of Moscow (1871–1912)
  • Savvaty, Archbishop of Moscow (1881–1898)
  • Ioann, Archbishop of Moscow (1898–1915)
  • Melety, Archbishop of Moscow (1915–1934)
  • Vikenty of Kazan, Archbishop of Moscow (1934–1938)
  • vacant, Archbishop of Moscow (1938–1940)
  • Irinarch, Archbishop of Moscow (1940–1952)
  • Flavian, Archbishop of Moscow (1952–1960)
  • Iosif, Archbishop of Moscow (1961–1970)
  • Nikodim, Archbishop of Moscow (1970–1986)
  • Alimpy, Archbishop of Moscow (1986–1988)
  • Alimpy, Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia (1988–2003)
• Novozybkov hierarchy –
  • Nikola, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1923–1934)
  • Stefan, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1934–1937)
  • Mikhail, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1938–1944)
  • Ioann, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1944–1956)
  • Epifany, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1956–1965)
  • Ieyermiya, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1965–1969)
  • Pavel, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1969–1977)
  • Varsonofi, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1977–1979)
  • Gennady, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1979–1996)
  • Aristarkh, Archbishop of Novozybkov, Moscow and All Russia (1996–2000)
  • Aleksandr, titled Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia (2000–2002)

Baptist

International

• Baptist World Alliance –
  • John Clifford, President (1905–1911)
  • Robert Stuart MacArthur, President (1911–1923)
  • Edgar Young Mullins, President (1923–1928)
  • John MacNeill, President (1928–1934)
  • George Washington Truett, President (1934–1939)
  • James Henry Rushbrooke, President (1939–1947)
  • Charles Oscar Johnson, President (1947–1950)
  • Fred Townley Lord, President (1950–1955)
  • Theodore Floyd Adams, President (1955–1960)
  • Joao Filson Soren, President (1960–1965)
  • William R. Tolbert, Jr., President (1965–1970)
  • Carney Hargroves, President (1970–1975)
  • David Wong, President (1975–1980)
  • Duke Kimbrough McCall, President (1980–1985)
  • Noel Vose, President (1985–1990)
  • Knud Wumpleman, President (1990–1995)
  • Nilson Do Amaral Fanini, President (1995–2000)

• Billy Kim, President (2000–2005)

North America

• Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty –

• J. Brent Walker - Executive Director (1999–present)

• Cooperative Baptist Fellowship –

• Daniel Vestal, Coordinator (1996–present)

• Full Gospel Baptist Church Fellowship –

• Paul S. Morton, International Presiding Bishop (1994–present)

• National Baptist Convention, USA, Inc. –

• Elias Camp Morris, President (1895–1922)
• L. K. Williams, President (1924–1940)
• David V. Jemison, President (1940–1953)
• Joseph H. Jackson, President (1954–1982)
• T. J. Jemison, President (1983–1994)
• Henry Lyons, President (1994–1999)
• Stewart Cleveland Cureton, President (1999)
• William J. Shaw, President (1999–2009)

• Southern Baptist Convention (complete list) –
  • W. A. Criswell, President (1968–1970)
  • Jimmy Allen, President (1977–1979)
  • Adrian Rogers, President (1st time, 1979–1980)
  • Bailey Smith, President (1980–1982)
  • James T. Draper, Jr., President (1982–1984)
  • Charles F. Stanley, President (1984–1986)
  • Adrian Rogers, President (2nd time, 1986–1988)
  • Jerry Vines, President (1988–1990)
  • Morris Chapman, President (1990–1992)
  • H. Edwin Young, President (1992–1994)
  • Jim Henry, President (1994–1996)
  • Tom Elliff, President (1996–1998)
  • Paige Patterson, President (1998–2000)
  • James Merritt, President (2000–2002)

Holiness

• Bible Missionary Church –
  • Rodger Moyer, General Moderator (1987–present)
  • Alvie Jarratt, General Moderator (1999–present)
• Christian and Missionary Alliance (U.S.) –
  • Albert Benjamin Simpson, Founder and President (1887–c.1919)
  • Paul Rader, President (1919–c.1920)
  • Frederick Senft, President (c.1920)
  • Harry M. Shuman, President (c.1920–c.1946)
  • Louis L. King, President (until c.1987)
  • David Rambo, President (c.1987–2005)
• Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. –
  • Senior Bishop
    • Charles Price Jones, Senior Bishop, (1907–1949)
    • Major Rudd Conic, Senior Bishop, (1949–1992)
    • Maurice D. Bingham, Senior Bishop, (1996–2004)
  • President
    • Charles Price Jones, President, (1907–1949)
    • Major Rudd Conic, President, (1949–1992)
• Church of the Nazarene –
  • Phineas F. Bresee, General Superintendent (1907–1915)
  • Hiram F. Reynolds, General Superintendent (1907–1932)
  • Edgar Ellyson, General Superintendent (1908–1911)
  • Edward F. Walker, General Superintendent (1911–1918)
  • William C. Wilson, General Superintendent (1915)
  • John W. Goodwin, General Superintendent (1916–1940)
  • Roy T. Williams, General Superintendent (1916–1946)
  • J. B. Chapman, General Superintendent (1928–1947)
  • Joseph G. Morrison, General Superintendent (1936–1939)
  • Howard Miller, General Superintendent (1940–1948)
  • Orval J. Nease, General Superintendent (1940–1944, 1948–1950)
  • Hardy Powers, General Superintendent (1944–1968)
  • Gideon B. Williamson, General Superintendent (1946–1968)
  • Samuel Young, General Superintendent (1948–1972)
  • Daniel Vanderpool, General Superintendent (1949–1964)
  • Hugh C. Benner, General Superintendent (1952–1968)
  • V. H. Lewis, General Superintendent (1960–1985)
  • George Coulter, General Superintendent (1960–1985)
  • Edward Lawlor, General Superintendent (1968–1976)
  • Eugene Stowe, General Superintendent (1968–1993)
  • Orville Jenkins, General Superintendent (1968–1985)
  • Charles H. Strickland, General Superintendent (1972–1988)
  • William M. Greathouse, General Superintendent (1976–1989)
  • Jerald Johnson, General Superintendent (1980–1997)
  • Raymond Hurn, General Superintendent (1985–1993)
  • John A. Knight, General Superintendent (1985–2001)
  • Donald Owens, General Superintendent (1989–1997)
  • William J. Prince, General Superintendent (1989–2001)
  • James Diehl, General Superintendent (1993–2009)
  • Paul Cunningham, General Superintendent (1993–2009)
  • Jim Bond, General Superintendent (1997–2005)
  • Jerry D. Porter, General Superintendent (1997–present)
• Original Church of God or Sanctified Church
  • Charles W. Gray, National Bishop (1907–1945)
  • William Crosby, National Bishop (1945–1952)
  • T. R. Jeffries, National Bishop (1952–c.1959)
  • C. A. McLaurine, National Bishop (?–1966)
• Pillar of Fire International –
  • Alma Bridwell White, Founder and General Superintendent (1901–1946)^[1]
  • Arthur Kent White, General Superintendent (1946–1981)^[2]
  • Arlene Hart Lawrence, General Superintendent (1981–1984)
  • Donald Justin Wolfram, General Superintendent (1984–2000)^[3]
  • Robert Barney Dallenbach, General Superintendent (2000–2008)^[4]
• Salvation Army (complete list) –
  • William Booth, Founder and General (1865/1878–1912)
  • Bramwell Booth, General (1912–1929)
  • Edward Higgins, General (1929–1934)
  • Evangeline Booth (f), General (1934–1939)
  • George Carpenter, General (1939–1946)
  • Albert Orsborn, General (1946–1954)
  • Wilfred Kitching, General (1954–1963)
  • Frederick Coutts, General (1963–1969)
  • Erik Wickberg, General (1969–1974)
  • Clarence Wiseman, General (1974–1977)
  • Arnold Brown, General (1977–1981)
  • Jarl Wahlström, General (1981–1986)
  • Eva Burrows (f), General (1986–1993)
  • Bramwell Tillsley, General (1993–1994)
  • Paul Rader, General (1994–1999)
  • John Gowans, General (1999–2002)

Lutheran

• Lutheran World Federation –
  • Anders Nygren (Sweden), President (1947–1952)
  • Hanns Lilje (W. Germany), President (1952–1957)
  • Franklin Clark Fry (U.S.), President (1957–1963)
  • Fredrik A. Schiotz (U.S.), President (1963–1970)
  • Mikko E. Juva (Finland), President (1970–1977)
  • Josiah M. Kibira (Tanzania), President (1977–1984)
  • Zoltán Kaldy (Hungary), President (1984–1987)
  • Johannes Hanselmann (W. Germany), President (1987–1990)
  • Gottfried Brakemeier (Brazil), President (1990–1997)
  • Christian Krause (Germany), President (1997–2003)
• Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod –
  • Franz August Otto Pieper, President (1899–1911)
  • Friedrich Pfotenhauer, President (1911–1935)
  • John William Behnken, President (1935–1962)
  • Oliver Raymond Harms, President (1962–1969)
  • Jacob Aall Ottesen Preus II, President (1969–1981)
  • Ralph Arthur Bohlmann, President (1981–1992)
  • Alvin L. Barry, President (1992–2001)
• Evangelical Lutheran Church in America –
  • Herbert W. Chilstrom, Presiding Bishop (1988–1995)
  • H. George Anderson, Presiding Bishop (1995–2001)
• American Lutheran Church –
  • Fredrik A. Schiotz, President (1960–1970)
  • Kent S. Knutson, Bishop (1970–1974)
  • David W. Preus, Bishop (1974–1988)
• Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod –
  • Phillip von Rohr, President (1887–1908)
  • Gustav Ernst Bergemann, President (1908–1933)
  • John Brenner, President (1933–1953)
  • Oscar J. Naumann, President (1953–1979)
  • Carl H. Mischke, President (1979–1993)
  • Karl R. Gurgel, President (1993–2007)
• Lutheran Church in America –
  • Frederick H. Knubel, President (1918–1944)
  • Franklin Clark Fry, President (1944–1968)
  • Robert J. Marshall, President (1968–1978)
  • James R. Crumley, President (1978–1980)
  • James R. Crumley, Bishop (1980–1988)
• Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada –
  • Telmor Sartison, National Bishop (1993–2001)
• Swedish Church –
  • Johan August Ekman, Archbishop of Uppsala (1900–1913)
  • Nathan Söderblom, Archbishop of Uppsala (1914–1931)
  • Erling Eidem, Archbishop of Uppsala (1931–1950)
  • Yngve Brilioth, Archbishop of Uppsala (1950–1958)
  • Gunnar Hultgren, Archbishop of Uppsala (1958–1967)
  • Ruben Josefson, Archbishop of Uppsala (1967–1972)
  • Olof Sundby, Archbishop of Uppsala (1972–1983)
  • Bertil Werkström, Archbishop of Uppsala (1983–1993)
  • Gunnar Weman, Archbishop of Uppsala (1993–1997)
  • Karl Gustav Hammar, Archbishop of Uppsala (1997–2006)
• Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland –
  • Gustaf Johansson, Archbishop of Turku (1899–1930)
  • Lauri Ingman, Archbishop of Turku (1930–1934)
  • Erkki Kaila, Archbishop of Turku (1935–1944)
  • Aleksi Lehtonen, Archbishop of Turku (1945–1951)
  • Ilmari Salomies, Archbishop of Turku (1951–1964)
  • Martti Simojoki, Archbishop of Turku (1964–1978)
  • Mikko E. Juva, Archbishop of Turku (1978–1982)
  • John Vikström, Archbishop of Turku (1982–1998)
  • Jukka Paarma, Archbishop of Turku (1999–2010)
• Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia –
  • Jaan Kiivit, Jr (1994–2005)
• Church of Sweden –
  • Karl Gustav Hammar, Archbishop of Uppsala (1997–2006)

Pentecostal

• World Assemblies of God Fellowship –
  • J. Philip Hogan, Chairman (1988–1992)
  • David Yonggi Cho, Chairman (1992–2000)
  • Thomas E. Trask, Chairman (2000–2008)
• Assemblies of God, United States –
  • Eudorus N. Bell General superintendent (1914, 1920–23)
  • John W. Welch, General superintendent (1914–1919, 1923)
  • William T. Gaston, General superintendent (1924–1929)
  • Ernest S. Williams, General superintendent (1929–1949)
  • Wesley R. Steelberg, General superintendent (1949–1952)
  • Gayle F. Lewis, General superintendent (1952–1953)
  • Ralph M Riggs, General superintendent (1953–1959)
  • Thomas F. Zimmerman, General superintendent (1959–1985)
  • G. Raymond Carlson, General superintendent (1986–1993)
  • Thomas E. Trask, General superintendent (1993–2007)
• International Circle of Faith –
  • Ray Cornell, Bishop (1931–1969)
  • Sandford Wade, Bishop (1969–2001)
• Grace Communion International (until 2009, called the Worldwide Church of God from 1968–2009) –
  • Herbert W. Armstrong, President and pastor general (1933–1986)
  • Joseph W. Tkach, President and pastor general (1986–1995)
  • Joseph Tkach, Jr., President and pastor general (1995–present)
• New Apostolic Church –
  • Fritz Krebs, Chief apostle (1895–1905)
  • Hermann Niehaus, Chief apostle (1905–1930)
  • Johann Gottfried Bischoff, Chief apostle (1930–1960)
  • Walter Schmidt, Chief apostle (1960–1975)
  • Ernst Streckeisen, Chief apostle (1975–1978)
  • Hans Urwyler, Chief apostle (1978–1988)
  • Richard Fehr, Chief apostle (1988–2005)

Methodism

• African Methodist Episcopal Church –
  • Clement W. Fugh, General Secretary (2000–present)
• Free Methodist Church in Canada –
  • Stan Toler, Bishop (1974–1993)
  • Gary R. Walsh, Bishop (1993–1997)
  • Keith A. Elford, Bishop (1997–present)
• Iglesia Evangelica Metodista en las Islas Filipinas –
  • Nicolas V. Zamora, General Superintendent (1909–1914)
  • Alejandro H. Reyes, General Superintendent (1914–1922)
  • Victoriano Mariano, General Superintendent (1922–1928)
  • Francisco Gregorio, General Superintendent (1928–1939)
  • Matias B. Valdez, General Superintendent (1939–1948)
  • Eusebio Tech, General Superintendent (1948–1952)
  • Marcelino C. Gutierrez, General Superintendent (1952–1953)
  • Lazaro G. Trinidad, General Superintendent (1953–1972)
  • Geronimo P. Maducdoc, General Superintendent (1972–1980)
  • George F. Castro, General Superintendent (1980–2000)
  • Nathaniel P. Lazaro, General Superintendent (2000–present)
• Methodist Church Ghana –
  • Francis C.F. Grant, President (1961–1966)
  • T. Wallace Koomson, President (1966–1973)
  • Charles K. Yamoah, President (1973–1977)
  • C. Awotwi Pratt, President (1977–1979)
  • Samuel B. Essamuah, President (1979–1984)
  • C. Awotwi Pratt, President (1984–1985)
  • Jacob S.A. Stephens, President (1985–1990)
  • Kwesi A. Dickson, President (1990–1997)
  • Samuel Asante Antwi, President and Presiding Bishop (1997–2003)^[5]
• Methodist Church in Singapore –
  • Methodist work in Southern and Southeast Asia
  • James M. Thoburn, Bishop and Superintendent (1888–1904)
  • William F. Oldham, Bishop and Superintendent (1904–1912)
  • John E. Robinson, Bishop and Superintendent (1912–1914)
  • William P. Eveland, Bishop and Superintendent (1914–1916)
  • John E. Robinson and J. W. Robinson, Bishops and Superintendents (1916–1920)
  • George H. Bickley, Bishop and Superintendent (1920–1924)
  • Titus Lowe, Bishop and Superintendent (1924–1928)
  • Edwin F. Lee, Bishop and Superintendent (1928–1948)
  • Southeastern Asia Central Conference
  • Raymond L. Archer, Bishop (1950–1956)
  • Hobart B. Amstutz, Bishop (1956–1964)
  • Robert F. Lundy, Bishop (1964–1968)
  • Methodist Church in Malaysia and Singapore
  • Yap Kim Hao, Bishop (1968–1973)
  • Theodore R. Doraisamy, Bishop (1973–1976)
  • Methodist Church in Singapore
  • Kao Jih Chung, Bishop (1976–1984)
  • Ho Chee Sin, Bishop (1984–1996)
  • Wong Kiam Thau, Bishop (1996–2000)
  • Robert M. Solomon, Bishop (2000–present)
• Methodist Church of South Africa –
  • President
    • William B Rayner, President (1900–1901)
    • Alfred T Rhodes, President (1901–1902)
    • Robert Lamplough, President (1902–1903)
    • Nendrick Abrahams, President (1903–1904)
    • Ezra Nuttal, President (1904–1905)
    • Arthur P Chaplin, President (1905–1906)
    • Richard F Hornabrook, President (1906–1907)
    • William J Hacker, President (1907–1908)
    • George Weaver, President (1908–1909)
    • Wesley Hurt, President (1909–1911)
    • Joseph Metcalf, President (1911–1912)
    • Albert H Hodges, President (1912–1913)
    • William Pescod, President (1913–1914)
    • T Edward Marsh, President (1914–1915)
    • Robert Matterson, President (1915–1916)
    • Griffith W Rogers, President (1916–1917)
    • Henry Cotton, President (1917–1918)
    • Samuel Clark, President (1918–1919)
    • James PendlReebury, President (1919–1920)
    • George Robson, President (1920–1921)
    • Arthur J Lennard, President (1921–1922)
    • Charles S Lucas, President (1922–1923)
    • John W Househam, President (1923–1924)
    • John W Watkinson, President (1924–1925)
    • Frederick Holmes, President (1925–1926)
    • Andrew Graham, President (1926–1927)
    • Theo R Curnick BD, President (1927–1928)
    • William Flint DD, President (1928–1929)
    • Geo H P Jacques, President (1929–1930)
    • Allen Lea, President (1930–1931)
    • Ernest Titcomb, President (1931–1932)
    • John A Allcock, President (1932–1933)
    • William Meara, President (1933–1934)
    • Henry W Goodwin, President (1934–1935)
    • Thomas Stanton, President (1935–1936)
    • A Arthur Wellington, President (1936–1937)
    • William Meara, President (1937–1938)
    • Edwin Bottrill, President (1938–1939)
    • Lorenzo S H Wilkinson, President (1939–1940)
    • William Eveleigh, President (1940–1941)
    • William B Allcock, President (1941–1942)
    • Arnold Nichols, President (1942–1943)
    • William W Shilling, President (1943–1944)
    • William Whalley, President (1944–1945)
    • William Meara, President (1945–1946)
    • Cecil C Harris, President (1946–1947)
    • E Lyn Cragg, President (1947–1948)
    • Edward W Grant, President (1948–1949)
    • Joseph B Webb, President (1949–1950)
    • Stanley Le Grove-Smith, President (1950–1951)
    • Alison E F Garrett, President (1951–1952)
    • J Wesley Hunt, President (1952–1953)
    • Herbert W Rist, President (1953–1954)
    • Joseph B Webb, President (1954–1955)
    • Stanley B Sudbury, President (1955–1956)
    • William Illsley, President (1956–1957)
    • Clifford K Storey, President (1957–1958)
    • C Edgar Wilkinson, President (1958–1959)
    • Leslie A Hewson, President (1959–1960)
    • Frank H Edmonds, President (1960–1961)
    • Joseph B Webb, President (1961–1962)
    • Deryck P Dugmore, President (1962–1963)
    • Stanley G Pitts, President (1963–1964)
    • Seth M Mokitimi, President (1964–1965)
    • Wilfred W Hartley, President (1965–1966)
    • Robert C Bellis, President (1966–1967)
    • L G S Griffiths, President (1967–1968)
    • Cyril Wilkins, President (1968–1969)
    • Derrick W Timm, President (1969–1970)
    • C Edgar Wilkinson, President (1970–1971)
    • Alex L Boraine, President (1971–1972)
    • Stanley G Pitts, President (1972–1973)
    • Jotham C Mvusi, President (1973–1974)
    • Vivian W Harris, President (1974–1975)
    • Abel E Hendricks, President (1975–1976)
    • Charles R Stephenson, President (1976–1977)
    • Abel E Hendricks, President (1977–1978)
    • Donald C Veysie, President (1978–1979)
    • Andrew M Losaba, President (1979–1980)
    • Howard F Kirby, President (1980–1981)
    • T Simon N Gqubule, President (1981–1982)
    • Khoza E M Mgojo, President (1982–1983)
    • Fremont C Louw, President (1983–1984)
    • Peter J Storey, President (1984–1985)
    • Ernest N Baartman, President (1985–1986)
    • John P Scholtz, President (1986–1987)
    • Khoza E M Mgojo, President (1987–1988)
    • M Stanley Mogoba, President (1988–1998)
    • H Mvume Dandala, President (1998–2003)
  • General Secretary
    • Alfred T Rhodes, General Secretary (1899–1901)
    • Ezra Nuttal, General Secretary (1901–1904)
    • Arthur P Chaplin, General Secretary (1904–1905)
    • Charles Pettman, General Secretary (1905–1911)
    • Henry Cotton, General Secretary (1911–1917)
    • James Robb, General Secretary (1917–1920)
    • John W Househam, General Secretary (1920–1923)
    • William H P Clulow, General Secretary (1923–1926)
    • Alfred A Stile, General Secretary (1926–1927)
    • William H P Clulow, General Secretary (1927–1928)
    • Thomas Stanton, General Secretary (1928–1934)
    • Arthur C File, General Secretary (1934–1938)
    • William H Irving, General Secretary (1938–1939)
    • Arthur C File, General Secretary (1939–1940)
    • William H Irving, General Secretary (1940–1942)
    • Edward W Grant, General Secretary (1942–1943)
    • F J Rhead Marsh, General Secretary (1943–1945)
    • Alison E F Garrett, General Secretary (1945–1951)
    • Stanley B Sudbury, General Secretary (1951–1953)
    • Frank H Edmonds, General Secretary (1953–1960)
    • Lloyd G Griffiths, General Secretary (1960–1961)
    • Alison E F Grant, General Secretary (1961–1962)
    • Stanley B Sudbury, General Secretary (1962–1973)
    • Cyril Wilkins, General Secretary (1973–1982)
    • M Stanley Mogoba, General Secretary (1982–1988)
    • Vivian Harris, General Secretary (1988–2001)

Other Protestant

• Seventh-day Adventists (complete list) –
  • George A. Irwin, General Conference President (1897–1901)
  • Arthur G. Daniells, General Conference President (1901–1922)
  • William A. Spicer, General Conference President (1922–1930)
  • Charles H. Watson, General Conference President (1930–1936)
  • J. Lamar McElhany, General Conference President (1936–1950)
  • William H. Branson, General Conference President (1950–1954)
  • Reuben R. Figuhr, General Conference President (1954–1966)
  • Robert H. Pierson, General Conference President (1966–1979)
  • Neal C. Wilson, General Conference President (1979–1990)
  • Robert S. Folkenberg, General Conference President (1990–1999)
  • Jan Paulsen, General Conference President (1999–2010)
• Uniting Church in Australia –
  • President
    • Davis McCaughey, President (1977–1979)
    • Winston O'Reilly, President (1979–1982)
    • Rollie Busch, President (1982–1985)
    • Ian Tanner, President (1985–1988)
    • Ronald Wilson, President (1988–1991)
    • H. D'Arcy Wood, President (1991–1994)
    • Jill Tabart, President (1994–1997)
    • John Mavor, President (1997–2000)
    • James Haire, President (2000–2003)
  • General Secretary
    • Winston O'Reilly, General Secretary (1977–1979)
    • David Gill, General Secretary (1980–1988)
    • Gregor Henderson, General Secretary (1989–2001)
• United Church of Canada –
  • George C. Pidgeon, Moderator (1925–1926)
  • James Endicott, Moderator (1926–1928)
  • William T. Gunn, Moderator (1928–1930)
  • Edmund H. Oliver, Moderator (1930–1932)
  • T. Albert Moore, Moderator (1932–1934)
  • Richard Roberts, Moderator (1934–1936)
  • Peter Bryce, Moderator (1936–1938)
  • John W. Woodside, Moderator (1938–1940)
  • Aubrey S. Tuttle, Moderator (1940–1942)
  • John R. P. Sclater, Moderator (1942–1944)
  • Jesse H. Arnup, Moderator (1944–1946)
  • Thomas W. Jones, Moderator (1946–1948)
  • Willard E. Brewing, Moderator (1948–1950)
  • Clarence M. Nicholson, Moderator (1950–1952)
  • Alexander A. Scott, Moderator (1952–1954)
  • George Dorey, Moderator (1954–1956)
  • James S. Thomson, Moderator (1956–1958)
  • Angus J. MacQueen, Moderator (1958–1960)
  • Hugh A. McLeod, Moderator (1960–1962)
  • James R. Mutchmor, Moderator (1962–1964)
  • Ernest M. Howse, Moderator (1964–1968)
  • Wilfred C. Lockhart, Moderator (1966–1968)
  • Robert Baird McClure, Moderator (1968–1971)
  • Arthur B. B. Moore, Moderator (1971–1972)
  • Bruce McLeod, Moderator (1972–1974)
  • Wilbur K. Howard, Moderator (1974–1977)
  • George M. Tuttle, Moderator (1977–1980)
  • Lois M. Wilson, Moderator (1980–1982)
  • W. Clarke MacDonald, Moderator (1982–1984)
  • Robert F. Smith, Moderator (1984–1986)
  • Anne M. Squire, Moderator (1986–1988)
  • Sang Chul Lee, Moderator (1988–1990)
  • Walter H. Farquharson, Moderator (1990–1992)
  • Stan McKay, Moderator (1992–1994)
  • Marion Best, Moderator (1994–1997)
  • Bill Phipps, Moderator (1997–2000)
  • Marion Pardy, Moderator (2000–2003)

Provinces of the Anglican Communion

• Church of England –

• Formal leadership: Supreme Governor of the Church of England (complete list) –

• Victoria, Supreme Governor (1837–1901)
• Edward VII, Supreme Governor (1901–1910)
• George V, Supreme Governor (1910–1936)
• Edward VIII, Supreme Governor (1936)
• George VI, Supreme Governor (1936–1952)
• Elizabeth II, Supreme Governor (1952–present)

• Effective leadership: Archbishops of Canterbury (complete list) –

• Frederick Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury (1896–1902)
• Randall Thomas Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury (1903–1928)
• Cosmo Gordon Lang, Archbishop of Canterbury (1928–1942)
• William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury (1942–1944)
• Geoffrey Francis Fisher, Archbishop of Canterbury (1945–1961)
• Arthur Michael Ramsey, Archbishop of Canterbury (1961–1974)
• Donald Coggan, Archbishop of Canterbury (1974–1980)
• Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (1980–1991)
• George Carey, Archbishop of Canterbury (1991–2002)

• Anglican Church of Australia (complete list)–

• Saumarez Smith, Primate (1890–1909)
• John Wright, Primate (1910–1933)
• Henry Le Fanu, Primate (1935–1946)
• Howard Mowll, Primate (1947–1958)
• Hugh Gough, Primate (1959–1966)
• Philip Strong, Primate (1966–1970)
• Frank Woods, Primate (1971–1977)
• Marcus Loane, Primate (1978–1982)
• John Grindrod, Primate (1982–1989)
• Keith Rayner, Primate (1990–1999)
• Peter Carnley, Primate (2000–2005)

• Anglican Church of Canada (complete list)–

• Robert Machray, Primate (1893–1904)
• William B. Bond, Primate (1904–1906)
• Arthur Sweatman, Primate (1907–1909)
• Samuel Pritchard Matheson, Primate (1909–1931)
• Clarendon Lamb Worrell, Primate (1931–1934)
• Derwyn Trevor Owen, Primate (1934–1947)
• George Frederick Kingston, Primate (1947–1950)
• Walter Foster Barfoot, Primate (1950–1959)
• Howard Clark, Primate (1959–1971)
• Ted Scott, Primate (1971–1986)
• Michael Peers, Primate (1986–2004)

• Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui (complete list) –

• Peter Kwong, Archbishop (1998–2006)

• Episcopal Church (United States) –

• Presiding Bishop (complete list) –

• Thomas Clark, Presiding Bishop (1899–1903)
• Daniel Tuttle, Presiding Bishop (1903–1923)
• Alexander Garrett, Presiding Bishop (1923–1924)
• Ethelbert Talbot, Presiding Bishop (1924–1926)
• John Murray, Presiding Bishop (1926–1929)
• Charles Anderson, Presiding Bishop (1929–1930)
• DeWolf Perry, Presiding Bishop (1930–1937)
• Henry Tucker, Presiding Bishop (1938–1946)
• Henry Sherrill, Presiding Bishop (1947–1958)
• Arthur Lichtenberger, Presiding Bishop (1958–1964)
• John Hines, Presiding Bishop (1965–1974)
• John Allin, Presiding Bishop (1974–1985)
• Edmond Lee Browning, Presiding Bishop (1986–1997)
• Frank Griswold, Presiding Bishop (1998–2006)

• Presidents of the House of Deputies (complete list) –

• George Werner, President (2000–present)

Continuing Anglicanism

• American Anglican Church – John A. Herzog, Presiding Bishop (1994–present)

• Anglican Episcopal Church – Reginald Hammond, Presiding Bishop (2000–2004)

• Anglican Province of America – Walter Grundorf, Presiding Bishop (early 1990s–present)

• Church of England in South Africa –

• G. Frederick B. Morris, Presiding Bishop (1955–1965)
• Stephen Carlton Bradley, Presiding Bishop (1965–1984)
• Dudley Foord, Presiding Bishop (1986–1989)
• Joe J. Bell, Presiding Bishop (1989–2000)
• Frank J. Retief, Presiding Bishop (2000–2010)

• Diocese of the Great Lakes – Julius A. Neeser, Bishop Ordinary (1998–2002)

• Episcopal Missionary Church –

• A. Donald Davies, Presiding Bishop (1992–2000)
• William Millsaps, Presiding Bishop (2000–2005)

• Orthodox Anglican Communion –

• James Parker Dees, Metropolitan Archbishop (1963–1990)
• George C. Schneller, Metropolitan Archbishop (1991–1994)
• Robert J. Godfrey, Metropolitan Archbishop (1994–2000)
• Scott Earle McLaughlin, Metropolitan Archbishop (2000–present)

• Orthodox Anglican Church –

• James Parker Dees, Presiding Bishop (1963–1990)
• George C. Schneller, Presiding Bishop (1991–1994)
• Robert J. Godfrey, Presiding Bishop (1994–2000)
• Scott Earle McLaughlin, Presiding Bishop (2000–2012)

• Province of Christ the King – Robert Morse, Bishop Ordinary (1977–2007)

• Reformed Episcopal Church – Leonard W. Riches, Presiding Bishop (1996–present)

• Traditional Anglican Communion – Louis Falk, Primate (1991–2002)

• Anglican Church in America – Louis Falk, Primate (1991–2005)
• Anglican Catholic Church in Australia – John Hepworth, Archbishop (1998–2012)
• Anglican Catholic Church of Canada – Robert Mercer, Bishop and Metropolitan (1988–2005)
• Anglican Church of India – Stephen Vattappara, Metropolitan Bishop (1990–present)

• United Episcopal Church of North America –

• John C. Gramley, Presiding Bishop (1992–1996)
• Stephen C. Reber, Presiding Bishop (1996–2010)

Ismaili

• Nizari (complete list) –

• Aga Khan III, 48th Imam (1885–1957)
• Aga Khan IV, 49th Imam (1957–present)

• Dawoodi Bohra (complete list) –

• Mohammed Burhanuddin, Dai al-Mutlaq (1891–1905)
• Abdullah Badruddin, Dai al-Mutlaq (1905–1915)
• Taher Saifuddin, Dai al-Mutlaq (1915–1965)
• Mohammed Burhanuddin, Dai al-Mutlaq (1965–2014)

• Zaidiyyah (complete list) –

• al-Mansur Muhammad bin Yahya Hamid ad-Din, Imam (1890–1904)
• al-Mutawakkil Yahya Muhammad Hamid ad-Din, Imam (1904–1948)
• an-Nasir Ahmad bin Yahya, Imam (1948–1962)
• al-Mansur Muhammad al-Badr, Imam (1962)
• Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi, leader of the Houthis (1994–2004)

Dawat-e-Islami

• Muhammad Ilyas Qadri, Founder (1950–present)

Bahá'í

• Bahá'í Faith –
  • `Abdu'l-Bahá, Successor and head of the Bahá'í Faith (1892–1921)
  • Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Cause of God (1921–1957)
  • Hands of the Cause of God (1957–1963)
  • Universal House of Justice (1963–present)

Jainism

• Terapanthi Jains-
  • Acharya Mahaprajna (1995–2010)
• Svetambara Jainism –
  • Dalcand, Acarya (1897–1909)
  • Kaluram, Acarya (1909–1936)
  • Tulsi, Acarya (1936–1994)
  • Mahaprajna, Acarya (1994–2010)

Sikhism

• Sri Akal Takht Sahib –
  • Arur Singh Naushshera, Jathedar (1907–1920)
  • Teja Singh Ji Bhuchar, Jathedar (1920–1921)
  • Teja Singh Ji Akerpuri, Jathedar (1921–1923, 1926–1930)
  • Udham Singh Ji Nagoki, Jathedar (1923–1924)
  • Bhai Acchar Singh Ji, Jathedar (1924–1925)
  • Didar Singh Ji, Jathedar (about a month in 1926)
  • Jawaher Singh Ji, Jathedar (very short period in 1926)
  • Giani Gurmukh Singh Ji Musaffer, Jathedar (1930–1931)
  • Mohan singh Ji Nagoki, Jathedar (1931–1938)
  • Giani Partap Singh Ji, Jathedar (1938–1948)
  • Bhai Sadhu Singh Ji Bhaura, Jathedar (1948–1963)
  • Gurdial Singh Ji Ajnoha, Jathedar (1980–1983)
  • Bhai Kirpal Singh Ji, Jathedar (1963–1965, 1983–1986)
  • Darshan Singh Ji, Jathedar (1986)
  • Bhai Jasbir Singh Ji Rodae, Jathedar (1986)
  • Bhai Gurdev Singh Ji Kaunke, Jathedar (1986–1990s)
  • Manjit Singh Ji, Jathedar
  • Bhai Ranjit Singh Ji, Jathedar
  • Giani Puran singh Ji, Jathedar
  • Joginder Singh Ji Vadanti, Jathedar
  • Gurbachan Singh Ji, Jathedar

Note: Some religions reject the idea of having a leader or leading council in such a way that they can not be listed. When possible/plausible a leading figure will be named, but in some cases this will not be possible or desirable.