Jeremiah 22

Jeremiah 22
Book of Jeremiah in Hebrew Bible, MS. Sassoon 1053, images 283-315.
Book Book of Jeremiah
Bible part Old Testament
Order in the Bible part 24
Category Nevi'im

Jeremiah 22 is the twenty-second chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jeremiah, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets.[1][2]

Text

Textual versions

Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language:

Ancient translations in Koine Greek:

Structure

NKJV groups this chapter into:

Verse 1

Thus says the Lord: “Go down to the house of the king of Judah, and there speak this word” (NKJV)[5]

Verse 11

For thus says the Lord concerning Shallum the son of Josiah, king of Judah, who reigned instead of Josiah his father, who went from this place: “He shall not return here anymore” (NKJV)[6]

Verse 18

Therefore thus says the Lord concerning Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah:
“They shall not lament for him,
Saying, ‘Alas, my brother!’ or ‘Alas, my sister!’
They shall not lament for him,
Saying, ‘Alas, master!’ or ‘Alas, his glory!’” (NKJV)[9]
  • "Jehoiakim the son of Josiah": is the second son of king Josiah (1 Chronicles 3:15), also called Eliakim before he was made king of Judah by Pharaoh Necho to replace Jehoahaz (2 Kings 23:34; 2 Chronicles 36:4) in 609/608 BC,[7] reigning eleven years, until 598 BC.[10][11] Rabbinical literature describes Jehoiakim as a godless tyrant who committed atrocious sins and crimes. He is portrayed as living in incestuous relations with his mother, daughter-in-law, and stepmother, and was in the habit of murdering men, whose wives he then violated and whose property he seized. He also had tattooed his body.[10] Jeremiah criticised the king's policies, insisting on repentance and strict adherence to the law.[12] Another prophet, Uriah ben Shemaiah, proclaimed a similar message and Jehoiakim ordered his execution (Jeremiah 26:20-23).[13] His despicable character earned him no respect from the people, as in 598 BC to end the siege of Jerusalem, the priests of Sanhedrin delivered him to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon[10] who "bound him in fetters, to carry him to Babylon."[14] and he died without proper funeral, described by Jeremiah that "he shall be buried with the burial of a donkey, dragged and cast out beyond the gates of Jerusalem" (Jeremiah 22:19) "and his dead body shall be cast out to the heat of the day and the frost of the night" (Jeremiah 36:30).[15] Josephus wrote that Nebuchadnezzar slew Jehoiakim along with high ranking officers and then commanded Jehoiakim's body "to be thrown before the walls, without any burial."[16]

Verse 24

“As I live,” says the Lord, “though Coniah the son of Jehoiakim, king of Judah, were the signet on My right hand, yet I would pluck you off” (NKJV)[17]

Verse 30

“Thus says the Lord:
Write this man down as childless,
A man who shall not prosper in his days;
For none of his descendants shall prosper,
Sitting on the throne of David,
And ruling anymore in Judah.” (NKJV)[20]

Jeconiah has seven sons according to 1 Chronicles 3:17-18, but the Davidic lineage of kingship did not extend to his heirs.[18] This prophecy starts with the "threefold address" of "earth" (Hebrew: ארץ ’e-rets) in Jeremiah 22:29 (similar to the use with "holy" in Isaiah 6:3 and "overthrown" in Ezekiel 21:27) to place a strong emphasis that "no descendant of Jeconiah shall rule Judah."[7]

See also

Notes and references

  1. ↑ J. D. Davis. 1960. A Dictionary of the Bible. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House.
  2. ↑ Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
  3. ↑ Timothy A. J. Jull; Douglas J. Donahue; Magen Broshi; Emanuel Tov (1995). "Radiocarbon Dating of Scrolls and Linen Fragments from the Judean Desert". Radiocarbon. 38 (1): 14. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  4. ↑ Ulrich 2010, p. 570-573.
  5. ↑ Jeremiah 22:1
  6. ↑ Jeremiah 22:11
  7. 1 2 3 4 The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. p. 1112-1114 Hebrew Bible. ISBN 978-0195288810
  8. ↑ The Nelson Study Bible 1997, p. 1263-1265.
  9. ↑ Jeremiah 22:18
  10. 1 2 3 4 "Jehoiakim", Jewish Encyclopedia
  11. ↑ Dan Cohn-Sherbok, The Hebrew Bible, Continuum International, 1996, page x. ISBN 0-304-33703-X
  12. ↑ Jeremiah 36:1-32
  13. ↑ James Maxwell Miller, John Haralson Hayes, A History of Ancient Israel and Judah (Westminster John Knox Press, 1986) page 404-405.
  14. ↑ 2 Chronicles 36:6
  15. ↑ The Nelson Study Bible 1997, p. 1264.
  16. ↑ Josephus, The Antiquities of the Jews. Book X, chapter 6, part 3.
  17. ↑ Jeremiah 22:24
  18. 1 2 The Nelson Study Bible 1997, p. 1265.
  19. ↑ Notes in New King James Version on Jeremiah 22:24
  20. ↑ Jeremiah 22:30

Bibliography

  • The Nelson Study Bible. Thomas Nelson, Inc. 1997. ISBN 9780840715999.
  • Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill.

Jewish

Christian

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