Happisburgh Lighthouse

Happisburgh Lighthouse
Hasborough
Happisburgh Lighthouse
Norfolk
Location Happisburgh
Norfolk
England
Coordinates 52°49′14″N 1°32′13″E / 52.820479°N 1.536950°E / 52.820479; 1.536950Coordinates: 52°49′14″N 1°32′13″E / 52.820479°N 1.536950°E / 52.820479; 1.536950
Year first constructed 1791
Automated 1929
Construction Masonry tower
Tower shape Cylindrical tower with balcony and lantern
Markings / pattern Tower with red and white bands, white lantern, red lantern roof
Height 26 metres (85 ft)
Focal height 41 metres (135 ft)
Current lens Catadioptric fixed lens
Light source Mains power
Range 14 nautical miles (26 km; 16 mi)
Characteristic Fl (3) W 30s
Admiralty number A2336
NGA number 1668
ARLHS number ENG-050
Managing agent Friends of Happisburgh Lighthouse [1]
Heritage Grade II listed building Edit this on Wikidata

Happisburgh Lighthouse in Happisburgh on the North Norfolk coast is the only independently operated lighthouse in Great Britain. It is also the oldest working lighthouse in East Anglia.

History

The building was constructed in 1790 as one of a pair of candle-powered lights ("High Lighthouse" and "Low Lighthouse").[2] It was electrified in 1947. The tower is 85 ft (25.9 m) tall, putting the lantern at 134 ft (40.8 m) above sea level.[3] The other lighthouse - the "low light" - was 20 ft (6.1 m) lower. It was decommissioned and demolished in 1883 before it could be lost due to coastal erosion, its lantern being reused at Southwold lighthouse.[4] Together they formed a pair of range lights that marked a safe passage around the southern end of the offshore Haisborough Sands 8 miles (12.9 km) to a stretch of safe waters known as 'The Would'.[5]

The lighthouse is painted white with three red bands and has a light characteristic of Fl(3)30s (three white flashes, repeated every 30 seconds) at a height of 135 ft (41.1 m) with a range of 14 miles (22.5 km).[6]

Independence

In 1987 Happisburgh was one of five lighthouses declared redundant by Trinity House and deactivation was planned for June 1988. Villagers organised a petition to oppose the closure, and as a result the date was postponed.

Under the Merchant Shipping Act of 1894,[7] Trinity House may dispose of a working lighthouse only to an established Lighthouse Authority. On 25 April 1990 the Happisburgh Lighthouse Act[8] received the Royal Assent establishing the Happisburgh Lighthouse Trust as a Local Light Authority, and Happisburgh became the only independently run operational lighthouse in Great Britain.

See also

Bibliography

  • Price Edwards, E. (2010). Lighthouse(1884). BiblioBazaar. ISBN 1-146-41637-7.
  • Golding CBE, Capt. Thomas (1929). Trinity House from Within. private printing.
  • Hague, Douglas B.; Christie, Rosemary (1975). Lighthouses - Their Architecture, History and Archaeology. Llandysul : Gomer Press. ISBN 0-85088-324-5.
  • Long, Neville (1983). Lights of East Anglia. Terence Dalton Ltd. ISBN 0-86138-029-0.
  • Stevenson, D. Alan (1959). The World's Lighthouses Before 1820. Oxford University Press.

References

  1. ↑ Happisburgh The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 27 April 2016
  2. ↑ "Map of Norfolk". British History Online. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  3. ↑ "Lighthouses of the World & Fog Signals" - Alexander Finlay, Richard Holmes Laurie, 1888
  4. ↑ Point 2 - The Lighthouse, BBC Suffolk. Retrieved 2012-10-29.
  5. ↑ Happisburgh Village Website - History of Happisburgh Lighthouse Archived 5 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
  6. ↑ "Happisburgh Lighthouse". Happisburgh Village Website. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
  7. ↑ Merchant Shipping Act of 1894, part XI (p. 260 of the PDF version)
  8. ↑ Happisburgh Lighthouse Act as annotation C9 modification of Merchant Shipping Act of 1894
  9. ↑ "The Writer... prochain single d'Ellie Goulding". news-de-stars.com. 21 June 2010. Archived from the original on 13 July 2010. Retrieved 3 July 2010.
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