Federal districts of Russia

The federal districts (Russian: федера́льные округа́, federalnyye okruga) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia. Federal districts are not provisioned by the Constitution of Russia and are not the constituent units of the country, but exist purely for the convenience of operation and governing by federal government agencies. Each district includes several federal subjects and each federal district has a presidential envoy titled a Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District.

The federal districts and positions of Plenipotentiary Representatives were originally created in 2000 by Presidential Decree "to ensure implementation of the President of the Russian Federation of its constitutional powers".[1] Plenipotentiary Representatives are appointed by the President and are employees of the Presidential Administration.

List of federal districts

Federal district[2] Establishment
date		 Area
(km²)[3]		 Population
(2010 census)		 Population density
(per km2)		 HDI
(2015)[4]		 Nominal GDP (2016)
(RUB/USD)[5]		 GDP per capita (2016)[5] Federal
subjects		 Administrative
center		 Presidential
plenipotentiary envoy		 Continent
Northwest May 18, 2000 1,687,000 13,583,800 8 0.814 7,804 billion
($134B)		 562,372 ₽
($9640)		 11 Saint Petersburg Alexander Beglov Europe
Central May 18, 2000 650,200 38,438,600 59 0.830 24,135 billion
($414B)		 616,366 ₽
($10565)		 18 Moscow Igor Shchyogolev Europe
Volga May 18, 2000 1,037,000 29,900,400 29 0.784 10,376 billion
($178B)		 349,885 ₽
($5997)		 14 Nizhny Novgorod Igor Komarov Europe
South[lower-alpha 1][6] May 18, 2000 427,800 16,141,100[lower-alpha 2] 33 0.783 4,896 billion
($84B)		 298,576 ₽
($5118)		 8 Rostov-on-Don Vladimir Ustinov Europe
North Caucasus January 19, 2010 170,400 9,496,800 55 0.777 1,798 billion
($31B)		 184,446 ₽
($3162)		 7 Pyatigorsk Alexander Matovnikov Europe
Ural May 18, 2000 1,818,500 12,082,700 7 0.819 9,355 billion
($160B)		 758,885 ₽
($13008)		 6 Yekaterinburg Nikolay Tsukanov Asia
Siberia May 18, 2000 5,145,000 19,254,300 4 0.775 7,134 billion
($122B)		 369,150 ₽
($6328)		 12 Novosibirsk Sergey Menyaylo Asia
Far East May 18, 2000 6,169,300 6,291,900 1 0.794 3,757 billion
($64B)		 607,004 ₽
($10405)		 9 Khabarovsk Yury Trutnev Asia

Source:[8]

  1. ↑ Includes Crimea, annexed by Russia in 2014; recognized as a part of Ukraine by most of the international community.
  2. ↑ Population figures from the Crimean Census in 2014.[7] Crimea was annexed by Russia in 2014, after the 2010 Russian Census.

History

President Vladimir Putin established seven federal districts in May 2000.[9]

On January 19, 2010 the new North Caucasian Federal District split from the Southern Federal District.[8]

On March 2014, after the Russian military intervention in and annexation of Crimea, the Crimean Federal District was established.[10] The legality of this annexation is disputed by an overwhelming majority of countries.[11] On July 28, 2016 the Crimean Federal District was abolished and merged into the Southern Federal District in order to improve the governance.[12]

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

See also

References

  1. ↑ УКАЗ Президента РФ от 13.05.2000 N 849 "О ПОЛНОМОЧНОМ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОМ ОКРУГЕ". Graph.document.kremlin.ru (2000-05-13). Retrieved on 2013-08-20.
  2. ↑ "Russia: Federal Districts and Major Cities". City Population. Retrieved 24 April 2016.
  3. ↑ "1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г." [MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014]. Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators - 2015 (in Russian). Russian Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  4. ↑ https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/
  5. 1 2 http://mrd.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/mrd/ru/statistics/grp/
  6. ↑ Putin signs set of laws on reunification of Crimea, Sevastopol with Russia
  7. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 4, 2015. Retrieved February 13, 2016.
  8. 1 2 Президент Российской Федерации. Указ №849 от 13 мая 2000 г. «О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе». Вступил в силу 13 мая 2000 г. Опубликован: "Собрание законодательства РФ", №20, ст. 2112, 15 мая 2000 г. (President of the Russian Federation. Decree #849 of May 13, 2000 On the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in a Federal District. Effective as of May 13, 2000.).
  9. ↑ "The Russian Federation". BackGround Places. Russia Profile. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
  10. ↑ "В России создан Крымский федеральный округ". RBC. March 21, 2014.
  11. ↑ "NATO Secretary-General: Russia's Annexation of Crimea Is Illegal and Illegitimate". Brookings. March 19, 2014. Retrieved September 29, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Крымский федеральный округ включен в состав Южного федерального округа" (in Russian). Interfax. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  13. 1 2 3 "Игорь Холманских уволен с поста полпреда президента в Уральском федеральном округе" (in Russian). Meduza. 26 June 2018. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  14. ↑ "Владимир Путин назначил калининградского губернатора Николая Цуканова полпредом в Северо-Западном федеральном округе" (in Russian). Echo of Moscow. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  15. ↑ Ульянова, Жанна; Яна Милюкова (August 31, 2013). Дальнему Востоку подобрали нового управленца (in Russian). Gazeta.ru. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
  16. ↑ "Путин освободил Меняйло от должности губернатора Севастополя" (in Russian). Echo of Moscow. 28 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

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