Moscow Domodedovo Airport

Moscow Domodedovo Airport
Московский аэропорт Домодедово
Moskovskiĭ aėroport Domodedovo
Summary
Airport type Public
Operator East Line Group
Serves Moscow
Location Domodedovo
Opened 7 April 1962
Hub for
Focus city for
Time zone EEST (UTC+03:00)
Elevation AMSL 179 m / 588 ft
Coordinates 55°24′31″N 37°54′22″E / 55.40861°N 37.90611°E / 55.40861; 37.90611Coordinates: 55°24′31″N 37°54′22″E / 55.40861°N 37.90611°E / 55.40861; 37.90611
Website domodedovo.ru
Map
UUDD
Location in Moscow Oblast
UUDD
UUDD (Russia)
UUDD
UUDD (Europe)
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
14L/32R 3,793 12,444 Reinforced concrete
14R/32L 3,500 11,483 Cement-concrete
14C/32C 2,600 8,531 Concrete
Statistics (2017)
Passengers 30,700,000
Passenger change 16-17 Increase7.6%
Aircraft movements 234,700
Movements change 16-17 Increase4.2%
Sources: Domodedovo airport[1]

Moscow Domodedovo Airport (Russian: Московский аэропорт Домоде́дово, IPA: [dəmɐˈdʲɛdəvə]) (IATA: DME, ICAO: UUDD) is an international airport located on the territory of Domodedovo, Moscow Oblast, Russia, 42 kilometres (26 mi) south-southeast from the centre of Moscow. Domodedovo is one of the three major Moscow airports along with Sheremetyevo and Vnukovo, as well as one of the largest airports in Russia and the former USSR in terms of passenger and cargo traffic. In 2017, it served 30,700,000 passengers, an increase of 7.6% compared to 2016,[2] making it the second busiest airport in Russia after Sheremetyevo International Airport. Domodedovo is Moscow's only privately owned airport, believed to be owned by Russian businessman Dmitry Kamenshchik and Russian-Israeli businessman Valery Kogan.[3]

History

The airport is named after the town of Domodedovo, on the territory of which it is located.

Survey work on the construction of the new Capital Airport began in 1948, after a decision by the Politburo. It was then described as special "facility №306".

In 1951 preparatory work on construction began: cutting firebreaks, and construction of access roads, including roads from Paveletskaya.

A 1954 Resolution of the Council of Ministers of 13 November approved the proposal of the Main Directorate of the Civil Air Fleet under the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the construction of the second airport of the Moscow civil air fleet near the village Elgazin Podolsky (now Domodedovo) Moscow Oblast.

In 1958 a decree of the USSR Council of Ministers enabled completion of construction of the first stage of the airport in 1962.

In 1962 an Order of the Head of Main Directorate of Civil Aviation, issued on April 7 № 200 ("On the organization of the Moscow Domodedovo airport") ordered "organize as part of the Moscow Transport Aviation Management Directorate the new airport, and continue to call it the Moscow Domodedovo Airport". Therefore, April 7, 1962 is considered the official birthday of the airport. By the end of 1962, after the official approbation, the airport began flights by postal and cargo planes.

Services from Domodedovo began in March 1964 with a flight to Sverdlovsk using a Tupolev 104. The airport, intended to handle the growth of long-distance domestic traffic in the Soviet Union, was officially opened in May 1965. A second runway, parallel to the existing one, was put into service 18 months after the opening of the airport. On 26 December 1975, Domodedovo Airport was selected for the inaugural flight of the Tupolev Tu-144 to Alma Ata.

Domodedovo's terminal as it appeared in June 1974

In 1993–1994, East Line Group, founded by Urals entrepreneurs Anton Bakov and Dmitry Kamenschik,[4] who built capital in the early 1990s on hauling cargo from Asian countries to Russia, invested in several facilities at Domodedovo, including a new customs terminal and catering services.[5] In late 1996, Kamenschik-led East Line Group privatized the terminal facilities of Domodedovo Airport and formed JSC 'International Airport Domodedovo' and several other commercial entities controlling the airfield operations at the airport. Since 1998, the runways, air traffic control, and communication facilities are formally on a lease to the subsidiary of East Line Group. Later, in 2005 and 2008, the legality of these deals with East Line Group was contested by the Russian Rosimushchestvo government agency supervising the state property.[6]

East Line's strategic goal to stabilize the airport's future and to establish Domodedovo as an important international and multi-modal transportation hub was gradually achieved throughout the 2000s (decade). In the 2000s (decade), East Line Group began to heavily invest in reconstruction and modernization of the outdated airport facilities.

In 2000, as a result of reconstruction, the capacity of the airport complex has reached 6000 passengers per hour: MVL – 2800 passengers per hour, DAL – 3200 passengers per hour. As a result of this work Domodedovo airport terminal was the first in Russia to successfully pass the certification to ISO 9001:2000.

In 2003, the authoritative British magazine Airline Business has recognized the dynamics of growth in passenger traffic of Domodedovo highest among the 150 largest airports in the world. In 2004, the air harbor is among the hundred of the leading airports in the world, and by 2005 became the leader in terms of passenger traffic in the Moscow aviation hub and holds the palm for over 10 years.

By 2009, the terminal floor space was expanded to 135,000 sq. meters (1,453,000 ft2) from 70,000 sq. meters (753,000 ft2) in 2004. The renovated terminal and airport facilities allowed the owners of the airport to attract British Airways, El Al, Swiss International Air Lines, Japan Airlines, Austrian Airlines, and Vietnam Airlines who moved their flights from another major international Moscow airport, Sheremetyevo Airport, to Domodedovo. Domodedovo topped Sheremetyevo Airport in terms of passenger traffic becoming the busiest airport in Russia. By 2010, the traffic at Domodedovo spiked to over 22 million passengers per year from 2.8 million in 2000.[7]

Domodedovo is Russia's first airport to have parallel runways operating simultaneously.[8] Since the air traffic control tower was redeveloped in 2003, Domodedovo can control over 70 takeoffs and landings per hour. By late in the 1st decade of the 21st century, the airport had five business lounges set up by individual airlines.

Current main building

In 2003, the airport began an expansion program designed to obtain approval for wide-body aircraft operations. The runway, taxiways, and parking areas were enlarged and strengthened. In March 2009, it was announced that the approval had been granted, making Domodedovo Airport the first in Russia approved for new large aircraft (NLA) operations such as the Airbus A380. The approval signifies that its operations areas comply with size and strength requirements of ICAO Category F standards.[9] The airport has ILS category III A status.

Domodedovo Airport has been the focus of two terrorist-related incidents. In 2004, Muslim suicide bombers managed to pass airport security, board two passenger planes, and carry out the bombings after departure from Domodedovo. Despite the heightened security measures taken after this incident, another suicide bomber attack occurred on 24 January 2011, when an Islamist militant entered the terminal building and detonated a bomb in the arrival hall. As a result, mandatory screening and pat-down practices have been introduced at the airport terminal entrances.

The identity of East Line's owners controlling the operations at Domodedovo Airport was vague with traces leading to offshore companies.[10] However, in May 2011, Dmitry Kamenschik was disclosed to be the main beneficiary of East Line's assets.[11] At that time, Domodedovo Airport contemplated IPO,[12] however these plans were scrapped.[13]

Future development

As of January 2016, new concourse extensions adjacent to the current terminal building are under construction. The construction is projected to increase the overall size of the passenger terminal to 225,000 m2. The extensions are opened in stages in 2012–2014. In May 2015, the new extension of terminal A (the main building) was finished, which contains new offices, an airport lounge and new passport control desks, and it differs by design compared to other terminal parts. All concourses will remain connected and plan to increase the efficiency of the airport operations and passenger connections by using ICAO and IATA transfer technologies. Moreover, under the construction plans the new parking space is included, which will allow to accommodate under 1500 cars. The parking space is due to finish this year.

Terminal 2

New terminal under construction.

The first stage of Terminal 2 is being built as the part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup program, for international flights. When completed, the international flights operated at concourse B will all be shifted to the new segment, which will become the second segment of a new passenger terminal and will be twice the size of Terminal 5 at London Heathrow – the equivalent of 61 football fields. New premises area of 235,000 sq. meters (2,529,000 ft1) (segment T2) will be mounted to the left wing of the existing terminal. There will be about 100 check-in counters, 40 self check-in kiosk, as well as special jetways for the world's largest passenger aircraft Airbus A380. As a result, the total area of the passenger terminal (including the expansion of the current main segment T1) will increase by more than double to nearly 500,000 square meters.[14] It was designed by British company RMJM and uses the under-the-roof concept, which means that passengers from all flights will be serviced within a single terminal. One of Europe's largest air hubs – Amsterdam's Schiphol Airport – operates under this concept.[15] The construction was initially planned to be finished by March 2018, however, due to immediate change of the contractor, the construction delayed, significantly. During FIFA-2018, in new terminal will work only specific arrival and departure zones and they will work only for the football fans, travelling with the fan-passports. The terminal will fully finish its construction with all remaining parts by August 2018[16].

Terminal 3 & Aeroexpress Terminal

Currently, the part of the airport terminal which is used as the entrance to the Aeroexpress platform is under reconstruction; the old platform is being demolished and shifted into the new one, with a temporary terminal,which will operate during the reconstruction process. This is being done to connect two parking sectors: major and on the right side of the railway line; construct a new bigger terminal; and to form another exit, direct from the baggage claim at domestic arrivals. Moreover, the path to the Aeroexpress platform is planned to be underground. This will allow to form the perspective project of the new Terminal 3, construction of which is planned to commence in 2018, after finishing the construction of Terminal 2. The Aeroexpress Terminal is planned to be fully finished by first quarter of 2018. According to the schedule, T-3 is planned to be bigger than T-2.[17]

Airport facilities

Terminals

Domodedovo Airport has one terminal building comprising two separate concourses for domestic (and some former Soviet republic countries) and international flights. It has 22 jetways altogether. When Terminal 2 is completed, the number of jet bridges will rise to 33.

Duty-free shops

Both concourses A and B contain Duty Free facilities, with a wider selection at concourse A, because of the international destinations served there. At concourse B the selection is narrower, because of the domestic destinations. The duty-free selection will be expanded after Terminal 2 commences operations. The contract for operating at the duty-free shops in Terminal 2 was won by Heinemann Duty Free.

Hotel

In September 2017 a new hotel was opened inside the airport terminal ("Aerotel Express"). This allows passengers transiting through Moscow to stay at a hotel without exiting the terminal (previously transit passengers had to leave the terminal and use a shuttle van to access the nearest hotel). This was the first hotel inside an airport terminal in Russia.[18][19]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter services to and from Domodedovo:[20]

AirlinesDestinations
Aegean Airlines Athens, Thessaloniki
Seasonal: Corfu,[21] Heraklion, Rhodes, Kalamata
Aigle Azur Paris–Orly[22]
Air Arabia Sharjah
Air Italy Milan–Malpensa (ends 15 October 2018),[23] Olbia
Air Manas Bishkek
Air Moldova Chişinău
Alrosa Mirny Air Enterprise Mirny, Novosibirsk, Polyarny
Austrian Airlines Vienna
Seasonal: Innsbruck
Avia Traffic Company Bishkek, Osh
Azerbaijan Airlines Baku
Azur Air Seasonal charter: Barcelona, Nha Trang (Cam Ranh), Dubai–Al Maktoum, Goa–Dabolim, Phuket, Punta Cana, Sanya, Varadero (all flights end 28 October 2018)[24]
Belavia Minsk
British Airways London–Heathrow
Brussels Airlines Brussels
El Al Tel Aviv–Ben Gurion
EgyptAir Cairo[25]
Emirates Dubai–International
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
FlyOne Chişinău
Gulf Air Bahrain
Iberia Seasonal: Madrid[26]
IrAero Barnaul, Irkutsk, Omsk, Vladivostok
Izhavia Izhevsk
Japan Airlines Tokyo–Narita
Komiaviatrans Syktyvkar, Ukhta, Usinsk
Seasonal: Naryan-Mar, Uray
LOT Polish Airlines Warsaw–Chopin[27][28]
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Montenegro Airlines Tivat
Nordavia Arkhangelsk, Murmansk, Makhachkala
Seasonal: Simferopol, Sochi
NordStar Anapa, Krasnoyarsk–Yemelyanovo, Makhachkala, Mineralnye Vody, Norilsk, Sochi, Saint Petersburg
Seasonal charter: Batumi, Tivat, Varna
Oman Air Muscat (begins 28 October 2018)[29]
Pegasus Airlines Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen
Pskovavia Pskov
Qatar Airways Doha[30]
Red Wings Airlines Astrakhan,[31] Belgrade,[32] Fergana, Kutaisi, Namangan, Navoi, Makhachkala, Novosibirsk, Simferopol, Sochi, Ufa,[33] Yerevan[34]
Seasonal: Batumi, Kaliningrad
Seasonal charter: Dubai–Al Maktoum, Rimini
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca[35]
Royal Jordanian Amman–Queen Alia
S7 Airlines Abakan, Alicante, Anapa, Antalya,[36] Aşgabat, Astrakhan, Baku, Barcelona, Batumi, Berlin–Tegel, Burgas, Catania,[37] Chelyabinsk, Düsseldorf, Irkutsk, Kaliningrad, Kazan, Khujand, Kokshetau,[38] Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk–Yemelyanovo, Kulob,[39] Lipetsk,[40] Mineralnye Vody, Munich, Murmansk,[41] Nadym, Naples, Nizhnekamsk, Nizhnevartovsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Novokuznetsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Oral,[42] Oskemen, Palma de Mallorca, Paphos, Pavlodar, Penza,[43] Perm, Petrozavodsk,[44] Pisa, Rome–Fiumicino,[45] Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Samarkand,[46] Saransk,[47] Saratov, Sochi, Saint Petersburg, Stavropol, Tashkent,[48] Tbilisi, Tenerife–South,[49] Tivat, Tomsk, Tyumen, Ufa, Urgench, Ürümqi, Varna, Verona, Vladikavkaz, Volgograd, Voronezh, Yekaterinburg, Yerevan
Seasonal: Barnaul, Cagliari,[50][51] Dubrovnik, Genoa, Ibiza, Innsbruck, Kos,[52] Málaga, Olbia,[53][54] Plovdiv, Pula, Rhodes, Salzburg, Taraz, Turin, Ulan–Ude, Valencia, Yakutsk
S7 Airlines
operated by Globus
Barnaul, Bratsk, Chişinău (ends 15 October 2018), Chita, Düsseldorf, Gorno–Altaysk, Kemerovo, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk–Yemelyanovo, Larnaca, Mineralnye Vody, Mirny, Nizhnevartovsk, Norilsk, Novosibirsk, Novy Urengoy, Osh, Paphos, Simferopol, Sochi, Saint Petersburg, Tivat, Ulan–Ude, Verona
Seasonal: Anapa, Bari,[55] Chambéry, Genoa, Pula, Reykjavík–Keflavík,[56][57] Yerevan, Yakutsk
Severstal Air Company Cherepovets
Seasonal: Kirovsk/Apatity
Singapore Airlines Singapore, Stockholm–Arlanda
Somon Air Dushanbe, Khujand
Swiss International Air Lines Geneva, Zürich
Tajik Air Dushanbe, Khujand
TAP Air Portugal Lisbon
Thai Airways Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi[58][59]
Turkmenistan Airlines Ashgabat
Ural Airlines Barnaul, Bishkek, Bukhara (begins 30 October 2018),[60] Chelyabinsk, Chita, Frankfurt,[61] Irkutsk, Kaliningrad, Karshi, Kazan, Kulob, Kutaisi, Lankaran, Larnaca, Mineralnye Vody, Novosibirsk, Nukus, Omsk, Osh, Rimini, Rostov-on-Don, Saint Petersburg, Tomsk, Yekaterinburg, Yerevan
Seasonal: Barcelona, Dalaman, Dubai–International, Eilat–Ovda, Gyumri, Lisbon, Tivat, Ulan-Ude
Seasonal charter: Antalya, Bologna
UVT Aero Bugulma, Gelendzhik
Uzbekistan Airways Andijan, Bukhara, Fergana, Namangan, Navoiy, Nukus, Qarshi, Samarkand, Tashkent, Termez,[62] Urgench (all end 28 October 2018)[63]
Vietnam Airlines Hanoi
Vueling Barcelona
Yamal Airlines Krasnoyarsk–Yemelyanovo, Nadym, Novy Urengoy, Noyabrsk, Salekhard, Saint Petersburg, Tyumen

Cargo

AirlinesDestinations
AirBridgeCargo Airlines Amsterdam, Beijing–Capital, Chengdu, Chicago–O'Hare, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Krasnoyarsk–Yemelyanovo, Maastricht, Milan–Malpensa, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Saint Petersburg, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Tokyo–Narita, Yekaterinburg, Zaragoza, Zhengzhou
EgyptAir Cargo Cairo
Emirates SkyCargo Dubai–Al Maktoum
Etihad Cargo Abu Dhabi, Milan–Malpensa
Lufthansa Cargo Frankfurt, Istanbul–Atatürk
Suparna Airlines Cargo Luxembourg City, Shanghai–Pudong

Statistics

Annual traffic

Annual Passenger Traffic[64]
Year Passengers % Change
201022,254,529Steady
201125,701,610Increase 15.5%
201228,000,000Increase 9%
201330,760,000Increase 10%
201433,039,531Increase 7.5%
201530,504,515Decrease -7.7%
201628,366,800Decrease -7%
201730,700,000Increase 7.6%

Other facilities

Ground transportation

Rail

The new Aeroexpress platform

Moscow Aeroexpress
Aeroport Vnukovo railway station
Aeroport
Moscow Kiyevskaya  3   4   5 
Moscow Belorusskaya  2   5 
Moscow Savelovskaya  9  11 
Sheremetyevo railway station
Lobnya railway station
Moscow Kalanchyovskaya  1   5 
Moscow Kurskaya  3  10   5 
Moscow Paveletskaya  2   5 
Aeroport Domodedovo railway station

The airport has a railway station with service to the Paveletsky Rail Terminal in central Moscow. The rail connection, which was completed in 2002, provides nonstop Aeroexpress trains (takes 45 min; coach class costs 470 rubles, business class costs 1000 rubles).
Regular suburban commuter trains in the Paveletsky suburban direction of Moscow Railway take 65 to 70 min and cost 99 rubles, but are infrequent during the day.

Bus

Connection to Moscow is served by bus 308 (ample luggage room) and commercial marshrutka minivans (more frequent departures): to Domodedovskaya of Moscow Metro Zamoskvoretskaya Line (#2). The fare is 150 rubles (eq. to 2 US$), travel time around 45 minutes.

Local buses 11, 26, 30 link to nearby towns and connect to the railway station in the Paveletsky suburban direction of Moscow Railway at Domodedovo municipality.

Bus 999 is South-East bound and connects the airport to Bronnitsy, Kolomna and Ryazan.

Road

The airport has several long and short term parking lots. The terminal itself is accessed from the junction of Moscow Ring Road and Kashirskoye Highway via a designated 22 kilometer (14 mi) four-lane freeway. Licensed taxi, limo services, and car rental (Hertz, Avis, and Sixt) providers are available at the counters of the arrival hall. Uber, Gett, Yandex.Taxi and local E-hailing applications can be used and may offer flat rate trips to anywhere in Moscow.

Accidents and incidents

See also

References

Citations

  1. "Domodedovo statistic 2017". Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  2. "Year to date Passenger Traffic". Domodedovo airport. 2018-01-19.
  3. "Владельца аэропорта Домодедово посадили под домашний арест". Meduza. 20 February 2016.
  4. (in Russian) Ветеран обороны Домодедово — «Коммерсантъ», 7.10.2013
  5. "Домодедово", откройся! (in Russian). Vedomosti. 10 May 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  6. Росимущество вышло на аренду (in Russian). Kommersant. 7 April 2008. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  7. "Московский аэропорт Домодедово провел интерлайн-конференцию "DME Connections 2011"" (in Russian). Domodedovo Airport. Press release. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  8. "Simultaneous parallel departures for the first time ever in Russia". Archived from the original on 30 September 2011.
  9. Heavy Metal, Aviation Week & Space Technology, 70, 10 (9 March 2009), p. 14
  10. Генеральной прокуратурой Российской Федерации по поручению Президента Российской Федерации проведена проверка организаций, занимающихся аэропортовой деятельностью в "Домодедово" (in Russian). Office of the Prosecutor General of Russian Federation. 30 April 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  11. "Домодедово" раскрыл тайну собственника (in Russian). Kommersant. 18 May 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  12. "Domodedovo: storms clouds at bay". Financial Times. 23 May 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  13. "Domodedovo: Another Russian IPO kicks the bucket". Financial Times. 30 May 2011. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
  14. "Росавиация начала строить новую полосу в "Домодедово"". Vedomosti. 14 August 2011. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  15. "В Домодедово не построят к ЧМ-2018 часть аэродромной зоны у терминала T2". interfax.ru. 20 March 2018.
  16. "Аэропорт Домодедово продолжит расширяться". domodedovod.ru (in Russian). 1 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  17. ""Аэротель Экспресс" открылся в аэропорту "Домодедово". 35 номеров и гибкие тарифы для пассажиров и гостей аэровокзала". Hotelier.pro. 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
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  23. Montag-Girmes, Polina (4 October 2018). "Russia's Azur Air moves operations to Moscow Vnukovo airport". atwonline.com. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
  24. Liu, Jim (22 March 2018). "EGYPTAIR resumes Moscow service from April 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
  25. "Iberia cambia la programación de sus vuelos a/desde Moscú". Iberia.com. 20 July 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2018.
  26. Liu, Jim (1 February 2018). "LOT Polish Airlines adds Moscow Domodedovo from June 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
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  28. Liu, Jim (10 May 2018). "Oman Air plans Moscow launch in late-October 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
  29. Liu, Jim (5 December 2017). "Qatar Airways resumes 3rd daily Moscow service from mid-Dec 2017". Routesonline. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  30. "Red Wings в апреле начнет летать из Москвы в Астрахань". Interfax. 22 March 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2018.
  31. https://booking.flyredwings.com/websky/#/schedule
  32. Liu, Jim (12 April 2017). "Red Wings adds new routes in S17". Routesonline. Retrieved 12 April 2017.
  33. Liu, Jim (2 March 2018). "Red Wings plans Armenia launch from March 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
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  39. Liu, Jim (25 May 2017). "S7 Airlines planned E170 operations in 2017 as of 24MAY17". Routesonline. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  40. Liu, Jim (13 July 2017). "S7 Airlines adds Moscow – Murmansk service from Aug 2017". Routesonline. Retrieved 15 July 2017.
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  45. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME) <-> Uzbekistan, Samarkand (SKD)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  46. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME) <-> Russia, Saransk (SKX)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
  47. Liu, Jim (17 August 2018). "S7 Airlines adds Moscow – Tashkent link from Aug 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 17 August 2018.
  48. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME) <-> Spain, Tenerife, Sur Reina Sofia (TFS)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
  49. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME)SwapItaly, Cagliari, Cagliari Elmas (CAG)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
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  51. Liu, Jim (31 October 2016). "S7 adds new Moscow – Europe routes in S17". Routesonline. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
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  53. Liu, Jim (4 October 2017). "S7 Airlines adds seasonal Moscow – Olbia route in S18". Routesonline. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  54. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME) <-> Italy, Bari, Palese Macchie (BRI)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  55. "Russia, Moscow, Domodedovo (DME) <-> Iceland, Reykjavik, Keflavik (KEF)". S7.ru. S7 Airlines. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
  56. Liu, Jim (10 November 2017). "S7 Airlines adds seasonal Iceland service in S18". Routesonline. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
  57. Wood, Andrew (19 September 2016). "THAI launches two new services to Tehran and Moscow". TravelDailyNews. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
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  59. https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/280827/ural-airlines-adds-moscow-domodedovo-bukhara-route-in-w18/
  60. Liu, Jim (13 April 2018). "Ural Airlines schedules Frankfurt from late-May 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  61. Liu, Jim (7 June 2018). "Uzbekistan Airways increases Termez – Moscow service in Juny/July 2018". Routesonline. Retrieved 7 June 2018.
  62. "Uzbekistan Airways переведет московские рейсы из Домодедово во Внуково". Авиатранспортное обозрение (in Russian). 3 October 2018. Retrieved 4 October 2018.
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