Dao'an

Dao'an
道安
Religion Buddhism
Temple White Horse Temple
Tanxi Temple
Wuchong Temple (379–385)
Dharma names Dao'an
Personal
Nationality Chinese
Born 312
Jizhou District, Hengshui, Hebei, China
Died 385 (aged 72–73)
Chang'an, Shaanxi, China
Religious career
Teacher Fotucheng (佛圖澄)
Students Huiyuan
Huichi

Dao'an (Chinese: 道安; pinyin: Dào'ān; Wade–Giles: Tao-an; 312–385) was a Buddhist monk, author, and bibliographer, during the Eastern Jin dynasty. He was from what is now Hebei.[1] His main importance was that of overseer of translation of Buddhist texts into Chinese; organizer of the Chinese sangha; author of exegetical works; and compiler of the most important early catalogue of Chinese Buddhist translation in 374. Although this catalogue is itself lost, Sengyou reproduces much of it in his catalogue (T2145) completed in 515.

Dao'an is thought of as the founder of the cult of Maitreya in China.[2]

Life

According to his traditional biography, after the loss of his parents he was raised by an elder cousin. Dao'an left home to join the monastic order at twelve. Ca. 335 CE he visited Linzhang and became a disciple of the famous Kuchean monk and missionary Fotudeng (232-348).[3][4] He was active in Xiangyang until the Former Qin ruler Fu Jian captured the city in 379 and brought Dao'an to Chang'an. He spent the last years of life translating and interpreting scripture as well as compiling a catalogue of scriptures. He also advocated that all monks and nuns take Shi 釋 as a surname, from the first character of Gautama Buddha's title in Chinese, Shìjiāmóuní (Chinese: 釋迦牟尼 "Śākyamuni").

References

  1. ↑ Buswell, Robert Jr; Lopez, Donald S. Jr., eds. (2013). "Dao’an", in Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 213. ISBN 9780691157863.
  2. ↑ Digital Dictionary of Buddhism. http://www.buddhism-dict.net/cgi-bin/xpr-ddb.pl?q=道安
  3. ↑ Martha Cheung Pui Yiu,; Lin Wusun (2014). An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation (Version 1): From Earliest Times to the Buddhist Project. Routledge. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-1-317-63928-2.
  4. ↑ Knechtges, David R. (ed.) (2013). Ancient and Early Medieval Chinese Literature (vol. 2): A Reference Guide, Part Two. BRILL. pp. 888–889. ISBN 978-90-04-20164-4.
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