D-Glyceric acidemia

D-Glyceric acidemia
Synonyms D-glycerate kinase deficiency
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner

D-Glyceric Acidemia (a.k.a. D-Glyceric Aciduria) is an inherited disease, in the category of inborn errors of metabolism. It is caused by a mutation in the gene GLYCTK, which encodes for the enzyme glycerate kinase.

Pathophysiology

Glycerate kinase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of D-glyceric acid (a.k.a. D-glycerate) to 2-phosphoglycerate. This conversion is an intermediary reaction found in several metabolic pathways, including the degradation (break-down; catabolism) of serine,[1] as well as the breakdown of fructose.[2]

A deficiency in glycerate kinase activity leads to the accumulation of D-glyceric acid (a.k.a. D-glycerate) in bodily fluids and tissues.[3] D-glyceric acid can be measured in a laboratory that performs "analyte testing" for "organic acids" in blood (plasma) and urine.[4]

Symptoms of the disease (in its most severe form) include progressive neurological impairment, mental/motor retardation, hypotonia, seizures, failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis.[5]

D-Glyceric Acidemia should not be confused with L-Glyceric Acidemia (a.k.a. L-glyceric aciduria, a.k.a. primary hyperoxaluria type II ), which is associated with mutations in the GRHPR (encoding for the enzyme 'glyoxylate reductase/hydroxypyruvate reductase').[6][7]

References

  1. ↑ "Biochem. J. (2003) 371, 653-661 - T.J. de Koning and others - l-Serine in disease and development".
  2. ↑ "Inborn errors of fructose metabolism". Am J Clin Nutr. 58: 788S.
  3. ↑ "GLYCTK - glycerate kinase - Genetics Home Reference".
  4. ↑ "GeneTests: Search Results".
  5. ↑
  6. ↑
  7. ↑
Classification
External resources
  • Genetics Home Reference (National Library of Medicine) (information on D-glyceric acidemia and the GLYCTK gene)
  • OMIM (information on GLYCTK gene, encoding Glycerate Kinase)
  • GeneTests (information on genetic testing for D-Glyceric Acidemia)
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