Comparison of orbital launchers families
This page contains a list of orbital launchers' families. To see the long complete list of launch systems, see Comparison of orbital launch systems.
Description
- Family: Name of the family/model of launcher
- Country: Origin country of launcher
- Manufac.: Main manufacturer
- Payload: Maximum mass of payload, for 3 altitudes
- LEO, low Earth orbit
- GTO, geostationary transfer orbit
- TLI, trans-Lunar injection
- Cost: Price for a launch at this time, in millions of US$
- Launches reaching...
- Total: flights which lift-off, or where the vehicle is destroyed during the terminal count
note: only includes orbital launches (flights launched with the intention of reaching orbit). Suborbital tests launches are not included in this listing. - Space (regardless of outcome)
- Any orbit (regardless of outcome)
- Target orbit (without damage to the payload)
- Total: flights which lift-off, or where the vehicle is destroyed during the terminal count
- Status: Actual status of launcher (retired, development, active)
- Date of flight
- First: Year of first flight of first family's member
- Last: Year of Last flight (for vehicles retired from service)
- Refs: citations
Same cores are grouped together (like Ariane 1, 2 & 3, but not V).
List of launchers families
- Legend
- ActiveIn developmentRetiredHas flown but new version in dev.
| Family | Country | Manufac. | Payload (kg) | Cost (US$, millions) |
Launches reaching… | Status | Date of flight | Refs | Notes | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO | GTO | TLI | Total | Space | Any orbit | Target orbit | First | Last | |||||||
| Angara 1.2 |  |
Khrunichev | 3,800 | -- | -- | 25 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- | Active | 2014 | -- | [1][2][3] | As of 2017, only launch was suborbital[4] |
| Angara A5 | |
Khrunichev | 14,600 to 35,000 |
3,600 to 12,500 |
-- | -- | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2014 | -- | [1][5] | |
| Antares |  |
Orbital ATK | 6,500 | -- | -- | 80 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | Active | 2013 | -- | [6][7][8] | Cygnus launcher |
| Ariane 1-2-3 |  |
Aérospatiale | -- | 2,650 | -- | -- | 28 | Retired | 1979 | 1989 | [9][10] | ||||
| Ariane 4 | |
Aérospatiale | 7,000 | 4,720 | -- | -- | 116 | -- | -- | Retired | 1988 | 2003 | [10] | Var: 40, 42P. 42L, 44P, 44L, 44LP | |
| Ariane 5 | |
Airbus | 21,000 | 10,735[11] | -- | 220 | 76 | 74 | 74 | 72 | Active | 1996 | -- | [12][13] | Var: G,G+,GS, ECA, ES. |
| Ariane 6 | |
Airbus Safran | -- | 10,500 | -- | 115 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | 2020 | -- | Var: Ariane 62 & Ariane 64. | |
| ASLV |  |
ISRO | 150 | -- | -- | -- | 4 | -- | -- | Retired | 1987 | 1994 | [14] | ||
| Athena I & II | |
Lockheed ATK | 2,065 | -- | 295 | -- | 7 | -- | -- | Retired | 1995 | 2001 | [15] | Launch Lunar Prospector.[16] | |
| Atlas A-B-C-D-E-F-G Atlas I |
|
Lockheed | 5,900 | 2,340 | -- | -- | 514 | -- | -- | Retired | 1957 | 1997 | [17][18][19][20] | Launch Mercury. Atlas or Centaur upper stage. | |
| Atlas II | |
Lockheed | 8,618 | 3,833 | -- | -- | 63 | 63 | 63 | Retired | 1991 | 2004 | [21][22][23] | ||
| Atlas III | |
Lockheed | 10,759 | 4,609 | -- | -- | 6 | 6 | 6 | Retired | 2003 | 2005 | [24][25] | variants: IIIA, IIIB | |
| Atlas V | |
ULA | 18,850 | 8,900 | 2,807 | 109-153 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | Active | 2002 | [26][27] | Launched Juno & New Horizons | |
| BFR | |
SpaceX | 100,000+ | -- | 100,000+[lower-alpha 1] | -- | 0 | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | 2020 | -- | [28][29][30][31] | Fully reusable. Expected as early as 2020, with suborbital spaceship tests beginning in the first half of 2019. |
| Black Arrow |  |
RAE Westland | 132 | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | Retired | 1969 | 1971 | [32] | |||
| Delta | |
Douglas | 3,848 | 1,312 | -- | -- | 186 | -- | -- | Retired | 1960 | 1989 | [33][34] | Launched Pioneer & Explorer probes. Variants : A, B, C, D, E, G, J, L, M, N, 300, 900, 1X00, 4X00, 2X00, 3X00, 5X00 | |
| Delta II | |
ULA | 6,000 | 2,171 | 1,508 | 51 | 153 | 152 | 152 | 151 | Retired | 1989 | 2018 | [33][35][36] | Launched Mars probes MGS to Phoenix Variants : 6000, 7000 and Heavy. |
| Delta III | |
Boeing | 8,290 | 3,810 | -- | -- | 3 | 2 | 2 | Retired | 1998 | 2000 | [37][38] | ||
| Delta IV | |
ULA | 23,040 | 13,130 | 9,000 | -- | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | Active | 2002 | -- | [39] | Variants : M, M+ and Heavy. |
| Diamant |  |
SEREB | -- | -- | -- | 12 | 9 | Retired | 1965 | 1975 | |||||
| R-36M |  |
Yuzhmash | 3,600 | -- | 750 | 14 | 17 | Retired | 1999 | 2015 | [40][41] [42] |
||||
| Electron |  |
Rocket Lab | 225 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2017 | -- | [43] | |||
| Energia |  |
NPO Energia | 100,000 | 240 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Retired | 1987 | 1988 | [44] | 1 partial failure with Polyus spacecraft, 1 successful flight with Buran shuttle. | ||
| Epsilon |  |
IHI Corporation | 1,200 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2013 | -- | [45][46] | |
| Falcon 1 | |
SpaceX | 420[47] | -- | -- | 7.9[47] | 5[48] | 4[47] | 2[47] | 2[48] | Retired[47] | 2006 | 2009 | ||
| Falcon 9 v1.0, v1.1, FT, B5 |
|
SpaceX | 22,800 | 8,300 | -- | 61.2 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 56 | Active | 2010 | -- | [49][50] | upgrade to version 1.1 in 2013; upgrade to version FT in 2015 Launcher of Dragon capsule * notes: One flight put primary but not secondary payload into correct orbit,[51] one rocket and payload were destroyed before launch in preparation for static fire[52] and thus is not counted. Falcon 9 Block 5 first launched 11th May 2018 with Bangabandhu 1, the first fully sized Bangladesh satellite. |
| Falcon Heavy | |
SpaceX | 63,800 | 26,700 | -- | 90-150 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | Active | 2018 | -- | [53][54][55] | First test launch 2018-02-06 |
| GSLV Mk.I | |
ISRO | 5,000 | 2,500 | -- | -- | 6 | 4 | 2 | 2 | Retired | 2001 | 2010 | [56][57][58] | |
| GSLV Mk.II | |
ISRO | 5,000 | 2,700 | -- | -- | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | Active | 2010 | -- | [56][59][58] | |
| GSLV Mk.III (LVM3) | |
ISRO | 10,000 | 4,000 | -- | -- | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | Active | 2014 | -- | [60][61] | First Developmental Flight with active cryogenic upper stage successful |
| H-I | |
Mitsubishi | 3,200 | -- | -- | 9 | 9 | Retired | 1986 | 1992 | [62] | license-built version of the Thor-ELT | |||
| H-II, IIA & IIB | |
Mitsubishi | 19,000 | 8,000 | -- | -- | 28 | 26 | Active | 1994 | -- | [63] | Var:. A202,A2022,A2024,A204,B | ||
| Haas |  |
ARCA | 400 | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | 2018 | -- | [64][65] | Launch from balloon | |
| J-I | |
IHI Corporation Nissan Motors | 880 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | Retired | 1996 | 1996 | Partial demo flight only | ||||
| R-12 & R-14 | |
Yuzhnoye Polyot | 1,500 | -- | -- | 12 | 610 | -- | -- | 559 | Retired | 1967 | 2010 | [13][66][67] | Var: 1, 2, 3, 3M |
| Kaituozhe |  |
CALT | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 0 | Active | 2002 | Var: 1, 2 | |||||
| Lambda 4S | |
Nissan ISAS | -- | -- | -- | 5 | 1 | Retired | 1966 | 1970 | |||||
| Long March 1 | |
CALT | 740 | 440 | -- | -- | 6 | -- | -- | Retired | 1970 | 2002 | [68][69][70] | Var: 1, 1D | |
| DF-5 | |
CALT | 12,000 | 5,500 | 3,300 | -- | 167 | 158 | -- | -- | Active | 1971 | -- | [71] | Var: 2A,2C,2D,2E,3,3A,3B,3C,4,4B Launcher of Shenzhou |
| Long March 5 | |
CALT | 25,000 | 14,000 | 8,000 | -- | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2016 | -- | [72][73] | Var: 5, 5B |
| Long March 6 | |
CALT | 1,500 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2015 | -- | [74] | |
| Long March 7 | |
CALT | 20,000 | -- | -- | -- | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Active | 2016 | -- | [75] | |
| Minotaur I | |
Orbital ATK | 580 | -- | -- | -- | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | Active | 2000 | -- | [76][77] | Derived from the Minuteman II |
| Minotaur IV & V | |
Orbital ATK | 1,735 | 640 | 447 | 50 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | Active | 2010 | -- | [76][78] | Also 2 suborbital launches (HTV-2a). Variants: IV, IV Lite, IV HAPS, V. Derived from Peacekeeper missile |
| Mu 1-3-4 | |
Nissan Motor IHI | 770 | -- | -- | -- | 27 | -- | -- | Retired | 1966 | 1995 | [79] | Var: 1, 3D, 4S, 3C, 3H, 3S, 3SII | |
| Mu 5 | |
Nissan Motor IHI | 1,800 | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 6 | Retired | 1997 | 2006 | Var: M-V, M-V KM | |||
| N1 | |
NPO Energia | 90,000 | -- | 23,500 | -- | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Retired | 1969 | 1972 | [80] | Designed for Soviet Manned Lunar Mission |
| N-I & II | |
Mitsubishi | 2,000 | 730 | -- | -- | 15 | -- | -- | Retired | 1975 | 1987 | [81] | Derived from the American Delta rocket | |
| Naro |  |
Khrunichev KARI | 100 | -- | -- | -- | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | Retired | 2009 | 2013 | [82] | First stage uses the Russian RD-151 engine |
| Pegasus | |
Orbital ATK | 450 | -- | -- | -- | 43 | 42 | 41 | 38 | Active | 1990 | -- | [83] | |
| UR-500 Proton | |
Khrunichev | 23,000 | 6,920 | 5,680 | -- | 399 | 353 | -- | Active | 1965 | -- | [84][85] | Var: K, M. Medium in development. | |
| PSLV | |
ISRO | 3,800 | 1,300 | -- | -- | 40 | 40 | 39 | 38 | Active | 1993 | [86][87] | Var: CA, XL, HP, 3S Launched moon probe Chandrayaan I, Mars probe Mangalyaan I | |
| UR-100N Rokot Strela | |
Eurockot Khrunichev | 2,100 | -- | -- | -- | 25 | 23 | 23 | Active | 1994 | -- | [88][89][90][91] | 23 launches of Rokot; 2 launches of Strela | |
| Safir |  |
ISA | 50 | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 5 | 4 | 4 | Active | 2007 | -- | [92] | |
| Saturn I & IB | |
Chrysler Douglas | 18,600 | -- | -- | 19 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | Retired | 1961 | 1975 | [93][94] | Saturn 1 family also included 6 suborbital test launches |
| Saturn V | |
Boeing North American Douglas | 118,000 | -- | 47,000 | 185 | 13 | 13 | 13 | Retired | 1967 | 1973 | [93][95][96] | Var: Apollo, Skylab | |
| Scout | |
US Air Force NASA | 210 | -- | -- | -- | 125 | 104 | -- | -- | Retired | 1960 | 1994 | [97] | Var: X1, X2, A, D, G |
| Shavit |  |
IAI | 225 | -- | -- | 15 | 10 | 8 | 8 | 8 | Active | 1988 | -- | [98] | Var: Shavit, -1, -2 |
| R-29 | |
Makeyev | 430 | -- | -- | -- | 8 | -- | -- | Retired | 1995 | 2006 | [99] | Var: Volna, Shtil, 2.1, 2R, 3 | |
| R-7 Semyorka Soyuz | |
RSC Energia TsSKB-Progress | 8,200 | 2,400 | 1,200 | -- | 1,854 | -- | -- | Active | 1957 | -- | [100] [101] | Var: Sputnik, Luna, Vostok-L, Vostok-K, Voskhod, Molniya, Molniya-L, Molniya-M, Polyot, Soyuz, Soyuz-L, Soyuz-M, Soyuz-U, Soyuz-FG, Soyuz-2, Soyuz-2-1v | |
| Simorgh | |
ISA | 350 | -- | -- | -- | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Active | 2016 | -- | [102] | |
| SLS | |
Orbital ATK Boeing United Launch Alliance Aerojet Rocketdyne | 70,000 to 130,000 |
-- | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | 2020 | -- | [103][104] | Expected 2020 |
| SLV | |
ISRO | 40 | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | Retired | 1979 | 1983 | [105] | Launched Rohini satellite series |
| SS-520 | |
IHI Aerospace | 4 | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2017 | -- | [106] | Two successful suborbital flights, one failed and one successful attempt to reach orbit. A test how small orbital rockets can be. The rocket has a mass of only 2.6 tonnes. | |
| STS Space Shuttle |
|
Alliant Martin Marietta Rockwell | 24,400 | 3,810 | -- | 450 | 135 | 134 | 134 | 133 | Retired | 1981 | 2011 | [107] | Orbiter mass: 68585 kg. |
| RT-2PM | |
MITT | 532 | -- | -- | -- | 7 | 6 | Active | 1993 | -- | [108] | |||
| Taurus / Minotaur-C | |
Orbital Sciences | 1,450 | -- | -- | -- | 9 | 9 | 6 | 6 | Active | 1989 | -- | [109] | Var:2110, 3110, 3210 |
| Thor | |
Douglas | 1,270 | -- | 38 | -- | 357 | -- | -- | Retired | 1957 | 1980 | [34] | Launched Pioneer & Explorer probes | |
| LGM-25C | |
Martin Marietta | 21,900 | 5,773 | 8,600 | 350 | 369 | -- | -- | Retired | 1959 | 2005 | [110][111] | Var: I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, IIID, IIIE, 34D, IVA, IVB Gemini launcher | |
| R-36 | |
Yuzhmash | 4,100 | -- | -- | -- | 259 | -- | -- | Retired | 1967 | 2009 | [112] | Var: 1, 2, 3. | |
| Unified Launch Vehicle | |
ISRO | 15,000 | 6,200 | -- | -- | 0 | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | -- | -- | [113] | Var: 6S12, 2S60, 2S138, 2S200 |
| Unha-3 |  |
KCST | 200 | -- | -- | -- | 4 | 3 | 2 | ? | Active | 2006 | -- | [114][115] | Variants: Paektusan based on Taepodong-1 missile; Unha based on Taepodong-2 missile. |
| Vanguard | |
Martin | 23 | -- | -- | -- | 12 | -- | 3 | Retired | 1957 | 1959 | [116] | ||
| Vega | |
Avio | 2,300 | -- | -- | 23 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | Active | 2012 | -- | [117] | Vega-C and Vega-E in development. |
| VLM |  |
CTA | 380 | -- | -- | -- | Devel. | 2019 | -- | [118] | |||||
| Vulcan | |
ULA | -- | 15,100[119] | -- | 99 | 0 | -- | -- | Devel. | 2019 | [120][121] | |||
| Zenit | |
Yuzhnoye | 13,740 | 6,160 | 4,098 | -- | 82 | 71 | 69 | Active | 1985 | -- | [122] | Var: 2, 2M (2SB, 2SLB), 3SL, 3SLB, 3SLBF | |
See also
Notes
- ↑ With in-orbit refueling
References
- 1 2 "Angara launchers family on manufacturer website". Khrunichev.ru. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
- ↑ The market for launching small satellite in Russia... Archived 2014-12-24 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ "Angara, Russia's brand-new launch vehicle, is successfully launched from Plesetsk". Khrunichev. Retrieved 2014-09-21.
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- ↑ http://www.russianspaceweb.com/angara5_flight1.html Angara-5 takes to the sky
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- 1 2 "Thor Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
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- ↑ Delta IV Heavy Delta IV
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Russian officials have said they plan to discontinue Dnepr launches.
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- ↑ JAXA pages: Epsilon Design E Archived 2013-06-10 at the Wayback Machine., and Result E
- ↑ JAXA, Epsilon E press package
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- ↑ ISRO GSLV Archived 2014-02-08 at the Wayback Machine.
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- ↑ "CZ-1". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
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- ↑
Space.com staff (30 July 2012). "China Tests Powerful Rocket Engine for New Booster". Space.com.
The more capable Long March 5 rocket is expected to help the country achieve its goal of constructing a space station in orbit by the year 2020, as well as play a key role in China's future space exploration aims beyond low-Earth orbit. The rocket's maiden launch is expected to occur in '
- ↑ "CZ-6 (Chang Zheng-6)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ Perrett, Bradley (2010-03-15). "Longer Marches". Aviation Week.
- 1 2 Orbital Sciences, Minotaur History Archived December 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ Orbital Sciences, Minotaur-1 Overview Archived 2014-10-30 at the Wayback Machine. (accessed 25 September 2014)]
- ↑ Orbital Sciences, Minotaur IV-V-VI Overview Archived 2014-07-16 at the Wayback Machine. (accessed 25 September 2014)]
- ↑ "M-class". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
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- ↑ "Proton Launch System Mission Planner's Guide. Section 2. LV Performance" (PDF). International Launch Services.
- ↑ "Soyuz 7K-L1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2010-05-16. Circumlunar probe launched by Proton-K/D.
- ↑ Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
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- ↑ "Strela". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ Russian Strela Launches Kondor Satellite (retrieved 24 Sept 2014)
- ↑ "Safir". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- 1 2 NASA, Saturn launch vehicles (PDF)
- ↑ "Saturn-1 & Saturn-1B". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Saturn-5". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "ch6". history.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Scout Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Shavit page on Encyclopedia Astronautica". Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Vysota / Volna / Shtil". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "R-7 Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "РКЦ Прогресс РН «Союз-2»". en.samspace.ru. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Simorgh (Safir-2)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ SLS fact sheet, PDF, Nasa website
- ↑ Clark, Stephen. "NASA expects first Space Launch System flight to slip into 2020". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
- ↑ Claude Lafleur, SLV / Indian Launch Vehicle, Spacecraft Encyclopedia (accessed Sept 25 2014)
- ↑ "SS-520". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
- ↑ "NASA – Space Shuttle and International Space Station". Nasa.gov. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
- ↑ "Start". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Taurus / Minotaur-C". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Titan Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Titan-4". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "Tsiklon". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ http://www.indiandefensenews.in/2014/10/isros-unified-launch-vehicle-ulv.html
- ↑ "North Korea Successfully Launches Satellite: Reports", SPACE.com, December 12, 2012 (accessed 24 Sept. 2014)
- ↑ http://spaceflight101.com/status-of-north-korean-satellite-unknown-after-prolonged-radio-silence-reports-of-tumbling/
- ↑ "Vanguard Page on Encyclopedia Astronautica. Vanguard 3 satellite was 23 kg". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ Kyle, Ed. "New Launchers - ESA Vega". www.spacelaunchreport.com. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "VLS". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ Tory Bruno [@torybruno] (5 May 2015). "ULA Full Spectrum Lift Capability" (Tweet). Retrieved 8 May 2015 – via Twitter.
- ↑ Bruno, Tory. "Lots of requests to update the Capabilities info-G with the #VulcanRocket. (ie; future systems). Here you go.pic.twitter.com/QGK835yStI". Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- ↑ "United Launch Alliance to lay off up to 875 by end of 2017: CEO". 14 April 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017 – via Reuters.
- ↑ "Zenit Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
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