British Rail Class 08

British Rail Class 08
08509 in Rail Blue livery at Chesterfield Goods Yard
Type and origin Power type Diesel-electric Builder British Railways: Derby Works, Crewe Works, Darlington Works, Doncaster Works and Horwich Works. Build date 1952–1962 Total produced 996
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 0-6-0  • UIC C Wheel diameter 4 ft 6 in (1.372 m) Wheelbase 11 ft 6 in (3.505 m) Length 29 ft 3 in (8.92 m) Width 8 ft 6 in (2.591 m) Height 12 ft 8 5⁄8 in (3.877 m) 11 ft 9 5⁄8 in (3.597 m) (08/9) Loco weight 49 long tons (49.8 t; 54.9 short tons) to 51 long tons (51.8 t; 57.1 short tons) Fuel capacity 668 imp gal (3,040 l; 802 US gal) Prime mover English Electric 6KT Generator DC Traction motors DC English Electric 506, 2 off Transmission Diesel-electric transmission, double reduction gearing MU working Not originally fitted, some retrofitted with type ★ Blue Star Train heating None Train brakes Vacuum, later Air & Vacuum or Air only
Performance figures Maximum speed 15 mph (24 km/h) or 20 mph (32 km/h) Power output Engine: 350 hp (261 kW) Tractive effort Maximum: 35,000 lbf (160 kN) Brakeforce 19 long tons-force (190 kN)
Career Operators British Railways InterCity Network SouthEast Rail Express Systems Freightliner Eurostar EWS DB Cargo UK GNER National Express East Coast East Coast Main Line Company Virgin Trains East Coast LNER Midland Mainline East Midlands Trains Harry Needle Railroad Company Foster Yeoman Mendip Rail Numbers 13000–13116, 13127–13136, 13167–13365; later: D3000–D3116, D3127–D3136, D3167–D3438, D3454–D3472, D3503–D3611, D3652–D3664, D3672–D3718, D3722–D4048, D4095–D4098, D4115–D4192; later 08001–08958 Nicknames Gronk Axle load class Route availability 5 or 6 (see text)

The British Rail (BR) Class 08 is a class of diesel-electric shunting locomotive. The pioneer locomotive, number 13000, was built in 1952 although it did not enter service until 1953. Production continued until 1962; 996 locomotives were produced, making it the most numerous of all British locomotive classes.

As the standard BR general-purpose diesel shunter, the class became a familiar sight at major stations and freight yards. Since their introduction, though, the nature of rail traffic in Britain has changed considerably. Freight trains are now mostly fixed rakes of wagons, and passenger trains are mostly multiple units, neither requiring the attention of a shunting locomotive. Consequently, a large proportion of the class has been withdrawn from mainline use and stored, scrapped, exported or sold to industrial or heritage railways.

As of 2011, around 100 locomotives remain working on industrial sidings and on the main British network. On heritage railways, they have become common, appearing on many of the preserved standard-gauge lines in Britain, with over 60 preserved including the first one built.^[1]

History

The Class 08 design was based on the LMS 12033 series (later TOPS Class 11) design. There were also 26 of the near-identical but higher-geared Class 09, and 171 similar locomotives fitted with different engines and transmissions (some of which became Class 10), which together brought the total number of outwardly-similar machines to 1193.

The locomotives were built at the BR Works of Crewe, Darlington, Derby, Doncaster and Horwich between 1952 and 1962.^[2]

In 1985, three locomotives were reduced in height for use on the Burry Port and Gwendraeth Valley Railway in south west Wales, and became Class 08/9. The remainder of the class were reclassified as sub-class 08/0. A further two locomotives were converted to 08/9 in 1987.

The first locomotive to be withdrawn was D3193 in 1967. Four other machines were withdrawn before TOPS reclassification in 1973.^[3] Withdrawals continued in subsequent decades until by the beginning of the 1990s most of the class were no longer in service.^[4] At the same time as the withdrawals, many were purchased by heritage railways.

When British Rail was privatised and sold in the 1990s, EWS inherited most of the class. More units were disposed of, being sent to EWS's Component Recovery & Distribution Centre (CRDC) in Wigan for stripping of reusable components prior to scrapping. Others were stored in case of an increase in traffic.

Former 08032 at Foster Yeoman's Torr Works, 2008

In mid 2008, EWS had over forty class 08 locomotives in operation, with a greater number stored. Freightliner also had about five locomotives in operation, as did locomotive company Wabtec. FirstGroup operated fewer than five; additionally, some work at industrial sidings – two for Foster Yeoman, one for Mendip Rail, one for Corus, one at ICI Wilton, two for English China Clays, amongst others. A few other businesses in railway-related business operated single examples.^[1]

Preserved railways

Main article: List of preserved British Rail Class 08 locomotives

Continuing in its designed-for role as a shunter, the Class 08 has been found useful by numerous heritage railways in the UK. With over seventy examples preserved,^[1] they are the second most numerous class of preserved locomotive in the UK.

08915 in service at the North Tyneside Steam Railway

Operations

As the standard general-purpose diesel shunter on BR, almost any duty requiring shunting would involve a Class 08; thus the many locations where 2 portions of a train were merged, or where additional stock was added to a train, were hauled (briefly) by a Class 08, thus the class was a familiar sight at many major stations and terminals.

Technical description

The Class 08 design was based on the LMS 12033 series (later TOPS Class 11) design.

The engine is an English Electric (EE) 6 cylinder, 4-stroke, 6KT. Traction motors are 2 EE 506 motors with double reduction gear drive. The main generator is an EE 801.

Design variations

There were variations on the basic design, which were given the following TOPS design codes:

Fleet

Models

Several manufacturers have produced models of Class 08 shunters. In OO scale, Wrenn, Tri-ang, Hornby Railways and Bachmann Branchline all produced models. Lima also produced a model in several different liveries, but it was of the near-identical Class 09.

Since 2000, both Bachmann Branchline and Hornby have released much more detailed models, in a variety of liveries and with a variety of appropriate detail variations.

In British N Gauge, Graham Farish have also produced 2 versions; a relatively crude version lacking outside frames that was discontinued in 2007, and a more detailed version with outside frames that was unveiled 2008.^[7]

In fiction

The Class 08 locomotives were the basis for the character Diesel in The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry, and the subsequent Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends TV Series. The Class 08 has also provided the basis for 'Arry & Bert, Splatter & Dodge (Splodge), Paxton, and Sidney in the tv series.

References

Further reading

• Lund, E (1980). To the last drop. Chesterfield: Longden technical Publications. ISBN 0-9507063-0-2.
• Williams, Alan; Percival, David (1977). British Railways Locomotives and Multiple Units including Preserved Locomotives 1977. Shepperton: Ian Allen Ltd. ISBN 0-7110-0751-9.
• "D3002 saved". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. September 1982. p. 58. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.
• Cooper, Basil (March 1983). "What's in an 08?". Rail Enthusiast. EMAP National Publications. pp. 12–13. ISSN 0262-561X. OCLC 49957965.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to British Rail Class 08.

• Restoration work on Class 08 – 08220