List of British Rail modern traction locomotive classes

This page lists every locomotive allocated a TOPS classification and all modern traction (e.g. diesel, electric, gas turbine, petrol) stock used on the mainline network since 1948 (i.e. British Railways and post-privatisation).

Diesel locomotives

The 1955 diesel locomotive classes are given in brackets where applicable.

A large number of different shunter types were purchased by British Rail and its predecessors, many of which were withdrawn prior to the introduction of TOPS. The tables below attempt to list the different types and the different classifications used to describe them as clearly as possible:

Small shunters: under 300 hp

Shunter classes are listed by 1955 class, which puts TOPS classes in ascending order, and generally puts 1948 and 1962 classes in ascending order. Unclassed shunters are placed at the start of the table; TOPS class 07 has been placed so its 1962 class is in the logical place.

TOPS Class1948
Class		1955
Class		1962
Class		1948 Numbers1957 Numbers Year(s)
built		 Quantity
built		 Engine Year(s)
withdrawn		 NotesImage
———— 11104 1950152 hp ("At rail:" 39 hp)1967Renumbered 52 in the ER/NER Departmental series in 1953.[1]
———— 13000— 19341250 hp1949BR number never applied [2]
—DY1D1/11/15 11500–11502D2950–D2952 1954–553153 bhp1966–67[3][4]
Class 01 DY2 D1/2 1/12 11503–11506, 81 D2953–D2956, D2956 (ii) 1956–585153 hp1966–81[5][3][6]
— DY5 D1/3 1/16 11507–11508 D2957–D2958 19562165 bhp1967–68[3][6]
Class 02 — D1/4 1/17 — D2850–D2869 1960–6120170 hp1969–75[7][8]
—DY11D2/12/4A 11700–11707D2700–D2707 1953–568200 bhp1964–68[9]
Class 03 DJ15 D2/2 2/1 11187–11211 D2000–D2199
D2370–D2399		 1957–61230204 hp1968–93
2008		[5][10]
Class 04 DJ12/1 D2/4 2/13 11100–11115 D2200–D2214 (D2289 1948)
1952-62		 142 204 hp 1967–72 [5][11] D2289 still in use in Italy
DJ12/2 D2/13 2/13 11121–11229 D2215–D2341
—DJ14D2/52/12A 11177–11186D2400–D2409 1956–5710204 bhp1967–69[12]
——D2/72/14 11116–20, 11144–48D2500–D2509 1955–5610204 bhp1967[13]
Class 05 DJ13 D2/8 2/15A 11136–43, 11161–76 D2550–D2573 1955–61 69 204 hp 1966–68, 1983 [5][14]
DJ13/2 D2/9 2/15 — D2574–D2618
Class 06 — D2/6 2/12 — D2410–D2444 1958–6035204 hp1967–84[5][12]
— DY11 D2/10 2/4 11708–11719 D2708–D2719 195712225 bhp1967 [15] [16]
2/4B — D2720–D2780 1958–6161225 bhp1967–68
——D2/112/2 —D2999 19581180 bhp1967[17][15]
——D2/122/14A — D2510–D2519 196110204 bhp1967[18][13]
Class 07——2/16 —D2985–D2998 196214275 hp1973–Present Day D2991 (07007 Still in use at Eastleigh Works)[5][19]
——D3/13/4 —D2900–D2913 1958–5914330 bhp1967[20][4]
  • Relation between TOPS, 1948, 1955 and 1962 classes, and 1948, 1957 and TOPS numbers:[5][21]

Large shunters: 300–799hp

CLASS NUMBERS Built Quantity Engine Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1948 1955 1962 1948 1957
15107 19491360bhp1958[22]
11001 19491500bhp1959[23]
Class 08 DEJ4 D3/2 3/1 13000–13366 D3000–D4192[24] except those
listed under classes 09 and 10		 1953[25]–62[24]996350bhpstill in use[24]
Class 09 D3665–71, D3719–21,
D4099–D4114		 1959–62[24]26350bhpstill in use[24]
D3/3 3/1B 13117–13126 D3117–D3126 195510350bhp1966–67[26]
Class 10 DEJ5 D3/4 3/1C 13137–13151[27] D3137–D3151, D3439–D3453,
D3473–D3502, D3612–D3651,
D4049–D4094		 1955–62[27]146350bhp1967–72[28]
DEJ7D3/53/1D 13152–13166D3152–D3166 195515350bhp1967[26]
D3/6 12000–12002 193511350bhp1956–62[29]
D3/73/812003–12032 1939–4230350bhp1966–67[30]
Class 11 DEJ3 D3/8 3/8A 12033–12138 1945–52136350bhp1967–72[31]
DEJ1D3/93/10 15000–15003 19444350bhp1967[22]
D3/103/11A 15100 19361[21]350bhp1965[23]
D3/113/11 15101–15106 19486350bhp1967[23]
D3/123/9A 15201–15203 19373350bhp1964[23]
Class 12D3/133/9 15211–15236 1949–5224350bhp1968–71[23]
DEJ2D3/143/2 15004 19491[21]360bhp1962
Class 137/1 D4500–D4502 19653[21] 360bhp1983–1985
  • Relation between TOPS, 1948, 1955 and 1962 classes, and 1948, 1957 and TOPS numbers:[5][21]

Type 1 locomotives: 800 - 1000hp

CLASS 1957 numbers Introduced Quantity Engine Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1955 1962
Class 146/1 D9500–D9555 1964-6556700 hp1968-69[32]
108001950[33]1[33]827 hp
(rebuilt to 1400 hp)		1959[33]
Class 15D8/18/5D8200-D8243 1957-61[21]44[34]800hp1968-71
Class 16D8/28/4[35]D8400-D8409[35]1958[36]10[35]800 hp 1968[35]
Class 17 N/A9/18D8500-D8587 1962-65[37] 117[37] 450hp 1968-71[37]
9/19D8588-D8616
Class 181985
(Proposed)		Never Built
Class 1920181DVTstill in use
Class 20D10/310/3[38]D8000-199,
D8300-27[39]		1957-68[39]228[37]1000hpstill in use[24]
  • Relation between TOPS, 1948, 1955 and 1962 classes, and 1948, 1957 and TOPS numbers (unless otherwise given):[5][21]

Type 2 locomotives: 1001 - 1499hp

Locomotive class are listed by TOPS class. Locomotives for TOPS classes 24 and 26 have their original sub-classes shown, as each wholly comprised locomotives from a distinct 1962 class. Class 21 (II) has sub-classes shown as these are superficially similar but mechanically different types grouped into a single class.

CLASS 1957 numbers Introduced Quantity Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1955 1962
Class 21 (I) (NBL)D10/110/4 D6100-D6157 1958-60[36] 58 1967-68
D11/211/4
Class 21 (II)21/5N/AN/AN/A2004-054still in use
21/620062
21/91991-925
20102
20163
Class 22 (Baby Warship)D10/2A10/4AD6300-D6305 1959-62[36] 58[40] 1967-72[40]
D11/511/4AD6306-D6357
Class 23 (Baby Deltic) D11/111/3D5900-D59091959[36]101968-71
Class 24 24/011/1D5000-D5049 1958-61[36] 50 1967-80
24/1D11/311/1AD5050-5150101
Class 25D12/112/1D5151–D5299,
D7500–D7677		1961[39]-673231987[41][42]
Class 2626/0D11/411/6D5300-D5319[39] 1958[43] 20[43] 1975-94[43]
26/1none[21]11/6AD5320-D5346[39]1958[43]27[43]
Class 27D12/312/6D5347-D5415[39]1961-62[21]691987
Class 28D12/112/5D5700-D57191958-59[36]201967-69
Class 29N/A13/4D61..1965-1967[21]201969-71
Class 30 & 31D13/1, D14/214/2D5500-D5699,
D5800-D5862		1957[36]-62[39]263 plus 81
conversions		still in use
  • Relation between TOPS, 1948, 1955 and 1962 classes, and 1948, 1957 and TOPS numbers (unless otherwise given):[5][21]

Type 3 locomotives: 1500–1999hp

CLASS Pre-TOPS
numbers		 Introduced Quantity Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1955 1962
Class 33D15/115/6D6500—D6585[21][39] 1960-62 [44] 98[44] still in use (with West Coast Railway Company)[24]
D15/215/6AD6586-D6597[21][39]
Class 35
(Hymek[45])		D17/217/7D7000–D7100[5] 1961-64[46] 101[46]1971-1975[47]
Class 37D17/117/3D6600-D6608
D6700-D6999[39]		 1960-65[48]309[48]still in use[24]
Class 381980s
(Proposed)		Never Built
D16/116/810000-10001[21] 1947-48[49] 2[49]1963
1966[49]
D16/216/910201-10203[21] 1950 (2)
1954 (1)[36]		3[36]1963
  • Relation between TOPS, 1955 and 1962 classes, and pre-TOPS and TOPS numbers (unless otherwise given):[5][21]

Type 4 locomotives: 2000–2999hp

CLASS 1957 numbers Built Quantity Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1955[21] 1962[21]
10100 195011958
Class 40D20/120/3D200-D399[39] 1958-62[39][39]2001967 (1)
1975-85[50]
Class 41 (I) (Warship[51])D20/220/4D600-D604[39] 1958-59[46]5[46]1967[46]
Class 41 (II) N/A 1972[5]2[5]1982
Class 41 (III) N/A 1990s
(Proposed)		Never Built
Class 42 (Warship)D22/122/1D800-D832,
D866-D870[5]		 1958-61[5]38[46]1968-72[46]
Class 43 (I) (Warship)D22/222/2D833-D865[5] 1960-62331969-1971
Class 43 (II) N/A 1975-82[50]197[50]Still in use[24]
Class 44
(Peak[52])		D23/123/1D1-D10[5] 1959-60101976-81
Class 45D25/125/1D11-D137[39] 1960-63[39]1271981-89[50]
Class 46N/A25/1AD138-D193[39] 1961[39]561977-84
Class 47N/A27/2D1100-D1111,
D1500-D1999[39]		 1962-68[39]512still in use[24]
Class 48N/A27/2D1702-D1706. 1965-66[39]51990-91[24]
Class 50N/A27/3D400-D449[39] 1967-68[39]50[39]1987-94
Class 52
(Western[53])		D27/127/1D1000-D1073[5] 1961-1964741973-77
Class 53
Falcon[54]		??D0280, later D1200 196111975
Class 57 N/A 1965-67
Rebuilt: 1997-2004[24]		33[24]still in use[24]

Type 5 locomotives: over 3000hp

CLASS 1957 numbers Built Quantity Engine Withdrawn Image
TOPS 1955[21] 1962[21]
Class 51N/A1960s
(Proposed)		 Never Built
Class 55
(Deltic[55])		D33/133/1D9000-D9021 1961-62[25]22[25]2 x 1650 hp1980-82
Class 56N/A 1976-84[56] 135[56]3250 hpstill in use
(3 in Hungary[24])
Class 58N/A 1983-87[50]50[50]3300 hp1999-2002
(some still in use in France (23) and Spain (13)[24])
Class 59N/A 1985-95[57] 15[57]3300 hpstill in use[24]
Class 60N/A 1989-93[57]100[57]3100 hpstill in use[24]
Class 62N/A1990s
(Proposed)		Never Built
Class 65N/ANever Built
Class 66N/A 1998-2015[24]446[24]3300 hpstill in use[24]
Class 67N/A 1999-2000[57]30[57]3200 hpstill in use[24]
Class 68N/A 2013-2017[58]34[59][58]3300 hpstill in use[58][60]
Class 70N/A 2009-17373300 hpstill in use

Electric locomotives

Gatwick Express Class 73 no. 73201 at Clapham Junction.
Freightliner Class 86 nos. 86613 and 86610 at Ipswich.

DC electric locomotives

TOPS class pre-TOPS class Built Quantity Withdrawn Image
Class 70 1941
1945
1948		31968
Class 71HA 1958-60241976-77
Class 73[lower-greek 1]JA or JB 1962
1965-67		49still in use
Class 74[lower-greek 1]HB 1958–60
Rebuilt 1967–1968		101976-1977
Class 751960s
(Proposed)		Never Built
Class 76EM1 1941 (prototype)
1950-53		581970 (prototype)
1981
Class 77EM2 1953-5471968
EB1/EF1
(26502-26511)		 1914-1919101950-1951
1964
EE1
(26600)		 192211950 (never used)
ES1
(26500-26501)		 1903-190421964

AC electric locomotives

TOPS class pre-TOPS class Built Quantity Withdrawn Image
Class 80 1951
rebuilt 1958		11968
Class 81AL1 1959–1964251968 (2)
1971 (1)
1983-91
Class 82AL2 1960-62101969 (1)
1971 (1)
1983 (6)
1987 (2)
Class 83AL3 1960-62151975 (1)
1978 (1)
1983 (10)
1989 (3)
Class 84AL4 1960-61101979-80
Class 85AL5 1961-64401981-92
Class 86AL6 1965-661002002-date still in use
(with Freightliner and in Bulgaria and Hungary).
Class 87 1973-75362003; some still in use
(in Bulgaria).
Class 88 (I) 1983-87
(planned)		Never Constructed
Class 88 (II)[lower-greek 1] 2015-1610[61]still in use
Class 89 198612001
Class 90 1987-9050still in use
Class 91 1988-9131still in use
Class 92 1993-9646still in use
Class 93 1992-95
(planned)		30
(planned)		Never Constructed
  1. 1 2 3 Electro-diesel locomotive

Miscellaneous locomotives

Type Class / number(s) Information Image
Channel Tunnel Class 22 SNCF Class BB 22200 class dual voltage electric locomotives used for freight duties through the Channel Tunnel by Railfreight Distribution during 1994-95, prior to the availability of the dedicated Class 92 locomotives. Allocated as Class 22 under TOPS.
Class 9000 Dedicated locomotives used only on Eurotunnel Shuttle services through the Channel Tunnel between Foklestone & Calais. No TOPS classification.
Class 0001 Diesel-electric locomotives used for rescue purposes on the Channel Tunnel network. Classed as 21/9 under TOPS
Class 0031 Diesel locomotives used for maintenance purposes by Eurotunnel on the Channel Tunnel network. No TOPS classification
Departmental Class 97 General departmental locomotives, used for special or engineering duties. Were therefore of many different classes, lumped together for numbering purposes. Forty-seven locomotives allocated Class 97 numbers, including five in subclass 97/6.
Class 97/6 Five diesel shunting locomotives purpose-built for departmental duties in 1953 (number 97650) and 1959 (numbers 97651-654). Withdrawn 1987-2005.
Various Pre-TOPS Departmental Locomotives
Steam Class 98 Used to cover all steam locomotives used on the mainline in Britain. Had particular usage for the three Vale of Rheidol Railway steam locomotives that remained in BR's ownership after the end of mainline steam traction in August 1968, and numbered 98007-98009.
Also used for privately owned steam locomotives registered to run on the mainline since 1971, with numbers allocated in the following way:
  • First two digits: 98 (for class 98)
  • Third digit: 0-9 representing the Power Class 0-9
  • Fourth and fifth digits: The last two digits of the locomotive's original number. If this would duplicate an existing number, then the number is increased by 1.
Petrol 15097-15099 Petrol powered locomotives built by Simplex, introduced 1919-1925 by the LNER, and subsequently inherited by BR
Gas turbine 18000 Prototype mainline gas turbine locomotive built for BR in 1949 by Brown Boveri. Had been ordered by GWR in 1940, but construction was delayed due to World War II.
18100 Prototype mainline gas turbine locomotive built for BR in 1951 by Metropolitan-Vickers. Had been ordered by the GWR in the 1940s, but construction was delayed due to World War II.

Class 99

When British Rail implemented the TOPS system for managing their operating stock, ships capable of carrying rail vehicles were incorporated into the system as Class 99. In order to circumvent restrictions of the application software, these ships were entered on TOPS as locomotives, 'hauling' the trains which they carried on board.

Builders' demonstrators

These were locomotives built and owned by private firms, but used by British Rail to test them.

Locomotive Builder Year Fate Image
D0226 & D0227English Electric1956D0226 preserved
D0227 scrapped
D0260 LionBRCWC1962Scrapped in 1963
D0280 Falcon
See Class 53, above		Brush Traction1961Scrapped 1976
D9998
See Class D2/11, above		Brush Traction1958?
DHP1Clayton1965?
DP1 DelticEnglish Electric1955Withdrawn 1961,
preserved
DP2English Electric1962Scrapped 1967
GT3
(Gas turbine)		English Electric1961Scrapped 1966
HS4000 KestrelBrush Traction1968Scrapped 1989
JanusYorkshire Engine Company 1956Sold to Appleby-Frodingham
Steel works; scrapped c.1982
TaurusYorkshire Engine Company 1961Stripped 1962,
scrapped 1965

Unbuilt locomotives

A number of TOPS class numbers were allocated to proposed locomotives, both diesel and electric, which for many reasons were not proceeded with.

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 140.
  2. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 47.
  3. 1 2 3 Williams & Percival (1962).
  4. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 45.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "The all-time guide to the UK Traction Classification System Part 2: Locomotives" (PDF). The RailwayCentre.org. 2006-05-02. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  6. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 46.
  7. ↑ TRC - Classification: Part 2 (2006).
  8. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 44–45.
  9. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 43.
  10. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 31–35.
  11. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 35–39.
  12. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 40.
  13. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 41.
  14. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 41–43.
  15. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 43–44.
  16. ↑ "D2708-D2780". TheRailwayCentre.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
  17. ↑ "D2999". TheRailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2017-12-01.
  18. ↑ "D2510-D2519". TheRailwayCentre.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
  19. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 46–47.
  20. ↑ "D2900-D2913". TheRailwayCentre.com. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 "The all-time guide to the UK Traction Classification System Part 1: Pre TOPS class systems" (PDF). The RailwayCentre.org. 2006-05-02. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  22. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 62.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 Strickland (1983), p. 63.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Fox & Pritchard (2003).
  25. 1 2 3 Williams & Percival (1977).
  26. 1 2 Strickland (1983), p. 56.
  27. 1 2 "Class 10". The RailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2007-03-03.
  28. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 56–57.
  29. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 48.
  30. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 49.
  31. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 51–52.
  32. ↑ Strickland (1983), p. 65–68.
  33. 1 2 3 "Ivatt 800hp Diesel Electric Locomotive". Southern Email Group. 2004-08-10. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  34. ↑ "Recognition and Equipment information: Class 15". The RailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  35. 1 2 3 4 The Railway Center. "Traction Data - Class 16". The RailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2017-11-19.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Casserley (1962).
  37. 1 2 3 4 "Recognition and Equipment information: Class 17". The RailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  38. ↑ "Class 20". The RailwayCentre.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Marsden (1983).
  40. 1 2 John Daniel (2006-02-19). "D6300 class introduction". The Western Region Archive. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  41. ↑ "Class 25 Withdrawals: The first fifty withdrawals (May 1971 - October 1980)". British Railways Sulzer Type 2. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  42. ↑ "The last year of the Class 25's: March 1986 - March 1987". British Railways Sulzer Type 2. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  43. 1 2 3 4 5 "A Brief History of British Railways Class 26". Centre of Locomotion Numerology. 8 February 1997. Archived from the original on 18 December 2006. Retrieved 17 February 2007.
  44. 1 2 Chapman (2007).
  45. ↑ Ian Allan (1969), p. 42.
  46. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Reed (1974).
  47. ↑ Andy Coward (30 January 2008). "Hymeks: The big class with a short life". Rail. UK: Bauer Media (584): 56–59. ISSN 0953-4563.
  48. 1 2 "Rolling stock : Class 37 English Electric". thejunction.org.uk. 2006-08-17. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  49. 1 2 3 Hunt (2005).
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Wood (1989).
  51. ↑ Marsden (2011).
  52. ↑ Ian Allan (1969), p. 5.
  53. ↑ Ian Allan (1969), p. 13.
  54. ↑ British Railways Locomotives and Other Motive Power: Combined Volume. London: Ian Allan Publishing. 1971. p. 17. ISBN 0-7110-0242-8.
  55. ↑ Ian Allan 1969, p. 51
  56. 1 2 "Class 56 Locomotive Information". Class 56 Photo Gallery. 2003-02-08. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Fox, Webster & Hall (2000).
  58. 1 2 3 Railways Today (5 January 2012). "DRS orders 15 Vossloh Eurolight locomotives". Railways Today.
  59. ↑ "Brand new locomotive hauled trains for TPE". Rail Magazine. 23 May 2016.
  60. ↑ "Additional Class 68s for Beacon Rail / DRS". Mainline Diesels. 29 April 2014.
  61. ↑ "DRS orders 10 electro-diesel locomotives from Vossloh".

References

  • Casserley, H. C. (1962). Observer's Book of Railway Locomotives of Britain. Observer's pocket series #23 (Revised ed.). London: Frederick Warne.
  • Chapman, Stephen (2007). "British Rail Diesels: The "Crompton" (Class 33)". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  • Fox, Peter; Pritchard, Robert (2003). British Railway Pocket Book No. 1: Locomotives. Sheffield: Platform 5. ISBN 978-1-9023-3626-8. OCLC 655364009.
  • Fox, Peter; Webster, Neil; Hall, Peter (2000). British Rail Motive Power Combined Volume 2000. Sheffield: Platform 5. ISBN 1-902336-13-5.
  • Hunt, David (2005). LMS locomotive Profiles Vol. 9: Main Line Diesel-Electrics Nos. 10000 and 10001. Wild Swan Publications. ISBN 1-905184-04-2.
  • Ian Allan (1969). British Railways Locomotives and Other Motive Power: Combined Volume. London: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-0112-X.
  • Marsden, Colin J. (1983). British Rail Motive Combined Volume 1983. Shepperton: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-1284-9.
  • Marsden, Colin J. (2011). Diesel and Electric Locomotive Recognition Guide. Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7110-3637-6.
  • TRC - Classification: Part 2 (2006-05-02). "The all-time guide to the UK Traction Classification System Part 2: Locomotives" (PDF). The RailwayCentre.org. Retrieved 2007-02-18.
  • Reed, Brian (1974). Diesel-Hydraulic Locomotives of the Western Region. David and Charles. ISBN 0-7153-6769-2.
  • Strickland, David C. (September 1983). Locomotive Directory: Every Single One There Has Ever Been. Camberley, Surrey: Diesel and Electric Group. ISBN 978-0-9063-7510-5. OCLC 16601890.
  • Williams, Alan; Percival, David (1962). British Rail Locomotives Combined Volume 1962. London: Ian Allan Publishing.
  • Williams, Alan; Percival, David (1977). British Rail Locomotives and Multiple-Units including Preserved Locomotives 1977. London: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-0751-9.
  • Wood, Roger (January 1989). British Rail Motive Power Combined Volume 1989. London: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 0-7110-1849-9.

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