Rottweil

Rottweil
Main street in Rottweil

Coat of arms
Rottweil
Location of Rottweil within Rottweil district
DanubeFreudenstadt (district)Tuttlingen (district)OrtenaukreisSchwarzwald-Baar-KreisZollernalbkreisAichhaldenBösingenDeißlingenDietingenDornhanDunningenEschbronnEpfendorfFluorn-WinzelnHardtLauterbachOberndorf am NeckarRottweilRottweilSchenkenzellSchiltachSchrambergSulz am NeckarVillingendorfWellendingenVöhringenZimmern ob RottweilRottweil in RW.svg
About this image
Coordinates: 48°10′5″N 8°37′29″E / 48.16806°N 8.62472°E / 48.16806; 8.62472Coordinates: 48°10′5″N 8°37′29″E / 48.16806°N 8.62472°E / 48.16806; 8.62472
Country Germany
State Baden-Württemberg
Admin. region Freiburg
District Rottweil
Government
 • Lord Mayor Ralf Broß
Area
 • Total 71.76 km2 (27.71 sq mi)
Elevation 557 m (1,827 ft)
Population (2017-12-31)[1]
 • Total 25,204
 • Density 350/km2 (910/sq mi)
Time zone CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2)
Postal codes 78628, 78652 (Unterrotenstein)
Dialling codes 0741, 07427 (Neukirch)
Vehicle registration RW
Website www.rottweil.de

Rottweil (German: [ˈʁɔtvaɪl] ( listen); Swabian: Rautweil) is a town in southwest Germany in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Rottweil was a Free Imperial City for nearly 600 years.

Located between the Black Forest and the Swabian Alps, Rottweil has about 25,000 inhabitants. The old town is famous for its medieval center and for its traditional carnival, (called "Fasnet" in the local Swabian dialect). It is the oldest town in Baden-Württemberg[2] and its appearance has changed very little since the 16th century.

History

Imperial City of Rottweil
Reichsstadt Rottweil
1140–1802
Status Free Imperial City
Capital Rottweil
Government Republic
Historical era Middle Ages
• Founded
AD 73
• Gained Imp. immediacy
1140
• Treaty with Swiss
1463
1519
1802
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Duchy of Swabia
Duchy of Württemberg
Imperial Abbey of Rottenmünster
Reichskloster Rottenmünster
1237–1802
Status Imperial Abbey
Capital Rottenmünster
Government Imperial Abbey
Historical era Middle Ages
• Founded
9 May 1224
• Gained Imp. immediacy
1237
1643
• Mediatised to Württemberg
23 November 1802
• Abbey abandoned
1850
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Imperial City of Rottweil
Duchy of Württemberg

Rottweil was founded by the Romans in AD 73 as Arae Flaviae and became a municipium, but there are traces of human settlement going back to 2000 BC. Roman baths and an Orpheus mosaic of c. AD 180, date from the time of Roman settlement. The present town became a ducal and a royal court before 771 and in the Middle Ages it became a Free Imperial City in 1268.

In 1463 the city joined the Swiss Confederacy, with which it was closely aligned for several centuries. Both its status as free city and its alliance with the Swiss Confederacy were eventually lost with the conquest of the region by Napoleon in 1803.

Lord Mayors since the 19th century

  • 1820–1833: Max Joseph von Khuon, Schultheiß
  • 1833–1845: Max Teufel
  • 1845–1848: Karl Dinkelmann
  • 1848–1851: Kaspar Rapp
  • 1852–1887: Johann Baptist Marx
  • 1887–1923: Edwin Glückher
  • 1924–1943: Josef Abrell
  • 1943–1944: Otto Mann
  • 1944–1945: Paul Fritz
  • 1945–1946: Franz Mederle
  • 1946–1965: Arnulf Gutknecht
  • 1965–1985: Ulrich Regelmann, mayor, from 1970 Lord mayor
  • 1985–2001: Michael Arnold, Lord mayor
  • 2001–2009: Thomas Engeser, Lord mayor
  • 2009–present: Ralf Broß, Lord mayor[3][4][5]

Main sights

  • The late-Romanesque and Gothic-era Münster Heiliges Kreuz ("Minster of the Holy Cross"), built over a pre-existing church from 1270. It features a crucifix by Veit Stoss and noteworthy Gothic sculptures.
  • Kapellenkirche (1330–1340), a Gothic church with a tower and with three statue-decorated portals.
  • Lorenzkapelle ("Church of St. Lawrence", 16th century), in late Gothic style. It houses some two hundred works by Swabian masters and Gothic altarpieces from the 14th and 15th centuries.
  • The town's museum, including a notable Roman mosaic with the legend of Orpheus.
  • The late-Gothic town hall (1521).
  • St. Pelagius, a Romanesque church from the 12th century. Excavations have brought to light Roman baths in the same site.
  • ThyssenKrupp is constructing a $45 million, 807-foot (246 m) tower. The tower is a research facility for the company and will be used to test new elevator cars and technologies. At 807 feet, it will be the tallest structure in the district. The windowless building is going to have 12 elevator shafts.[6]

Other

  • The Rottweiler dog is named after this town; it used to be a butcher's dog in the region.
  • Adam of Rottweil, the 15th-century scholar and printer, was born in Rottweil.
  • Konrad Witz, painter
  • "Das Mädchen aus Rottweil" is a song by the German band Die Toten Hosen

Notable people

  • Egon Rieble (1925–2016), art historian and dialect poet
  • Hermann Schäfer (1927–2009), composer and music scientist
  • Kurt Bantle (born 1933), politician (SPD), former member of Landtag
  • Ekkehard Lindner (born 1934), chemist and professor
  • Sigrid Peyerimhoff (born 1937), chemist
  • Peter Dussmann (1938 - 2013), chemist
  • Erwin Teufel (born 1939), politician (CDU), former minister president of Baden-Württemberg
  • Rüdiger Safranski (born 1945), writer and literary scholar
  • Thomas Engeser (born 1948), 2001–2009 Lord mayor of Rottweil
  • Rita Haller-Haid (born 1950), politician (SPD), Member of Landtag 2001-2016
  • Anne Haigis (born 1955), musician and singer
  • Bernd Marquart (born 1958), jazz musician
  • Ralf Broß (born 1966), since 2 July 2009 Lord mayor of Rottweil
  • Andreas Schwab (born 1973), politician (CDU) and member of European Parliament
  • Joshua Kimmich (born 1995), football player (Bayern München)

International relations

Rottweil is twinned with:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Bevölkerung nach Nationalität und Geschlecht am 31. Dezember 2017". Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg (in German). 2018.
  2. ↑ Website of Dominikaner Museum Rottweil (retrieved May 22, 2014), on permanent display is a wooden table from August 4, AD 186 naming arae flaviae as municipium thus making Rottweil the oldest town in Baden-Württemberg Archived 2014-05-21 at the Wayback Machine.
  3. ↑ "Oberbürgermeisterwahl 2009 - vorläufiges amtliches Endergebnis" (in German). Kommunale Informationsverarbeitung Reutlingen-Ulm. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  4. ↑ "Ralf Broß - Oberbürgermeister - Stadt Rottweil" (in German). XING. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  5. ↑ "Mitarbeiter: Broß, Ralf" (in German). Rottweil (official site). Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  6. ↑ Brown, Eliot (September 15, 2015). "Elevators Elevate German City's Image". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
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