1975 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1975 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
Events
January
- 6 January – Brian Clough, the former manager of Derby County and more recently Leeds United, was appointed manager of Football League Second Division strugglers Nottingham Forest.[1]
- 14 January – Seventeen-year-old heiress Lesley Whittle, daughter of the late bus operator George Whittle (1905–1967), was kidnapped from her home near Bridgnorth in Shropshire by Donald Neilson.[2]
- 24 January – Donald Coggan was enthroned as the Archbishop of Canterbury.[3]
February
- 6 February – Jensen, the luxury carmaker, made 700 employees redundant – cutting its workforce by two-thirds.[4]
- 11 February – Margaret Thatcher defeated Edward Heath in the Conservative Party leadership election, becoming the party's first female leader. Mrs. Thatcher, 49, was Education Secretary in Edward Heath's government from 1970-74.[5]
- 13 February – Britain's coal miners accepted a 35% pay rise offer from the government.[6]
- 26 February – A fleeing Provisional Irish Republican Army member shot and killed an off-duty Metropolitan Police officer, Stephen Tibble, 22, as he gave chase.[7]
- 28 February – 43 people were killed in the Moorgate tube crash.
March
- 1 March – Aston Villa, chasing promotion from the Football League Second Division, won the Football League Cup with the only goal of the Wembley final against Norwich City being scored by Ray Graydon.[4]
- 4 March – Actor Charlie Chaplin, 85, was knighted by the Queen.[8]
- 7 March – The body of teenage heiress Lesley Whittle, who disappeared from her Shropshire home in January, was discovered in Staffordshire. She had been strangled on a ledge in drains below Bathpool Park near Kidsgrove.[9]
- 25 March – A large National Front rally held in London, in protest against European integration.[10]
- 26 March – British Leyland released their new family saloon, the Morris 18-22 wedge styled by Harris Mann to replace the ageing Austin 1800 Landcrab range. There were Austin, Morris and the luxury Wolseley versions at launch, However, in less than six months, the entire range was rebranded as the Princess and the marque "Wolseley" was abandoned.
April
- 5 April – Manchester United clinched promotion back to the First Division one season after relegation.[11]
- 9 April – The comedy film Monty Python and the Holy Grail, was released.
- 13 April – A 22-year-old woman was raped at her bedsit in Cambridge. Cambridgeshire Police believed that she was the sixth victim of a rapist who had been operating across the city since October last year. In June, the police arrested 47-year-old Peter Cook for the rapes; he was sentenced to life imprisonment in October.[12]
- 24 April – Unemployment exceeded the 1,000,000 mark for March 1975.[4]
- 26 April
- A conference of Labour Party members voted against continued membership of the EEC.[13]
- Derby County won the Football League First Division title for the second time in four seasons.[14]
May
- May – Led Zeppelin returned to the UK to play five sold-out shows at Earls Court in London.
- 1 May – Vauxhall launched the Vauxhall Chevette, Britain's first production small hatchback, which was similar in concept to the Italian Fiat 127 and French Renault 5.[15]
- 3 May – West Ham United won the second FA Cup of their history by defeating Fulham 2-0 in the Wembley final. Alan Taylor scored both goals.
- 16 May – Major reorganisation of local government in Scotland under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973.
- 27 May – Dibbles Bridge coach crash: a tour coach ran away following brake failure and falls off a bridge near Hebden, North Yorkshire, en route to Grassington, killing the driver and 31 female pensioners on board, the highest ever toll in a UK road accident.[16]
- 28 May – Leeds United were beaten 2–0 by Bayern Munich of West Germany in the European Cup final in Paris, France. Peter Lorimer had a goal for Leeds disallowed and this sparked a riot by angry supporters, who invaded the pitch and tore seats away from the stands.[17]
- 31 May
- The European Space Agency was established, with the UK being one of the ten founding members.[18][19]
- Jim'll Fix It, presented by Jimmy Savile, was first broadcast on BBC1 television.
June
- 2 June — Snow showers occur across as the country even as far south as London which last happened in 1761
- 5 June – 67% of voters supported continuing membership of the EEC in a referendum.[20]
- 9 June – Proceedings in Parliament were broadcast on radio for the first time.[21]
- 13 June – UEFA placed a three-year ban on Leeds United from European competitions due to the behaviour of their fans at last month's European Cup final.
- 14 June – Ambulance crews in the West Midlands staged a ban on non-emergency calls in a dispute over pay and hours.[4]
- 17 June – Leeds United lodged an appeal against their ban from European competitions.[22]
- 19 June – A coroner's court jury returned a verdict of wilful murder, naming Lord Lucan as the murderer, in the inquest on Sandra Rivett, the nanny who was found dead at his wife's London home seven months previously.[23]
- 30 June – UEFA reduces Leeds United's ban from European competitions to one season on appeal.[24]
July
- July – The Government and Trades Union Congress agreed a one-year cash limit on pay rises.
- 5 July – A 36-year-old Keighley woman Ann Rogulskyj was badly injured in a hammer attack in an alleyway in the West Yorkshire town.[25]
- 19 July – Hatton Cross tube station was opened, completing the first phase of the extension of London Underground's Piccadilly line to Heathrow Airport.[26]
August
- 1 August – The Government's anti-inflation policy came into full effect. During the year, inflation reached 24.2% - the second-highest recorded level since records began in 1750, and the highest since 1800.[27] A summary of the White Paper Attack on Inflation is delivered to all households.
- 14 August – Hampstead entered the UK Weather Records with the Highest 155-min total rainfall at 169mm.
- 15 August – A 46-year-old Halifax woman Olive Smelt was severely injured in a hammer attack in an alleyway in the town.[28]
- 16 August – Football hooliganism struck on the opening day of the English league season, with hundreds of fans being arrested at games across the country - the total number of arrests exceeded seventy at the stadiums of Wolverhampton Wanderers and Leicester City.[29]
- 19 August – Headingley cricket ground was vandalised by people campaigning for release from prison of the armed robber George Davis. A scheduled test match between England and Australia which was meant to take place there had to be abandoned. This was the climax to a campaign in which the slogan George Davis is Innocent was widely sprayed throughout London.[30]
- 21 August – The unemployment rate reaches the 1,250,000 mark.
- 27 August – A 14-year-old, Tracy Browne, was badly injured in a hammer attack in a country lane at Silsden, near Keighley.[31]
- 31 August – Cavalcade of steam locomotives at Shildon, County Durham, to mark the 150th anniversary of the Stockton and Darlington Railway.
September
- September – Chrysler UK launched its new Alpine five-door family hatchback, a modern front-wheel drive car to compete with the conventional Ford Cortina, Morris Marina and upcoming Vauxhall Cavalier rear-wheel drive saloons. The new car was also built in France as the Simca 1307.[32]
- 5 September – The London Hilton hotel was bombed by the IRA killing two people and injuring 63 others.[33]
- 19 September – The first episode of the popular sitcom Fawlty Towers was broadcast on BBC Two.[34]
- 24 September – Dougal Haston and Doug Scott became the first British people to climb Mount Everest.[35]
- 27 September – The National Railway Museum was opened in York, becoming the first national museum outside London.
- 28 September–3 October – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people were taken as hostages, took place in London.[36]
October
- October
- Vauxhall announced its second new model launch of the year - the Cavalier, which replaced the Victor, was based on the German Opel Ascona, and was a direct competitor for the big-selling Ford Cortina.
- Statistics showed that Britain was in a double-dip recession, as the economy contracted for the second and third quarters of the year.[37]
- 9 October – An IRA bomb explosion outside Green Park tube station near Piccadilly in London killed one person and injured twenty people.[38]
- 13 October – Norton Villiers, the Wolverhampton-based motorcycle producer, closed down with the loss of 1,600 jobs after being declared bankrupt.[4]
- 23 October – Oncologist Gordon Hamilton Fairley was killed in London by an IRA bomb intended for Sir Hugh Fraser.
- 30 October – West Yorkshire Police launched a murder investigation after 28-year-old prostitute Wilma McCann was found dead in Leeds. She later became known as Peter Sutcliffe's first murder victim.[39]
- 31 October – Queen's Bohemian Rhapsody was released.
November
- 3 November – A petroleum pipeline from Cruden Bay to Grangemouth across Scotland was formally opened by HM The Queen.[40]
- 6 November – The first public performance by punk rock band the Sex Pistols, took place.[34]
- 12 November – The Employment Protection Act established ACAS to arbitrate industrial disputes, and legislated against unfair dismissal.[3]
- 16 November – British and Icelandic ships clashed, marking the beginning of the third Cod War.
- 27 November – Ross McWhirter, co-founder with his twin of the Guinness Book of Records, was shot dead by the Provisional Irish Republican Army for offering reward money to informers.[41]
- 29 November – Former racing driver Graham Hill, 46, died in an air crash in Hertfordshire.[42]
December
- December – Donald Neilson, 39, was arrested in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, on suspicion of being the "Black Panther" murderer who was believed to have carried out five murders in the last two years.[2]
- 5 December – The Government ends Internment of suspected terrorists in Northern Ireland.[3]
- 6–12 December – Balcombe Street Siege: IRA members on the run from police broke into a London flat taking the residents hostage. The siege ended after six days with the gunmen giving themselves up to the police.[43][44]
- 29 December – Two new laws, the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and the Equal Pay Act 1970, came into force aiming to end unequal pay of men and women in the workplace.[45]
Undated
- The Willis Building (Ipswich) was completed, a key early example of Foster Associates' 'high-tech' architectural style.[46]
- The British National Oil Corporation was set up.
- First annual payment of Short Money made to the Official Opposition in the House of Commons to help with its costs for Parliamentary business (named after Edward Short, Leader of the House).
- Jackie Tabick became the first female rabbi in the British Isles.[47]
- The white-tailed sea eagle was re-introduced to the UK, on the Isle of Rum.[48]
Publications
- Malcolm Bradbury's campus novel The History Man.
- Agatha Christie's final Hercule Poirot novel Curtain.
- Shirley Conran's guide Superwoman.
- Richard Crossman's The Diaries of a Cabinet Minister (posthumous), after a legal battle with the Government which wished to suppress publication.
- Colin Dexter's first Inspector Morse novel Last Bus to Woodstock.
- Ruth Prawer Jhabvala's novel Heat and Dust.
- David Lodge’s campus novel Changing Places.
- Paul Scott's novel A Division of the Spoils, the final part of the Raj Quartet.
- Gerald Seymour's thriller Harry's Game.
Births
- 15 January – Edith Bowman, radio DJ
- 20 January – Zac Goldsmith, Conservative politician and MP for Richmond Park
- 24 January – Lucy Montgomery, comedian, actress and writer
- 18 February
- Keith Gillespie, footballer
- Gary Neville, footballer
- 21 March – Mark Williams, snooker player
- 9 April – Robbie Fowler, footballer
- 20 April – Oliver Robbins, civil servant
- 2 May – David Beckham, footballer
- 18 May – John Higgins, snooker player
- 22 May – Kelly Morgan, badminton player
- 27 May – Jamie Oliver, chef and television personality
- 29 May
- Melanie Brown, pop singer (Spice Girls)
- Sarah Millican, born Sarah King, comedian
- 4 June – Russell Brand, comedian and actor
- 19 June – Ed Coode, rower
- 12 July – Hannah Waterman, actress
- 15 July – Jill Halfpenny, actress
- 17 July – Konnie Huq, television presenter
- 30 July – Graham Nicholls, artist
- 31 July – Stephanie Hirst, born Simon Hirst, radio DJ
- 11 August – Asma al-Assad, born Asma Akhras, spouse of President of Syria
- 22 August – Sheree Murphy, actress
- 18 September – Richard Appleby, football player
- 23 September – Chris Hawkins, radio personality
- 25 September – Declan Donnelly, television presenter and one half of Ant and Dec
- 5 October – Kate Winslet, actress
- 9 October – Joe McFadden, actor
- 27 October – Zadie Smith, born Sadie Smith, novelist
- 12 November – Katherine Grainger, rower
- 18 November – Anthony McPartlin, television presenter and one half of Ant and Dec
- 5 December – Ronnie O'Sullivan, snooker player
Deaths
- 31 January – Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk, peer and Earl Marshal (born 1908)
- 8 February – Robert Robinson, chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1886)
- 14 February
- Julian Huxley, biologist (born 1887)
- P. G. Wodehouse, comic writer (born 1881)
- 26 February – Stephen Tibble, London police officer (shot) (born 1953)
- 3 March
- Sandy MacPherson, theatre organist (born 1897 in Canada)
- T. H. Parry-Williams, poet (born 1887)
- 3 April – Mary Ure, actress (born 1933)
- 14 April – Michael Flanders, actor and songwriter (born 1922)
- 23 April – William Hartnell, actor (born 1908)
- 24 April – Pete Ham, musician (born 1947)
- 20 May – Barbara Hepworth, sculptor (born 1903)
- 21 May – A. H. Dodd, historian (born 1891)
- 2 July – James Robertson Justice, actor (born 1907)
- 7 August – Jim Griffiths, politician (born 1890)
- 10 September – George Paget Thomson, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1892)
- 25 November – Moyna Macgill, actress (born 1895)
- 27 November – Ross McWhirter, co-founder of the Guinness Book of Records (assassinated) (born 1925)
- 29 November
- Tony Brise, racing driver (born 1952)
- Graham Hill, racing driver (born 1929)
See also
References
- ↑ http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/bob.dunning/thirty45b.htm
- 1 2 "1975: Heiress Lesley Whittle kidnapped". BBC News. 14 January 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- 1 2 3 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 437–438. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "1975". Those were the days. Wolverhampton: Express and Star. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
- ↑ "1975: Tories choose first woman leader". BBC News. 11 February 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Miners set for 35 per cent pay rises". BBC News. 13 February 1975. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
- ↑ "1975: PC murder linked to IRA bomb factory". BBC News. 27 February 1975. Archived from the original on 2 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Comic genius Chaplin is knighted". BBC News. 4 March 1975. Archived from the original on 22 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Kidnapped heiress found strangled". BBC News. 7 March 1975. Archived from the original on 17 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: National Front rallies against Europe". BBC News. 25 March 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "History by Decade". www.manutd.com. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "1975: 'Cambridge rapist' strikes again". BBC News. 13 April 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Labour votes to leave the EEC". BBC News. 26 April 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "The Windsor Star - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "Dibbles Bridge: 25 years on". Telegraph & Argus. Bradford: Newsquest Media Group. 20 May 2000. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
- ↑
- ↑ Gilliland, Ben (16 January 2009). "Science & Discovery". Metro.
- ↑ "ESA turns 30!". ESA. 2005. Retrieved 2010-06-26.
- ↑ "1975: UK embraces Europe in referendum". BBC News. 6 June 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: First live broadcast of Parliament". BBC News. 9 June 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "The Sydney Morning Herald - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "1975: Missing earl guilty of murder". BBC News. 19 June 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "The Glasgow Herald - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "THE ATTACKS AND MURDERS - ANN ROGULSKYJ". www.execulink.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ Green, Oliver (1988). The London Underground - An Illustrated History. Ian Allan. p. 62. ISBN 0-7110-1720-4.
- ↑ Twigger, Robert (1999). "Inflation: the Value of the Pound 1750-1998" (PDF). House of Commons Library. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2006. Retrieved 2010-11-19.
- ↑ "THE ATTACKS AND MURDERS - OLIVE SMELT". www.execulink.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/bob.dunning/thirty47c.htm
- ↑ "1975: Davis campaigners stop Test match". BBC News. 19 August 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "THE ATTACKS AND MURDERS - TRACY BROWNE". www.execulink.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "Development of the Chrysler - Talbot Alpine cars". Retrieved 2008-02-14.
- ↑ "1975: London Hilton bombed". BBC News. 5 September 1975. Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- 1 2 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ↑ "1975: First Britons conquer Everest". BBC News. 24 September 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: London's Spaghetti House siege ends". BBC News. 3 October 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "UK GDP since 1955". DataBlog. London: The Guardian. 2016. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
- ↑ "1975: Man killed in Piccadilly bomb blast". BBC News. 9 October 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "THE ATTACKS AND MURDERS - WILMA McCANN". www.execulink.com. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
- ↑ "1975: North Sea oil begins to flow". BBC News. 3 November 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: TV presenter Ross McWhirter shot dead". BBC News. 27 November 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Graham Hill killed in air crash". BBC News. 29 November 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Couple under siege in Balcombe Street". BBC News. 6 December 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: Balcombe Street siege ends". BBC News. 12 December 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ "1975: New laws to end battle of the sexes". BBC News. 29 December 1975. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ↑ Harwood, Elain (2003). England: a Guide to Post-War Listed Buildings (rev. ed.). London: Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-8818-2.
- ↑ "Rabbi Jackie Tabick". The Jewish Chronicle. 6 March 2008. Retrieved 2012-06-30.
- ↑ Snow, D. W.; Perrins, C. M. (1998). The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-854099-X.
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