1852 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1852 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – Victoria
- Prime Minister – Lord John Russell (Whig) (until 23 February); Edward Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby (Conservative) (starting 23 February, until 19 December); George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen (Coalition) (starting 19 December)
- Parliament – 15th (until 1 July), 16th (until 4 November)
Events
- 17 January – United Kingdom recognises the independence of the Transvaal.
- 3 February – the new chamber of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom in the Palace of Westminster, designed by Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin, is opened.
- 5 February – Holmfirth Flood caused by collapse of the embankment at Bilberry reservoir in the West Riding of Yorkshire: 81 killed.[1]
- 11 February – the first British public toilet for women opens in Bedford Street, London.
- 14 February – Great Ormond Street Hospital in London admits its first patient.[2]
- 21 February – Earl Russell resigns as Prime Minister after his Militia Bill is amended.[3]
- 23 February – the Earl of Derby forms a minority Protectionist Conservative government.[3]
- 27 February – Lord Derby appoints Benjamin Disraeli as Chancellor of the Exchequer.
- 1 March – Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton is appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
- April – Samuel Orchart Beeton begins publication of The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine, the first for women.[4]
- 1 April – start of the Second Burmese War.
- 21 April – St George's Cathedral, Southwark, St Chad's Cathedral, Birmingham, Nottingham Cathedral and Salford Cathedral are raised to the dignity of cathedrals of the Roman Catholic church by decree of the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith.[5]
- May – the Museum of Manufactures, predecessor of the Victoria and Albert Museum, is opened in London, initially at Marlborough House.[6]
- 21 June – trial of Cardinal John Henry Newman for the defamation of Giacinto Achilli opens in London. Newman is convicted on 25 June.[7]
- 29 June – Protestant-Catholic riots in Stockport.[8]
- 30 June – colony of New Zealand granted its first representative government.[3]
- July – first Synod of the newly created Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Westminster is held at St Mary's College, Oscott, Birmingham.
- 7–31 July – general election: Lord Derby retains power.
- 2 September – the public library in Campfield, Manchester, is the first to offer free lending[9] under the Public Libraries Act 1850.
- 1 October – Patent Law Amendment Act comes into effect, merging the English, Scottish and Irish patent systems.
- 14 October – Great Northern Railway opens London King's Cross station,[10] the largest in Europe at this time.[3]
- 19 October – The last fatal duel on English soil takes place on Priest Hill, between Englefield Green and Old Windsor, between two French political exiles Emmanuel Barthélemy and Frederic Cournet.[11] Cournet is killed; Barthélemy is tried for murder but convicted only of manslaughter and serves a few months in prison. He is hanged two years later after another killing.
- 1–30 November – The second-wettest month in the EWP series (wettest until 1903) with an average of 202.5 millimetres (7.97 in).[12] It beats November 1772 with 200.8 millimetres (7.91 in).
- 17 December – Earl of Derby resigns as Prime Minister, following the defeat of his budget.[3]
- 28 December – Earl of Aberdeen becomes Prime Minister, leading a Whig-Peelite coalition.[3]
Undated
- End of the Great Famine (Ireland).[13] In the period it has lasted since 1845, one million people have emigrated from Ireland. The Irish now make up a quarter of the population of Liverpool, and the same is true of cities on the east coast of North America.
- The House of Mercy Anglican sisterhood (which becomes the Community of St John Baptist) is established at Clewer, near Windsor, to minister to reformed prostitutes and other marginalised women.[14]
- New Model Union the Amalgamated Society of Engineers, Machinists, Smiths, Millwrights and Patternmakers involved in a lockout.
- Nailmakers' Strike in the West Midlands.[15]
- The Inman Line is the first to offer United States-bound migrants steerage passage in a steamer, SS City of Glasgow.
Publications
- Serialisation of Charles Dickens' novel Bleak House.
- Roget's Thesaurus (1st edition).[16]
- William Makepeace Thackeray's novel The History of Henry Esmond.
Births
- 4 May – Alice Liddell, inspiration for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (died 1934)
- 18 April – George Clausen, artist (died 1944)
- 23 August – Arnold Toynbee, economic historian (died 1883)
- 12 September – Herbert Henry Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1928)
- 28 September – John French, World War I field marshal (died 1925)
- 2 October – William Ramsay, chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1916)
- Kate Vaughan, born Catherine Alice Candelin or Candelon, dancer and actress (died 1903)
Deaths
- 10 February – Samuel Prout, painter (born 1783)[17]
- 4 September – William MacGillivray, naturalist and ornithologist (born 1796)
- 14 September
- Augustus Pugin, architect and designer (born 1812)
- Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, general and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1769)
- 9 November – John Talbot, 16th Earl of Shrewsbury, peer and lay Roman Catholic leader (born 1791)
- 21 November – Mary Berry, writer (born 1763)
- 27 November – Ada Lovelace, early computer pioneer and the daughter of Lord Byron (born 1815)
See also
References
- ↑ "Holmfirth – Is there more to it than Last of the Summer Wine?". BBC.
- ↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 272–273. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ↑ Beetham, Margaret (2004). "Beeton, Samuel Orchart (1831–1877)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ↑ Decreta Quatuor Conciliorum Provincialium Westmonasteriensium, 2nd edn, London: Burns & Oates, p.56; translation in: Robert Guy OSB, The Synods in English, Stratford-on-Avon: St Gregory Press, 1886 p.101.
- ↑ Physick, John (1982). The Victoria and Albert Museum: the History of its Building. Oxford: Phaidon. p. 16.
- ↑ Ward, W. (1912). "10: The Achilli Trial". Life of John Henry Cardinal Newman. London: Longmans, Green and Co. p. 291.
- ↑ "Lord Derby looses bigotry on the streets". The Manchester Guardian. 3 July 1852. Retrieved 2012-07-12.
- ↑ "Anniversary of first public library". BBC News. 5 September 2002. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
- ↑ Jackson, Alan A. (1985). London's Termini. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-8634-4.
- ↑ "The common is steeped in history". Keep Englefield Green – The Heritage. Keepenglefieldgreen.org. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
- ↑ Hadley Center Ranked EWP.
- ↑ Kinealy, Christine (1994). This Great Calamity: The Irish Famine 1845–1852. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. pp. xvi–ii. ISBN 0-7171-4011-3.
- ↑ Mumm, Susan (1999). Stolen Daughters, Virgin Mothers: Anglican Sisterhoods in Victorian Britain. Leicester University Press. p. 8. ISBN 0-7185-0151-9.
- ↑ Fletcher, M.H.W. (1969). Netherton: Edward I to Edward VIII. Dudley Public Libraries. ISBN 0-900911-05-0.
- ↑ "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-13.
- ↑ "Samuel Prout (1783-1852)". artuk.org. Retrieved 3 January 2017.
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