1211

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Year 1211 (MCCXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Cavalier Windmill at Langlade, Gard, first recorded in 1211

Events

• April 21 – Santiago de Compostela Cathedral (begun in the 11th century) is consecrated, in the presence of King Alfonso IX of León.
• September 14 – The Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross are founded in Liège.
• October 15 – Battle of the Rhyndacus: Latin emperor Henry of Flanders defeats the Nicaean emperor Theodore I Lascaris.
• Livonian Crusade: Battles of Viljandi and Turaida – The Crusaders fail to conquer the Viljandi stronghold, but manage to baptize Sakala and Ugandi counties in southern Estonia.
• Mongol forces under Genghis Khan invade the Jurchen-led Jin Dynasty of northern China, aiming at this stage simply to loot the countryside. A Jin army is defeated and slaughtered at the Battle of Yehuling near Zhangjiakou, and another is beaten at Mukden, where the city is taken. Zhongdu is also besieged by the Mongol hordes.
• Byzantine–Seljuq wars: Battle of Antioch on the Meander in Anatolia – Forces of the Empire of Nicaea under Theodore I Laskaris defeat those of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm whose leader, Kaykhusraw I, is killed on the battlefield.
• The church in the French city of Reims burns down; soon after, construction begins on Reims Cathedral.
• King John of England sends a gift of herrings to nunneries in almost every shire, despite his status as an excommunicant.^[1]
• The oldest extant double-entry bookkeeping system record dates from this year.

Births

• September 22 – Ibn Khallikan, Kurdish Muslim scholar (d. 1282)
• date unknown – Shinnyo, Japanese Buddhist nun
• probable
  • William of Villehardouin, prince of Achaea (d. 1278)
  • Eleanor of Portugal, Queen of Denmark (d. 1231)

Deaths

• June – Kaykhusraw I, Seljuk Sultan of Rûm (killed in battle)
• August 9 – William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber, exiled Anglo-Norman baron (b. 1144/53)
• August 18 – Narapatisithu, king of Burma (b. 1150)
• December 14 – Princess Shōshi of Japan (b. 1195)

References