Kaykhusraw I

Statue of Kaykhusraw I in Antalya, sculpted by Meret Öwezov
Seljuq sultans of Rum
Reign 1192–1196
Predecessor Kilij Arslan II
Successor Suleiman II
Seljuq sultans of Rum
Reign 1205–1211
Predecessor Kilij Arslan III
Successor Kaykaus I
Died 1211
Kuyucak, Aydin Province
Consort daughter of Manuel Maurozomes
Dawlat Raziya Khatun
Full name
Ghīyāth al-Dīn Kaykhusraw bin Qilij Arslān
House House of Seljuq
Father Kilij Arslan II

Kaykhusraw I (Old Anatolian Turkish: كَیخُسرو or Ghiyāth ad-Dīn Kaykhusraw bin Qilij Arslān; Persian: غياث الدين كيخسرو بن قلج ارسلان), the eleventh and youngest son of Kilij Arslan II, was Seljuk Sultan of Rûm. He succeeded his father in 1192, but had to fight his brothers for control of the Sultanate, losing to his brother Suleiman II in 1196.[1] He ruled it 1192-1196 and 1205-1211.

Marriage

Kaykhusraw married a daughter of Manuel Maurozomes.[2] Manuel Maurozomes would hold the castles of Chonae and Laodicea as a vassal of Kaykhusraw.[3]

Reign

In 1192/93, Kaykhusraw returned the Byzantine nobleman, Theodore Mangaphas, to Emperor Isaac II after receiving assurances of Mangaphas treatment.[4] With his brother, Rukn ad-Din Suleiman Shah, quickly advancing towards Konya, Kaykhusraw fled to Constantinople in 1196.[5] He lived in Constantinople from 1197-1203, possibly even being baptised.[6]

After Suleiman's death and Kilij Arslan's ascension to the sultanate, Kaykhusraw forced his way into Konya, removed Kilij from power and was enthroned for a second time.[7]

Kaykhusraw seized Antalya in 1207 from its Niceaen garrison which furnished the Seljuq sultanate with a port on the Mediterranean.[8] It was during this year, Kaykhusraw founded a mosque in Antalya.[9]

Kaykhusraw was killed at the Battle of Antioch on the Meander in 1211.[10] His son Kayqubad I, by Manuel Maurozomes' daughter, ruled the Sultanate from 1220 to 1237, and his grandson, Kaykhusraw II, ruled from 1237 to 1246.[11]

Identity

According to Rustam Shukurov, Kaykaus II "had dual Christian and Muslim identity, an identity which was further complicated by dual Turkic/Persian and Greek ethnic identity".[12]

Culture

Muhammad bin Ali Rawandi dedicated his book, Rahat al-sudur wa-ayat al-surur, to Kaykhusraw.[13]

References

Sources

  • Beihammer, Alexander D. (2011). "Defection across the Border of Islam and Christianity: Apostasy and Cross-Cultural Interaction in Byzantine-Seljuk Relations". Speculum. Vol. 86, No. 3 JULY.
  • Bosworth, C.E. (1996). The New Islamic Dynasties. Columbia University Press.
  • Brand, Charles M. (1989). "The Turkish Element in Byzantium, Eleventh-Twelfth Centuries". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 43.
  • Cahen, Claude (1997). "Kaykhusraw". In Van Donzel, E.; Lewis, B.; Pellat, CH. The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. IV. Brill.
  • Crane, H. (1993). "Notes on Saldjūq Architectural Patronage in Thirteenth Century Anatolia". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. Vol. 36, No. 1.
  • De Nicola, Bruno; Yıldız, Sara Nur; Peacock, A.C.S., eds. (2015). Islam and Christianity in Medieval Anatolia. Ashgate Publishing Company.
  • Peacock, A.C.S.; Yildiz, Sara Nur, eds. (2013). The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-0857733467.
  • Peacock, A.C.S.; Yildiz, Sara Nur, eds. (2015). The Seljuks of Anatolia: Court and Society in the Medieval Middle East. I.B. Tauris.
  • Treadgold, Warren T. (1997). A History of the Byzantine State and Society. Stanford University Press.
  • Van Tricht, Filip (2011). The Latin Renovatio of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204-1228). Brill.


Preceded by
Kilij Arslan II
Sultan of Rûm
1192–1196
Succeeded by
Suleiman II
Preceded by
Kilij Arslan III
Sultan of Rûm
1205–1211
Succeeded by
Kaykaus I


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