雹

雹	U+96F9, 雹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F9

← 雸
[U+96F8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

雺 →
[U+96FA]

Translingual

Han character

雹 (radical 173, 雨+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月心口山 (MBPRU), four-corner 1071₂, composition ⿱雨包)

References

KangXi: page 1372, character 26

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42248

Dae Jaweon: page 1882, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4061, character 5

Unihan data for U+96F9

Chinese

simp. and trad.		雹

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雹
Shang	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
袍	*buː
袌	buː, buːs
軳	*buː
抱	*buːʔ
勽	buːs, mɯnʔ
菢	*buːs
勹	*pruː
包	*pruː
胞	pruː, pʰruː
苞	*pruː
枹	pruː, bu, *bu
飽	*pruːʔ
泡	pʰruː, m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮	pʰruːs, bruː
皰	pʰruːs, bruːs
疱	pʰruːs, bruːs
跑	bruː, bruːɡ
咆	*bruː
庖	*bruː
匏	*bruː
刨	*bruː
狍	*bruː
炰	*bruː
鉋	bruː, bruːs
瓟	bruː, bruːɡ
颮	bruː, pʰruːɡ
鞄	bruː, bruːʔ, bruːs, pʰruːɡ
鮑	*bruːʔ
骲	bruːʔ, bruːs, bruːɡ, pʰoːɡ
玸	*bu
雹	*bruːɡ
窇	*bruːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bruːɡ) : semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): báo, bó (bao², bo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄠˊ, ㄅㄛˊ

(Chengdu, SP): bao⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): bok⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): bau¹
Gan (Wiktionary): poh⁷
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pho̍k

(Meixian, Guangdong): pog⁶
Jin (Wiktionary): bau³
Min Dong (BUC): pĕ̤k / pâu
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pha̍uh / phàu / phau / phāu / pa̍k / po̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): pag⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): boq (T5)
Xiang (Wiktionary): pau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: báo
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˊ
  - Wade–Giles: pao²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baur
  - Tongyong Pinyin: báo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, rare literary variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: bó
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
  - Wade–Giles: po²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bó
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pwɔ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pau²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bok⁶
  - Yale: bohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: bog⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: bau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pau³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: poh⁷
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔʔ²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pho̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: pog
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰok̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pog⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰɔk̚⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bau³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pau⁴⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pĕ̤k / pâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰøyʔ⁵/, /pʰɑu²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pha̍uh
  - Tâi-lô: pha̍uh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phauh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰaʊʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰaʊʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phàu
  - Tâi-lô: phàu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phaux
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰaʊ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Kinmen, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phau
  - Tâi-lô: phau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phaw
  - IPA (Taipei, Kinmen): /pʰaʊ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taichung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phāu
  - Tâi-lô: phāu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phau
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pa̍k
  - Tâi-lô: pa̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pak
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pak̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k
  - Tâi-lô: po̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pɔk̚⁴/

Note:

pha̍uh/phàu/phau/phāu - vernacular;
pa̍k - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: pag⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pha̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰak̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: boq (T5)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /b̻ʊʔ¹²/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: pau⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɒu⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /bˠʌk̚/▼

Rime
Character	雹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	蒲角切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/bɔk̚/
Wang Li	/bɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bó

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[b]ˤruk/

(Zhengzhang): /*bruːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	雹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	báo
Middle Chinese	‹ bæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[b]ˁruk/
English	hail
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雹
Reading #	1/1
No.	310
Phonetic component	勹
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	雹
Old Chinese	/*bruːɡ/

Definitions

雹

hail

Compounds

下雹 (xiàbáo)
冰雹 (bīngbáo)

雷霆電雹／雷霆电雹
雹子 (báozi)

雹神
雹雨

Japanese

Kanji

雹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

hail

Readings

Go-on: ぼく (boku)
Kan-on: はく (haku)
Kan’yō-on: ひょく (hyoku)
Kun: ひょう (hyō, 雹)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
雹
ひょう Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

雹 (hyō)

Perhaps from 氷 (hyō, “ice”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ひょー [hyóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
- IPA^(key): [ço̞ː]

Noun

雹 (hiragana ひょう, rōmaji hyō)

hail
a hailstone

Derived terms

降 (こう)雹 (ひょう) (kōhyō)
雹 (ひょう)害 (がい) (hyōgai)

Korean

Hanja

雹 • (bak) (hangeul 박, revised bak, McCune–Reischauer pak, Yale pak)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

雹 (bạc, bão)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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