雒越

Chinese

		black horse with white mane; fearful	to exceed; to climb over; to surpass to exceed; to climb over; to surpass; the more ... the more
simp. and trad. (雒越)		雒	越
variant forms		駱越／骆越貉越

Etymology

雒 (OC *rak) here results from the monosyllabification of the areal ethnonym *b.rak or *p.rak by loss of the first element in the iambic cluster; the same ethnonym is used by the Wa people, a Khmu subgroup and possibly the Bai, and may be the same as the first syllable in 百越 (OC *praːɡ ɢʷad, “Baiyue”), later construed as meaning “hundred” (Ferlus, 2009).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Luòyuè

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄩㄝˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: Luòyuè
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄩㄝˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Luohyueh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Luòyuè
  - IPA ^(key): /lwɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /lɑk̚ ɦʉɐt̚/▼

Rime
Character	雒	越
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	月 (68)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	盧各切	王伐切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/	/ɦʉɐt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/	/ɦʷiɐt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/	/ɣiuɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/	/ɦuat̚/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/	/ɣiuɐt̚/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/	/ɣĭwɐt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/	/i̯wɐt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò	yuè

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·raːɡ ɢʷad/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	雒	越
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	3871	16333
Phonetic component	各	戉
Rime group	鐸	月
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	落	越
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·raːɡ/	/*ɢʷad/

Proper noun

雒越

(historical) Luoyue (an ancient conglomeration of Yue tribes)

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
雒	越

Proper noun

雒越

Hán tự form of Lạc Việt (“(historical) Luoyue (an ancient conglomeration of Yue tribes)”).

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